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Making an API Request

Updated on 2025-01-23 GMT+08:00

This section describes the structure of a RESTful API request, and uses the IAM API for creating an IAM user as an example to describe how to call an API.

Request URI

A request URI is in the following format:

{URI-scheme}://{Endpoint}/{resource-path}?{query-string}

Table 1 Request URL

Parameter

Description

URI-scheme

Protocol used to transmit requests. All APIs use HTTPS.

Endpoint

Domain name or IP address of the server running the REST service. The endpoint varies between services in different regions. It can be obtained from Endpoints.

resource-path

API access path for performing a specified operation. Obtain the value from the URI of an API. For example, the resource-path of the API for creating an IAM user (by an administrator account) is /v3.0/OS-USER/users.

query-string

Query parameter, which is optional. Ensure that a question mark (?) is included before a query parameter that is in the format of "Parameter name=Parameter value". For example, limit=10 indicates that a maximum of 10 pieces of data is to be viewed.

For example, if you want to create an IAM user, use the IAM endpoint of any region (for example, for CN-Hong Kong, the IAM endpoint is iam.ap-southeast-1.myhuaweicloud.com) and combine it with the resource-path (/v3.0/OS-USER/users) in the URI of the API for creating an IAM user (by an administrator account). See as follows:

https://iam.ap-southeast-1.myhuaweicloud.com/v3.0/OS-USER/users
Figure 1 Example URL
NOTE:

To simplify the URI display, each API is provided with only a resource-path and a request method. The URI-scheme of all APIs is HTTPS, and the endpoints of all APIs in the same region are identical.

Request Methods

HTTP-based request methods, which are also called operations or actions, specify the type of operations that you are requesting.

  • GET: requests the server to return specified resources.
  • PUT: requests the server to update specified resources.
  • POST: requests the server to add resources or perform special operations.
  • DELETE: requests the server to delete specified resources, for example, an object.
  • HEAD: requests a server resource header.
  • PATCH: requests the server to update partial content of a specified resource. If the target resource does not exist, PATCH may create a resource.

For example, in the URI of the API for creating an IAM user as an administrator, the request method is POST. The request is as follows:

POST https://iam.ap-southeast-1.myhuaweicloud.com/v3.0/OS-USER/users (Outside China)

Request Header

You can also add additional fields to a request, such as the fields required by a specified URI or an HTTP method. For example, add Content-Type that defines a request body type to request for the authentication information.

Table 2 lists common request header fields.

Table 2 Common request headers

Parameter

Mandatory

Description

Content-Type

Yes

Message body type (or format). You are advised to use the default value application/json.

X-Auth-Token

Mandatory for token authentication

User token. It is the response to the API for obtaining a user token (only this API does not require authentication). After the request is processed, the value of X-Subject-Token in the response header (Header) is the token value.

X-Project-Id

No

Subproject ID, which is used in multi-project scenarios. The X-Project-ID field is mandatory in the request header for accessing resources in a subproject through AK/SK-based authentication.

X-Sdk-Date

Mandatory for AK/SK authentication

Request sending time. When AK/SK authentication is enabled, this field is automatically specified when SDK is used to sign the request.

For details, see Authentication.

The format is YYYYMMDD'T'HHMMSS'Z'. The value is the current GMT time of the system.

Authorization

Mandatory for AK/SK authentication

Signature authentication information, When AK/SK authentication is enabled, this field is automatically specified when SDK is used to sign the request.

For details, see Authentication.

X-Language

No

Request language

For the API for creating an IAM user as an administrator, if AK/SK-based authentication is enabled, the request with the header is as follows:

POST https://iam.ap-southeast-1.myhuaweicloud.com/v3.0/OS-USER/users 
Content-Type: application/json 
X-Sdk-Date: 20240416T095341Z 
Authorization: SDK-HMAC-SHA256 Access=****************, SignedHeaders=content-type;host;x-sdk-date, Signature=****************

Request Body

A request body conveys information other than the request header and is generally sent in a structured format defined by the request header field Content-Type. The request body transfers content other than the request header. If the request body contains Chinese characters, set Content-type to utf-8, for example, Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8.

The request body varies between APIs. Some APIs do not require the request body, such as the APIs requested using the GET and DELETE methods.

The following shows an example request (a request body included) of the API for creating an IAM user. You can learn about request parameters and related description from this example. The bold parameters need to be replaced for a real request.

  • accountid indicates the ID of the account to which the IAM user belongs.
  • username indicates the IAM username to be created.
  • ********** indicates the login password of the IAM user.
POST https://iam.cn-north-4.myhuaweicloud.com/v3.0/OS-USER/users (China) 
POST https://iam.ap-southeast-1.myhuaweicloud.com/v3.0/OS-USER/users (Outside China)
Content-Type: application/json 
X-Sdk-Date: 20240416T095341Z 
Authorization: SDK-HMAC-SHA256 Access=****************, SignedHeaders=content-type;host;x-sdk-date, Signature=**************** 
 
{ 
     "user": { 
         "domain_id": "accountid", 
         "name": "username", 
         "password": "**********", 
         "description": "IAM User Description" 
     } 
 }

By now, all data required for an API request is available. You can send the request to call the API through curl, Postman, or coding.

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