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更新时间:2024-06-20 GMT+08:00
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范围分区表添加新分区报错upper boundary of adding partition MUST overtop last existing partition

问题现象

创建范围分区表后增加新的分区,使用ALTER TABLE ADD PARTITION语句报错upper boundary of adding partition MUST overtop last existing partition。

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——创建范围分区表studentinfo
CREATE TABLE studentinfo (stuno smallint, sname varchar(20), score varchar(20), examate timestamp)
PARTITION BY RANGE (examate) (
   PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-10-10 00:00:00+08'),
   PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-10-11 00:00:00+08'),
   PARTITION p3 VALUES LESS THAN ('2022-10-12 00:00:00+08'),
   PARTITION p4 VALUES LESS THAN (maxvalue)
);
——添加边界值为2022-10-9 00:00:00+08的分区p0
ALTER TABLE studentinfo ADD PARTITION p0 values less than ('2022-10-9 00:00:00+08');
ERROR:  the boundary of partition "p0" is less than previous partition's boundary
——添加边界值为2022-10-13 00:00:00+08的分区p5
ALTER TABLE studentinfo ADD PARTITION p5 values less than ('2022-10-13 00:00:00+08');
ERROR:  the boundary of partition "p5" is equal to previous partition's boundary

原因分析

增加分区时需同时满足以下条件:

  • 新增分区名不能与已有分区名相同。
  • 新增分区的边界值必须大于最后一个分区的上边界。
  • 新增分区的边界值要和分区表的分区键的类型一致。

已有分区p1的边界为(-∞,20221010),而新增分区p0的上边界为20221009,落在分区p1内;已有分区p4的边界为[20221012,+∞),而新增分区p5的上界为20221013,落在分区p4内。新增分区p0、p5不满足使用ADD PARTITION增加分区的条件,因此执行新增分区语句报错。

处理方法

使用ALTER TABLE SPLIT PARTITION分割已有分区,也能达到新增分区的目的。同样, SPLIT PARTITION的新分区名称也不能与已有分区相同。

使用split子句分割p4分区[20221012,+∞)为p4a分区范围为[20221012,20221013)和p4b分区范围为[20221013,+∞)。

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——SPLIT PARTITION分割前的分区
SELECT relname, boundaries FROM pg_partition p where p.parentid='studentinfo'::regclass ORDER BY 1;
   relname   |       boundaries
-------------+-------------------------
 p1          | {"2022-10-10 00:00:00"}
 p2          | {"2022-10-11 00:00:00"}
 p3          | {"2022-10-12 00:00:00"}
 p4          | {NULL}
 studentinfo |
(5 rows)

ALTER TABLE studentinfo SPLIT PARTITION p1 AT('2022-10-09 00:00:00+08') INTO (PARTITION P1a,PARTITION P1b);
ALTER TABLE studentinfo SPLIT PARTITION p4 AT('2022-10-13 00:00:00+08') INTO (PARTITION P4a,PARTITION P4b);

——执行SPLIT PARTITION分割后的分区
SELECT relname, boundaries FROM pg_partition p where p.parentid='studentinfo'::regclass ORDER BY 1;
   relname   |       boundaries
-------------+-------------------------
 p1a         | {"2022-10-09 00:00:00"}
 p1b         | {"2022-10-10 00:00:00"}
 p2          | {"2022-10-11 00:00:00"}
 p3          | {"2022-10-12 00:00:00"}
 p4a         | {"2022-10-13 00:00:00"}
 p4b         | {NULL}
 studentinfo |
(7 rows)

如果对分区名称有要求,可以在分割后再使用rename partition统一分区名。

ALTER TABLE studentinfo RENAME PARTITION p1a to p0;

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