Cloud Container Engine
Cloud Container Engine
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What's New
Function Overview
Product Bulletin
Latest Notices
Product Change Notices
EOM of CentOS
Reliability Hardening for Cluster Networks and Storage Functions
Support for Docker
Service Account Token Security Improvement
Upgrade of Helm v2 to Helm v3
Optimized Key Authentication of the everest Add-on
Cluster Version Release Notes
End of Maintenance for Clusters 1.23
End of Maintenance for Clusters 1.21
End of Maintenance for Clusters 1.19
Vulnerability Notices
Vulnerability Fixing Policies
Notice of Container Escape Vulnerability in NVIDIA Container Toolkit (CVE-2024-0132)
Notice of Linux Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in CUPS (CVE-2024-47076, CVE-2024-47175, CVE-2024-47176, and CVE-2024-47177)
Notice of the NGINX Ingress Controller Vulnerability That Allows Attackers to Bypass Annotation Validation (CVE-2024-7646)
Notice of Docker Engine Vulnerability That Allows Attackers to Bypass AuthZ (CVE-2024-41110)
Notice of Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2024-1086)
Notice of OpenSSH Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2024-6387)
Notice of runC systemd Attribute Injection Vulnerability (CVE-2024-3154)
Notice of the Impact of runC Vulnerability (CVE-2024-21626)
Notice on the Kubernetes Security Vulnerability (CVE-2022-3172)
Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in Linux Kernel openvswitch Module (CVE-2022-2639)
Notice on nginx-ingress Add-On Security Vulnerability (CVE-2021-25748)
Notice on nginx-ingress Security Vulnerabilities (CVE-2021-25745 and CVE-2021-25746)
Notice on the containerd Process Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2022-24769)
Notice on CRI-O Container Runtime Engine Arbitrary Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2022-0811)
Notice on the Container Escape Vulnerability Caused by the Linux Kernel (CVE-2022-0492)
Notice on the Non-Security Handling Vulnerability of containerd Image Volumes (CVE-2022-23648)
Linux Kernel Integer Overflow Vulnerability (CVE-2022-0185)
Linux Polkit Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2021-4034)
Notice on the Vulnerability of Kubernetes subPath Symlink Exchange (CVE-2021-25741)
Notice of runC Vulnerability That Allows a Container Filesystem Breakout via Directory Traversal (CVE-2021-30465)
Notice on the Docker Resource Management Vulnerability (CVE-2021-21285)
Notice of NVIDIA GPU Driver Vulnerability (CVE-2021-1056)
Notice on the Sudo Buffer Vulnerability (CVE-2021-3156)
Notice on the Kubernetes Security Vulnerability (CVE-2020-8554)
Notice of Apache containerd Security Vulnerability (CVE-2020-15257)
Notice on the Docker Engine Input Verification Vulnerability (CVE-2020-13401)
Notice of Kubernetes kube-apiserver Input Verification Vulnerability (CVE-2020-8559)
Notice on the Kubernetes kubelet Resource Management Vulnerability (CVE-2020-8557)
Notice on the Kubernetes kubelet and kube-proxy Authorization Vulnerability (CVE-2020-8558)
Notice on Fixing Kubernetes HTTP/2 Vulnerability
Notice on Fixing Linux Kernel SACK Vulnerabilities
Notice on Fixing the Docker Command Injection Vulnerability (CVE-2019-5736)
Notice on Fixing the Kubernetes Permission and Access Control Vulnerability (CVE-2018-1002105)
Notice of Fixing the Kubernetes Dashboard Security Vulnerability (CVE-2018-18264)
Product Release Notes
Cluster Versions
Kubernetes Version Policy
Kubernetes Version Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.29 Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.28 Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.27 Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.25 Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.23 Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.21 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.19 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.17 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.15 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.13 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.11 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.9 (EOM) and Earlier Versions Release Notes
Patch Versions
OS Images
OS Version Support Mechanism
OS Image Version Release Notes
Add-on Versions
CoreDNS Release History
CCE Container Storage (Everest) Release History
CCE Node Problem Detector Release History
Kubernetes Dashboard Release History
CCE Cluster Autoscaler Release History
NGINX Ingress Controller Release History
Kubernetes Metrics Server Release History
CCE Advanced HPA Release History
CCE Cloud Bursting Engine for CCI Release History
CCE AI Suite (NVIDIA GPU) Release History
CCE AI Suite (Ascend NPU) Release History
Volcano Scheduler Release History
CCE Secrets Manager for DEW Release History
CCE Network Metrics Exporter Release History
NodeLocal DNSCache Release History
Cloud Native Cluster Monitoring Release History
Cloud Native Logging Release History
CCE Cluster Backup & Recovery (End of Maintenance) Release History
Kubernetes Web Terminal (End of Maintenance) Release History
Prometheus (End of Maintenance) Release History
Service Overview
CCE Infographic
What Is CCE?
Product Advantages
Application Scenarios
Containerized Application Management
Auto Scaling in Seconds
DevOps and CI/CD
Hybrid Cloud
Notes and Constraints
Billing
Permissions
Related Services
Regions and AZs
Billing
Billing Overview
Billed Items
Billing Modes
Overview
Yearly/Monthly Billing
Pay-per-Use Billing
Billing Examples
Modifying Resource Specifications
Billing Mode Changes
Overview
Pay-per-Use to Yearly/Monthly
Yearly/Monthly to Pay-per-Use
Renewing Subscriptions
Overview
Manually Renewing a CCE Resource
Automatically Renewing a CCE Resource
Bills
Arrears
Billing Termination
Kubernetes Basics
Overview
Container and Kubernetes
Container
Kubernetes
Pod, Label, and Namespace
Pod: the Smallest Scheduling Unit in Kubernetes
Liveness Probe
Label for Managing Pods
Namespace for Grouping Resources
Pod Orchestration and Scheduling
Deployment
StatefulSet
Job and Cron Job
DaemonSet
Affinity and Anti-Affinity Scheduling
Configuration Management
ConfigMap
Secret
Kubernetes Networking
Container Networking
Service
Ingress
Readiness Probe
NetworkPolicy
Persistent Storage
Volume
PersistentVolume, PersistentVolumeClaim, and StorageClass
Authentication and Authorization
ServiceAccount
RBAC
Auto Scaling
Getting Started
Introduction
Preparations
Creating a Kubernetes Cluster
Creating a Deployment (Nginx)
Deploying WordPress and MySQL That Depend on Each Other
Overview
Creating a MySQL Workload
Creating a WordPress Workload
Deploying WordPress Using Helm
User Guide
High-Risk Operations
Clusters
Cluster Overview
Basic Cluster Information
Kubernetes Version Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.29 Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.28 Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.27 Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.25 Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.23 Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.21 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.19 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.17 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.15 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.13 (EOM) Release Notes
Kubernetes 1.11 (EOM) Release Notes
Release Notes for Kubernetes 1.9 (EOM) and Earlier Versions
Patch Version Release Notes
Buying a Cluster
Comparison Between Cluster Types
Buying a CCE Standard/Turbo Cluster
Comparing iptables and IPVS
Connecting to a Cluster
Connecting to a Cluster Using kubectl
Accessing a Cluster Using an X.509 Certificate
Accessing a Cluster Using a Custom Domain Name
Revoking a Credential to Access the Corresponding Cluster
Managing a Cluster
Modifying Cluster Configurations
Enabling Overload Control for a Cluster
Changing Cluster Scale
Changing the Default Security Group of a Node
Deleting a Cluster
Hibernating or Waking Up a Cluster
Renewing a Yearly/Monthly Cluster
Changing the Billing Mode of a Cluster from Pay-per-Use to Yearly/Monthly
Upgrading a Cluster
Process and Method of Upgrading a Cluster
Before You Start
Performing Post-Upgrade Verification
Cluster Status Check
Node Status Check
Node Skipping Check
Service Check
New Node Check
New Pod Check
Migrating Services Across Clusters of Different Versions
Troubleshooting for Pre-upgrade Check Exceptions
Pre-upgrade Check
Node Restrictions
Upgrade Management
Add-ons
Helm Charts
SSH Connectivity of Master Nodes
Node Pools
Security Groups
Arm Node Restrictions
Residual Nodes
Discarded Kubernetes Resources
Compatibility Risks
CCE Agent Versions
Node CPU Usage
CRDs
Node Disks
Node DNS
Node Key Directory File Permissions
kubelet
Node Memory
Node Clock Synchronization Server
Node OS
Node CPU Cores
Node Python Commands
ASM Version
Node Readiness
Node journald
containerd.sock
Internal Error
Node Mount Points
Kubernetes Node Taints
Everest Restrictions
cce-hpa-controller Limitations
Enhanced CPU Policies
Health of Worker Node Components
Health of Master Node Components
Memory Resource Limit of Kubernetes Components
Discarded Kubernetes APIs
IPv6 Support in CCE Turbo Clusters
NetworkManager
Node ID File
Node Configuration Consistency
Node Configuration File
CoreDNS Configuration Consistency
sudo
Key Node Commands
Mounting of a Sock File on a Node
HTTPS Load Balancer Certificate Consistency
Node Mounting
Login Permissions of User paas on a Node
Private IPv4 Addresses of Load Balancers
Historical Upgrade Records
CIDR Block of the Cluster Management Plane
GPU Add-on
Nodes' System Parameters
Residual Package Version Data
Node Commands
Node Swap
nginx-ingress Upgrade
ELB Listener Access Control
Master Node Flavor
Subnet Quota of Master Nodes
Node Runtime
Node Pool Runtime
Number of Node Images
OpenKruise Compatibility Check
Compatibility Check of Secret Encryption
Compatibility Between the Ubuntu Kernel and GPU Driver
Drainage Tasks
Image Layers on a Node
Cluster Rolling Upgrade
Rotation Certificates
Ingress and ELB Configuration Consistency
Nodes
Node Overview
Container Engines
Node OSs
Creating a Node
Accepting Nodes for Management
Management Nodes
Managing Node Labels
Managing Node Taints
Resetting a Node
Removing a Node
Synchronizing the Data of Cloud Servers
Draining a Node
Deleting or Unsubscribing from a Node
Changing the Billing Mode of a Node to Yearly/Monthly
Modifying the Auto-Renewal Configuration of a Yearly/Monthly Node
Stopping a Node
Node O&M
Node Resource Reservation Policy
Space Allocation of a Data Disk
Maximum Number of Pods That Can Be Created on a Node
Differences in kubelet and Runtime Component Configurations Between CCE and the Native Community
Migrating Nodes from Docker to containerd
Optimizing Node System Parameters
Optimizable Node System Parameters
Changing the RuntimeMaxUse of the Memory Used by the Log Cache on a Node
Changing the Maximum Number of File Handles
Modifying Node Kernel Parameters
Changing Process ID Limits (kernel.pid_max)
Configuring Node Fault Detection Policies
Node Pools
Node Pool Overview
Upgrading to New Node Pools
Creating a Node Pool
Scaling a Node Pool
Managing a Node Pool
Updating a Node Pool
Updating an AS Configuration
Modifying Node Pool Configurations
Accepting Nodes in a Node Pool
Copying a Node Pool
Synchronizing Node Pools
Upgrading an OS
Migrating a Node
Deleting a Node Pool
Workloads
Overview
Creating a Workload
Creating a Deployment
Creating a StatefulSet
Creating a DaemonSet
Creating a Job
Creating a Cron Job
Configuring a Workload
Configuring Time Zone Synchronization
Configuring an Image Pull Policy
Using Third-Party Images
Configuring Container Specifications
Configuring Container Lifecycle Parameters
Configuring Container Health Check
Configuring Environment Variables
Configuring Workload Upgrade Policies
Configuring Tolerance Policies
Configuring Labels and Annotations
Scheduling a Workload
Overview
Configuring Specified Node Scheduling (nodeSelector)
Configuring Node Affinity Scheduling (nodeAffinity)
Configuring Workload Affinity or Anti-affinity Scheduling (podAffinity or podAntiAffinity)
Logging In to a Container
Managing Workloads
Pod Security
Configuring a Pod Security Policy
Configuring Pod Security Admission
Scheduling
Overview
CPU Scheduling
CPU Policy
Enhanced CPU Policy
GPU Scheduling
Default GPU Scheduling in Kubernetes
GPU Virtualization
Overview
Preparing xGPU Resources
Using GPU Virtualization
Supporting Kubernetes' Default GPU Scheduling
Monitoring GPU Metrics
Configuring Workload Scaling Based on GPU Monitoring Metrics
NPU Scheduling
Volcano Scheduling
Scheduling Workloads
Resource Usage-based Scheduling
Bin Packing
Descheduling
Node Pool Affinity
Load-aware Scheduling
Configuration Cases for Resource Usage-based Scheduling
Priority-based Scheduling
Priority-based Scheduling
AI Performance-based Scheduling
DRF
Gang
NUMA Affinity Scheduling
Application Scaling Priority Policies
Cloud Native Hybrid Deployment
Overview
Dynamic Resource Oversubscription
CPU Burst
Guaranteed Egress Network Bandwidth
Network
Overview
Container Network
Overview
Cloud Native Network 2.0 Settings
Cloud Native 2.0 Network Model
Configuring Pod Subnets of a Cluster
Binding a Security Group to a Workload Using a Security Group Policy
Binding a Subnet and Security Group to a Namespace or Workload Using a Container Network Configuration
Configuring Shared Bandwidth for a Pod with IPv6 Dual-Stack ENIs
VPC Network Settings
VPC Network Model
Adding a Container CIDR Block for a Cluster
Tunnel Network Settings
Tunnel Network Model
Pod Network Settings
Configuring hostNetwork for Pods
Configuring QoS for a Pod
Configuring Network Policies to Restrict Pod Access
Service
Overview
ClusterIP
NodePort
LoadBalancer
Creating a LoadBalancer Service
Configuring LoadBalancer Services Using Annotations
Configuring HTTP/HTTPS for a LoadBalancer Service
Configuring SNI for a LoadBalancer Service
Configuring HTTP/2 for a LoadBalancer Service
Configuring Timeout for a LoadBalancer Service
Configuring Health Check on Multiple Ports of a LoadBalancer Service
Configuring Passthrough Networking for a LoadBalancer Service
Setting the Pod Ready Status Through the ELB Health Check
Headless Services
Ingresses
Overview
LoadBalancer Ingresses
Creating a LoadBalancer Ingress on the Console
Creating a LoadBalancer Ingress Using kubectl
Annotations for Configuring LoadBalancer Ingresses
Advanced Setting Examples of LoadBalancer Ingresses
Configuring an HTTPS Certificate for a LoadBalancer Ingress
Configuring SNI for a LoadBalancer Ingress
Configuring Multiple Forwarding Policies for a LoadBalancer Ingress
Configuring HTTP/2 for a LoadBalancer Ingress
Configuring HTTPS Backend Services for a LoadBalancer Ingress
Configuring Timeout for a LoadBalancer Ingress
Configuring a Slow Start for a LoadBalancer Ingress
Configuring a Range of Listening Ports for a LoadBalancer Ingress
Nginx Ingresses
Creating an Nginx Ingress on the Console
Creating an Nginx Ingress Using kubectl
Annotations for Configuring Nginx Ingresses
Advanced Setting Examples of Nginx Ingresses
Configuring an HTTPS Certificate for an Nginx Ingress
Configuring Redirection Rules for an Nginx Ingress
Configuring URL Rewriting Rules for an Nginx Ingress
Configuring HTTPS Backend Services for an Nginx Ingress
Configuring Consistent Hashing for Load Balancing of an Nginx Ingress
DNS
Overview
DNS Configuration
Using CoreDNS for Custom Domain Name Resolution
Using NodeLocal DNSCache to Improve DNS Performance
Configuring Intra-VPC Access
Accessing the Internet from a Container
Storage
Overview
Storage Basics
Elastic Volume Service
Overview
Using an Existing EVS Disk Through a Static PV
Using an EVS Disk Through a Dynamic PV
Dynamically Mounting an EVS Disk to a StatefulSet
Snapshots and Backups
Scalable File Service
Overview
Using an Existing SFS File System Through a Static PV
Using an SFS File System Through a Dynamic PV
Configuring SFS Volume Mount Options
SFS Turbo
Overview
Using an Existing SFS Turbo File System Through a Static PV
Configuring SFS Turbo Mount Options
Dynamically Creating an SFS Turbo Subdirectory Using StorageClass
Object Storage Service
Overview
Using an Existing OBS Bucket Through a Static PV
Using an OBS Bucket Through a Dynamic PV
Configuring OBS Mount Options
Using a Custom Access Key (AK/SK) to Mount an OBS Volume
Local PVs
Overview
Importing a PV to a Storage Pool
Using a Local PV Through a Dynamic PV
Dynamically Mounting a Local PV to a StatefulSet
Ephemeral Volumes
Overview
Importing an EV to a Storage Pool
Using a Local EV
Using a Temporary Path
hostPath
StorageClass
Observability
Logging
Overview
Collecting Container Logs
Collecting Container Logs Using ICAgent
Collecting Control Plane Component Logs
Collecting Kubernetes Audit Logs
Best Practices
Monitoring Custom Metrics Using Cloud Native Cluster Monitoring
Monitoring Custom Metrics on AOM
Monitoring Metrics of Master Node Components Using Prometheus
Auto Scaling
Overview
Scaling a Workload
Workload Scaling Rules
Creating an HPA Policy
Creating a Scheduled CronHPA Policy
Creating a CustomedHPA Policy
Managing Workload Scaling Policies
Scaling a Node
Node Scaling Rules
Creating a Node Scaling Policy
Managing Node Scaling Policies
Using HPA and CA for Auto Scaling of Workloads and Nodes
Namespaces
Creating a Namespace
Managing Namespaces
Configuring Resource Quotas
ConfigMaps and Secrets
Creating a ConfigMap
Using a ConfigMap
Creating a Secret
Using a Secret
Cluster Secrets
Add-ons
Overview
Scheduling and Elasticity Add-ons
Volcano Scheduler
CCE Cluster Autoscaler
CCE Advanced HPA
Cloud Native Observability Add-ons
Cloud Native Cluster Monitoring
CCE Node Problem Detector
CCE Network Metrics Exporter
Kubernetes Metrics Server
Prometheus
Cloud Native Heterogeneous Computing Add-ons
CCE AI Suite (NVIDIA GPU)
CCE AI Suite (Ascend NPU)
Container Network Add-ons
CoreDNS
NGINX Ingress Controller
NodeLocal DNSCache
Container Storage Add-ons
CCE Container Storage (Everest)
Other Add-ons
Kubernetes Dashboard
Helm Chart
Overview of a Chart
Deploying an Application from a Chart
Differences Between Helm v2 and Helm v3 and Adaptation Solutions
Deploying an Application Through the Helm v2 Client
Deploying an Application Through the Helm v3 Client
Converting a Release from Helm v2 to v3
Permissions
Permissions Overview
Granting Cluster Permissions to an IAM User
Namespace Permissions (Kubernetes RBAC-based)
Example: Designing and Configuring Permissions for Users in a Department
Permission Dependency of the CCE Console
Service Account Token Security Improvement
Settings
Dashboard
Cluster Access
Network
Scheduling
Auto Scaling
Kubernetes
Heterogeneous Resources
Old Console
What Is Cloud Container Engine?
High-Risk Operations and Solutions
Clusters
Cluster Overview
Buying a CCE Cluster
Using kubectl to Run a Cluster
Connecting to a Cluster Using kubectl
Common kubectl Commands
kubectl Usage Guide
Setting Cluster Auto Scaling
Upgrading a Cluster
Overview
Before You Start
Performing Replace/Rolling Upgrade (v1.13 and Earlier)
Performing In-place Upgrade (v1.15 and Later)
Migrating Services Across Clusters of Different Versions
CCE Kubernetes Release Notes
Managing a Cluster
Deleting a Cluster (Pay-per-Use)
Deleting, Unsubscribing From, or Releasing a Yearly/Monthly-Billed Cluster
Renewing a Yearly/Monthly-Billed Cluster
Hibernating and Waking Up a Cluster (Pay-per-Use)
Changing the Billing Mode from Pay-per-Use to Yearly/Monthly
Configuring Kubernetes Parameters
Obtaining a Cluster Certificate
Changing Cluster Scale
Controlling Cluster Permissions
Cluster Parameters
Maximum Number of Pods That Can Be Created on a Node
Comparing iptables and IPVS
CPU Policy
Nodes
Overview
Buying a Node
Accepting ECSs as Nodes into a Cluster
Removing a Node
Logging In to a Node
Managing Node Labels
Synchronizing Node Data
Configuring Node Scheduling (Tainting)
Resetting a Node
Deleting a Node
Stopping a Node
Performing Rolling Upgrade for Nodes
Formula for Calculating the Reserved Resources of a Node
Creating a Linux LVM Disk Partition for Docker
Data Disk Space Allocation
Adding a Second Data Disk to a Node in a CCE Cluster
Node Pools
Node Pool Overview
Creating a Node Pool
Managing a Node Pool
Workloads
Overview
Creating a Deployment
Creating a StatefulSet
Creating a DaemonSet
Creating a Job
Creating a Cron Job
Managing Pods
GPU Scheduling
NPU Scheduling
Managing Workloads and Jobs
Scaling a Workload
Configuring a Container
Using a Third-Party Image
Setting Container Specifications
Setting Container Lifecycle Parameters
Setting Container Startup Commands
Setting Health Check for a Container
Setting an Environment Variable
Enabling ICMP Security Group Rules
Configuring an Image Pull Policy
Configuring Time Zone Synchronization
DNS Configuration
Pod Scale-in Priorities
Configuring QoS Rate Limiting for Inter-Pod Access
Adding Pod Annotations
Affinity and Anti-Affinity Scheduling
Scheduling Policy Overview
Custom Scheduling Policies
Node Affinity
Workload Affinity
Workload Anti-Affinity
Simple Scheduling Policies
Workload-AZ Affinity
Workload-AZ Anti-Affinity
Workload-Node Affinity
Workload-Node Anti-Affinity
Workload-Workload Affinity
Workload-Workload Anti-Affinity
Networking
Overview
Container Network Models
Overview
Container Tunnel Network
VPC Network
Services
Overview
Intra-Cluster Access (ClusterIP)
NodePort
LoadBalancer
Service Annotations
Ingress
Overview
Using ELB Ingresses on the Console
Using kubectl to Create an ELB Ingress
Using Nginx Ingresses on the Console
DNS
Overview
DNS Configuration
Using CoreDNS for Custom Domain Name Resolution
Using NodeLocal DNSCache to Improve DNS Performance
How Does a Container Access an Intranet in a VPC?
Accessing Public Networks from a Container
Configuring Network Policies to Restrict Pod Access
Storage (CSI)
Overview
Using Local Disks as Storage Volumes
PersistentVolumes (PVs)
PersistentVolumeClaims (PVCs)
StorageClass
Snapshots and Backups
Using a Custom AK/SK to Mount an OBS Volume
Setting Mount Options
Deployment Examples
EVS Volumes
Using EVS Volumes
Creating a Pod Mounted with an EVS Volume
SFS Turbo Volumes
Using SFS Turbo Volumes
Creating a Deployment Mounted with an SFS Turbo Volume
Creating a StatefulSet Mounted with an SFS Turbo Volume
OBS Volumes
Using OBS Volumes
Creating a Deployment Mounted with an OBS Volume
Creating a StatefulSet Mounted with an OBS Volume
SFS Volumes
Using SFS Volumes
Creating a Deployment Mounted with an SFS Volume
Creating a StatefulSet Mounted with an SFS Volume
Monitoring and Logs
Monitoring Overview
Custom Monitoring
Monitoring by Using the prometheus Add-on
Container Logs
Namespaces
Creating a Namespace
Managing Namespaces
Configuring a Namespace-level Network Policy
Setting a Resource Quota
Configuration Center
Creating a ConfigMap
Using a ConfigMap
Creating a Secret
Using a Secret
Cluster Secrets
Charts (Helm)
My Charts
Overview
Preparing a Chart
Uploading a Chart
Creating a Workload from a Chart
Add-ons
Overview
coredns (System Resource Add-on, Mandatory)
everest (System Resource Add-on, Mandatory)
autoscaler
nginx-ingress
metrics-server
cce-hpa-controller
prometheus
gpu-beta
huawei-npu
node-local-dns
Auto Scaling
Overview
Scaling a Workload
Workload Scaling Mechanisms
Creating an HPA Policy for Workload Auto Scaling
Creating a CustomedHPA Policy for Workload Auto Scaling
Managing Workload Scaling Policies
Scaling a Cluster/Node
Node Scaling Mechanisms
Creating a Node Scaling Policy
Managing Node Scaling Policies
Using HPA and CA for Auto Scaling of Workloads and Nodes
Permissions Management
Permissions Overview
Cluster Permissions (IAM-based)
Namespace Permissions (Kubernetes RBAC-based)
Example: Designing and Configuring Permissions for Users in a Department
Permission Dependency of the CCE Console
Pod Security
Configuring a Pod Security Policy
Configuring Pod Security Admission
Service Account Token Security Improvement
Cloud Trace Service (CTS)
CCE Operations Supported by CTS
Querying CTS Logs
Best Practices
Checklist for Deploying Containerized Applications in the Cloud
Containerization
Containerizing an Enterprise Application (ERP)
Solution Overview
Procedure
Containerizing an Entire Application
Containerization Process
Analyzing the Application
Preparing the Application Runtime
Compiling a Startup Script
Compiling the Dockerfile
Building and Uploading an Image
Creating a Container Workload
Migration
Migrating Kubernetes Clusters to CCE
Solution Overview
Planning Resources for the Target Cluster
Procedure
Migrating Resources Outside a Cluster
Installing the Migration Tool
Migrating Resources in a Cluster
Updating Resources Accordingly
Performing Additional Tasks
Troubleshooting
Disaster Recovery
Recommended Configurations for HA CCE Clusters
Implementing High Availability for Applications in CCE
Implementing High Availability for Add-ons in CCE
Security
Configuration Suggestions on CCE Cluster Security
Configuration Suggestions on CCE Node Security
Configuration Suggestions on CCE Container Runtime Security
Configuration Suggestions on CCE Container Security
Configuration Suggestions on CCE Container Image Security
Configuration Suggestions on CCE Secret Security
Auto Scaling
Using HPA and CA for Auto Scaling of Workloads and Nodes
Monitoring
Monitoring Multiple Clusters Using Prometheus
Reporting Prometheus Monitoring Data to a Third-Party Monitoring Platform
Cluster
Suggestions on CCE Cluster Selection
Creating a Custom CCE Node Image
Connecting to Multiple Clusters Using kubectl
Selecting a Data Disk for the Node
Protecting a CCE Cluster Against Overload
Networking
Planning CIDR Blocks for a Cluster
Selecting a Network Model
Implementing Sticky Session Through Load Balancing
Pre-Binding Container ENI for CCE Turbo Clusters
Accessing an IP Address Outside a Cluster That Uses a VPC Network Using Source Pod IP Addresses in the Cluster
Storage
Expanding the Storage Space
Mounting Object Storage Across Accounts
Dynamically Creating an SFS Turbo Subdirectory Using StorageClass
Using Custom Storage Classes
Scheduling EVS Disks Across AZs Using csi-disk-topology
Container
Properly Allocating Container Computing Resources
Modifying Kernel Parameters Using a Privileged Container
Using Init Containers to Initialize an Application
Configuring the /etc/hosts File of a Pod Using hostAliases
Locating Container Faults Using the Core Dump File
Permission
Configuring kubeconfig for Fine-Grained Management on Cluster Resources
Release
Overview
Using Services to Implement Simple Grayscale Release and Blue-Green Deployment
Using Nginx Ingress to Implement Grayscale Release and Blue-Green Deployment
API Reference
Before You Start
Overview
API Calling
Endpoints
Constraints
Concepts
API Overview
Calling APIs
Making an API Request
Authentication
Response
APIs
API URL
Cluster Management
Creating a Cluster
Reading a Specified Cluster
Listing Clusters in a Specified Project
Updating a Specified Cluster
Deleting a Cluster
Hibernating a Cluster
Waking Up a Cluster
Obtaining a Cluster Certificate
Modifying Cluster Specifications
Querying a Job
Binding/Unbinding Public API Server Address
Obtaining Cluster Access Address
Obtaining a Cluster's Logging Configurations
Configuring Cluster Logs
Obtaining the Partition List
Creating a Partition
Obtaining Partition Details
Updating a Partition
Node Management
Creating a Node
Reading a Specified Node
Listing All Nodes in a Cluster
Updating a Specified Node
Deleting a Node
Accepting a Node
Resetting a Node
Removing a Node
Migrating a Node
Node Pool Management
Creating a Node Pool
Reading a Specified Node Pool
Listing All Node Pools in a Specified Cluster
Updating a Specified Node Pool
Deleting a Node Pool
Storage Management
Creating a PVC (to be discarded)
Deleting a PVC (to be discarded)
Add-on Management
Installing an Add-on Instance
Listing Add-on Templates
Updating an Add-on Instance
Rolling Back an Add-on Instance
Deleting an Add-on Instance
Querying an Add-on Instance
Listing Add-on Instances
Cluster Upgrade
Upgrading a Cluster
Obtaining Cluster Upgrade Task Details
Retrying a Cluster Upgrade Task
Suspending a Cluster Upgrade Task (Deprecated)
Continuing to Execute a Cluster Upgrade Task (Deprecated)
Obtaining a List of Cluster Upgrade Task Details
Pre-upgrade Check
Obtaining Details About a Pre-upgrade Check Task of a Cluster
Obtaining a List of Pre-upgrade Check Tasks of a Cluster
Post-upgrade Check
Cluster Backup
Obtaining a List of Cluster Backup Task Details
Obtaining the Cluster Upgrade Information
Obtaining a Cluster Upgrade Path
Obtaining the Configuration of Cluster Upgrade Feature Gates
Enabling the Cluster Upgrade Process Booting Task
Obtaining a List of Upgrade Workflows
Obtaining Details About a Specified Cluster Upgrade Task
Updating the Status of a Specified Cluster Upgrade Booting Task
Quota Management
Querying Resource Quotas
API Versions
Obtaining API Versions
Tag Management
Adding Resource Tags to a Specified Cluster in Batches
Deleting Resource Tags of a Specified Cluster in Batches
Configuration Management
Obtaining the Parameters That Can Be Configured for a Node Pool
Obtaining the List of Parameters That Can Be Configured for a Cluster
Obtaining the Parameters That Can Be Configured for a Node Pool
Changing the Values of Configuration Parameters of a Node Pool
Chart Management
Uploading a Chart
Obtaining a Chart List
Obtaining a Release List
Updating a Chart
Creating a Release
Deleting a Chart
Updating a Release
Obtaining a Chart
Deleting a Release
Downloading a Chart
Obtaining a Release
Obtaining Chart Values
Obtaining Historical Records of a Release
Obtaining the Quota of a User Chart
Kubernetes APIs
Permissions and Supported Actions
Appendix
Status Code
Error Codes
Obtaining a Project ID
Obtaining an Account ID
Specifying Add-ons to Be Installed During Cluster Creation
How to Obtain Parameters in the API URI
Creating a VPC and Subnet
Creating a Key Pair
Node Flavor Description
Adding a Salt in the password Field When Creating a Node
Maximum Number of Pods That Can Be Created on a Node
Node OS
Data Disk Space Allocation
Attaching Disks to a Node
SDK Reference
SDK Overview
FAQs
Common FAQ
Billing
How Is CCE Billed?
How Do I Change the Billing Mode of a CCE Cluster from Pay-per-Use to Yearly/Monthly?
Can I Change the Billing Mode of CCE Nodes from Pay-per-Use to Yearly/Monthly?
Can I Delete a Yearly/Monthly-Billed CCE Cluster Directly When It Expires?
Cluster
Cluster Creation
Why Cannot I Create a CCE Cluster?
Is Management Scale of a Cluster Related to the Number of Master Nodes?
How Do I Update the Root Certificate When Creating a CCE Cluster?
Which Resource Quotas Should I Pay Attention To When Using CCE?
Cluster Running
How Do I Locate the Fault When a Cluster Is Unavailable?
How Do I Retrieve Data After a CCE Cluster Is Deleted?
Cluster Deletion
What Can I Do If a Cluster Deletion Fails Due to Residual Resources in the Security Group?
How Do I Clear Residual Resources After Deleting a Non-Running Cluster?
Cluster Upgrade
What Do I Do If a Cluster Add-On Fails to be Upgraded During the CCE Cluster Upgrade?
Node
Node Creation
How Do I Troubleshoot Problems Occurred When Adding Nodes to a CCE Cluster?
How Do I Troubleshoot Problems Occurred When Accepting Nodes into a CCE Cluster?
What Should I Do If a Node Fails to Be Accepted Because It Fails to Be Installed?
Node Running
What Should I Do If a Cluster Is Available But Some Nodes Are Unavailable?
How Do I Log In to a Node Using a Password and Reset the Password?
How Do I Collect Logs of Nodes in a CCE Cluster?
What Should I Do If the vdb Disk of a Node Is Damaged and the Node Cannot Be Recovered After Reset?
What Should I Do If I/O Suspension Occasionally Occurs When SCSI EVS Disks Are Used?
How Do I Fix an Abnormal Container or Node Due to No Thin Pool Disk Space?
How Do I Rectify Failures When the NVIDIA Driver Is Used to Start Containers on GPU Nodes?
Specification Change
How Do I Change the Node Specifications in a CCE Cluster?
What Should I Do If I Fail to Restart or Create Workloads on a Node After Modifying the Node Specifications?
OSs
What Should I Do If There Is a Service Access Failure After a Backend Service Upgrade or a 1-Second Latency When a Service Accesses a CCE Cluster?
Node Pool
What Should I Do If a Node Pool Is Abnormal?
What Should I Do If No Node Creation Record Is Displayed When the Node Pool Is Being Expanding?
What Should I Do If a Node Pool Scale-Out Fails?
How Do I Modify ECS Configurations When an ECS Cannot Be Managed by a Node Pool?
Workload
Workload Exception Troubleshooting
How Can I Find the Fault for an Abnormal Workload?
What Should I Do If Pod Scheduling Fails?
What Should I Do If a Pod Fails to Pull the Image?
What Should I Do If Container Startup Fails?
What Should I Do If a Pod Fails to Be Evicted?
What Should I Do If a Storage Volume Cannot Be Mounted or the Mounting Times Out?
What Should I Do If a Workload Remains in the Creating State?
What Should I Do If a Pod Remains in the Terminating State?
What Should I Do If a Workload Is Stopped Caused by Pod Deletion?
What Should I Do If an Error Occurs When I Deploy a Service on the GPU Node?
How Can I Locate Faults Using an Exit Code?
Container Configuration
When Is Pre-stop Processing Used?
How Do I Set an FQDN for Accessing a Specified Container in the Same Namespace?
What Should I Do If Health Check Probes Occasionally Fail?
How Do I Set the umask Value for a Container?
What Is the Retry Mechanism When CCE Fails to Start a Pod?
Scheduling Policies
How Do I Evenly Distribute Multiple Pods to Each Node?
How Do I Prevent a Container on a Node from Being Evicted?
Why Are Pods Not Evenly Distributed on Nodes?
How Do I Evict All Pods on a Node?
Why Cannot a Pod Be Scheduled to a Node?
Others
What Should I Do If a Cron Job Cannot Be Restarted After Being Stopped for a Period of Time?
What Is a Headless Service When I Create a StatefulSet?
What Should I Do If Error Message "Auth is empty" Is Displayed When a Private Image Is Pulled?
What Is the Image Pull Policy for Containers in a CCE Cluster?
What Can I Do If a Layer Is Missing During Image Pull?
Networking
Network Exception Troubleshooting
How Do I Locate a Workload Networking Fault?
Why Does the Browser Return Error Code 404 When I Access a Deployed Application?
What Should I Do If a Container Fails to Access the Internet?
What Should I Do If a Node Fails to Connect to the Internet (Public Network)?
What Should I Do If Nginx Ingress Access in the Cluster Is Abnormal After the NGINX Ingress Controller Add-on Is Upgraded?
What Could Cause Access Exceptions After Configuring an HTTPS Certificate for a LoadBalancer Ingress?
Network Planning
What Is the Relationship Between Clusters, VPCs, and Subnets?
How Can I Configure a Security Group Rule in a Cluster?
Security Hardening
How Do I Prevent Cluster Nodes from Being Exposed to Public Networks?
How Do I Configure an Access Policy for a Cluster?
How Do I Change the Security Group of Nodes in a Cluster in Batches?
Network Configuration
How Can Container IP Addresses Survive a Container Restart?
How Can I Check Whether an ENI Is Used by a Cluster?
How Can I Delete a Security Group Rule Associated with a Deleted Subnet?
How Can I Synchronize Certificates When Multiple Ingresses in Different Namespaces Share a Listener?
How Can I Determine Which Ingress the Listener Settings Have Been Applied To?
Storage
How Do I Expand the Storage Capacity of a Container?
What Are the Differences Among CCE Storage Classes in Terms of Persistent Storage and Multi-Node Mounting?
Can I Create a CCE Node Without Adding a Data Disk to the Node?
What Should I Do If the Host Cannot Be Found When Files Need to Be Uploaded to OBS During the Access to the CCE Service from a Public Network?
How Can I Achieve Compatibility Between ExtendPathMode and Kubernetes client-go?
Can CCE PVCs Detect Underlying Storage Faults?
What Should I Do If a Yearly/Monthly EVS Disk Cannot Be Automatically Created?
Namespace
What Should I Do If a Namespace Fails to Be Deleted Due to an APIService Object Access Failure?
Chart and Add-on
What Should I Do If Installation of an Add-on Fails and "The release name is already exist" Is Displayed?
How Do I Configure the Add-on Resource Quotas Based on Cluster Scale?
How Can I Clean Up Residual Resources After the NGINX Ingress Controller Add-on in the Unknown State Is Deleted?
Why TLS v1.0 and v1.1 Cannot Be Used After the NGINX Ingress Controller Add-on Is Upgraded?
API & kubectl FAQs
How Can I Access a Cluster API Server?
Can the Resources Created Using APIs or kubectl Be Displayed on the CCE Console?
How Do I Download kubeconfig for Connecting to a Cluster Using kubectl?
How Do I Rectify the Error Reported When Running the kubectl top node Command?
Why Is "Error from server (Forbidden)" Displayed When I Use kubectl?
DNS FAQs
What Should I Do If Domain Name Resolution Fails in a CCE Cluster?
Why Does a Container in a CCE Cluster Fail to Perform DNS Resolution?
How Do I Optimize the Configuration If the External Domain Name Resolution Is Slow or Times Out?
How Do I Configure a DNS Policy for a Container?
Image Repository FAQs
How Do I Upload My Images to CCE?
Permissions
Can I Configure Only Namespace Permissions Without Cluster Management Permissions?
Can I Use CCE APIs If the Cluster Management Permissions Are Not Configured?
Can I Use kubectl If the Cluster Management Permissions Are Not Configured?
Videos