- What's New
- Function Overview
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Product Bulletin
- Latest Notices
- Product Change Notices
- Cluster Version Release Notes
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Vulnerability Notices
- Vulnerability Fixing Policies
- Notice of Container Escape Vulnerability in NVIDIA Container Toolkit (CVE-2024-0132)
- Notice of Linux Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in CUPS (CVE-2024-47076, CVE-2024-47175, CVE-2024-47176, and CVE-2024-47177)
- Notice of the NGINX Ingress Controller Vulnerability That Allows Attackers to Bypass Annotation Validation (CVE-2024-7646)
- Notice of Docker Engine Vulnerability That Allows Attackers to Bypass AuthZ (CVE-2024-41110)
- Notice of Linux Kernel Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2024-1086)
- Notice of OpenSSH Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2024-6387)
- Notice of runC systemd Attribute Injection Vulnerability (CVE-2024-3154)
- Notice of the Impact of runC Vulnerability (CVE-2024-21626)
- Notice on the Kubernetes Security Vulnerability (CVE-2022-3172)
- Privilege Escalation Vulnerability in Linux Kernel openvswitch Module (CVE-2022-2639)
- Notice on nginx-ingress Add-On Security Vulnerability (CVE-2021-25748)
- Notice on nginx-ingress Security Vulnerabilities (CVE-2021-25745 and CVE-2021-25746)
- Notice on the containerd Process Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2022-24769)
- Notice on CRI-O Container Runtime Engine Arbitrary Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2022-0811)
- Notice on the Container Escape Vulnerability Caused by the Linux Kernel (CVE-2022-0492)
- Notice on the Non-Security Handling Vulnerability of containerd Image Volumes (CVE-2022-23648)
- Linux Kernel Integer Overflow Vulnerability (CVE-2022-0185)
- Linux Polkit Privilege Escalation Vulnerability (CVE-2021-4034)
- Notice on the Vulnerability of Kubernetes subPath Symlink Exchange (CVE-2021-25741)
- Notice of runC Vulnerability That Allows a Container Filesystem Breakout via Directory Traversal (CVE-2021-30465)
- Notice on the Docker Resource Management Vulnerability (CVE-2021-21285)
- Notice of NVIDIA GPU Driver Vulnerability (CVE-2021-1056)
- Notice on the Sudo Buffer Vulnerability (CVE-2021-3156)
- Notice on the Kubernetes Security Vulnerability (CVE-2020-8554)
- Notice of Apache containerd Security Vulnerability (CVE-2020-15257)
- Notice on the Docker Engine Input Verification Vulnerability (CVE-2020-13401)
- Notice of Kubernetes kube-apiserver Input Verification Vulnerability (CVE-2020-8559)
- Notice on the Kubernetes kubelet Resource Management Vulnerability (CVE-2020-8557)
- Notice on the Kubernetes kubelet and kube-proxy Authorization Vulnerability (CVE-2020-8558)
- Notice on Fixing Kubernetes HTTP/2 Vulnerability
- Notice on Fixing Linux Kernel SACK Vulnerabilities
- Notice on Fixing the Docker Command Injection Vulnerability (CVE-2019-5736)
- Notice on Fixing the Kubernetes Permission and Access Control Vulnerability (CVE-2018-1002105)
- Notice of Fixing the Kubernetes Dashboard Security Vulnerability (CVE-2018-18264)
-
Product Release Notes
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Cluster Versions
- Kubernetes Version Policy
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Kubernetes Version Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.29 Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.28 Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.27 Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.25 Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.23 Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.21 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.19 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.17 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.15 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.13 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.11 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.9 (EOM) and Earlier Versions Release Notes
- Patch Versions
- OS Images
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Add-on Versions
- CoreDNS Release History
- CCE Container Storage (Everest) Release History
- CCE Node Problem Detector Release History
- Kubernetes Dashboard Release History
- CCE Cluster Autoscaler Release History
- NGINX Ingress Controller Release History
- Kubernetes Metrics Server Release History
- CCE Advanced HPA Release History
- CCE Cloud Bursting Engine for CCI Release History
- CCE AI Suite (NVIDIA GPU) Release History
- CCE AI Suite (Ascend NPU) Release History
- Volcano Scheduler Release History
- CCE Secrets Manager for DEW Release History
- CCE Network Metrics Exporter Release History
- NodeLocal DNSCache Release History
- Cloud Native Cluster Monitoring Release History
- Cloud Native Logging Release History
- CCE Cluster Backup & Recovery (End of Maintenance) Release History
- Kubernetes Web Terminal (End of Maintenance) Release History
- Prometheus (End of Maintenance) Release History
-
Cluster Versions
- Service Overview
- Billing
- Kubernetes Basics
- Getting Started
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User Guide
- High-Risk Operations
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Clusters
-
Cluster Overview
- Basic Cluster Information
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Kubernetes Version Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.29 Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.28 Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.27 Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.25 Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.23 Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.21 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.19 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.17 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.15 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.13 (EOM) Release Notes
- Kubernetes 1.11 (EOM) Release Notes
- Release Notes for Kubernetes 1.9 (EOM) and Earlier Versions
- Patch Version Release Notes
- Buying a Cluster
- Connecting to a Cluster
-
Managing a Cluster
- Modifying Cluster Configurations
- Enabling Overload Control for a Cluster
- Changing Cluster Scale
- Changing the Default Security Group of a Node
- Deleting a Cluster
- Hibernating or Waking Up a Cluster
- Renewing a Yearly/Monthly Cluster
- Changing the Billing Mode of a Cluster from Pay-per-Use to Yearly/Monthly
-
Upgrading a Cluster
- Process and Method of Upgrading a Cluster
- Before You Start
- Performing Post-Upgrade Verification
- Migrating Services Across Clusters of Different Versions
-
Troubleshooting for Pre-upgrade Check Exceptions
- Pre-upgrade Check
- Node Restrictions
- Upgrade Management
- Add-ons
- Helm Charts
- SSH Connectivity of Master Nodes
- Node Pools
- Security Groups
- Arm Node Restrictions
- Residual Nodes
- Discarded Kubernetes Resources
- Compatibility Risks
- CCE Agent Versions
- Node CPU Usage
- CRDs
- Node Disks
- Node DNS
- Node Key Directory File Permissions
- kubelet
- Node Memory
- Node Clock Synchronization Server
- Node OS
- Node CPU Cores
- Node Python Commands
- ASM Version
- Node Readiness
- Node journald
- containerd.sock
- Internal Error
- Node Mount Points
- Kubernetes Node Taints
- Everest Restrictions
- cce-hpa-controller Limitations
- Enhanced CPU Policies
- Health of Worker Node Components
- Health of Master Node Components
- Memory Resource Limit of Kubernetes Components
- Discarded Kubernetes APIs
- IPv6 Support in CCE Turbo Clusters
- NetworkManager
- Node ID File
- Node Configuration Consistency
- Node Configuration File
- CoreDNS Configuration Consistency
- sudo
- Key Node Commands
- Mounting of a Sock File on a Node
- HTTPS Load Balancer Certificate Consistency
- Node Mounting
- Login Permissions of User paas on a Node
- Private IPv4 Addresses of Load Balancers
- Historical Upgrade Records
- CIDR Block of the Cluster Management Plane
- GPU Add-on
- Nodes' System Parameters
- Residual Package Version Data
- Node Commands
- Node Swap
- nginx-ingress Upgrade
- ELB Listener Access Control
- Master Node Flavor
- Subnet Quota of Master Nodes
- Node Runtime
- Node Pool Runtime
- Number of Node Images
- OpenKruise Compatibility Check
- Compatibility Check of Secret Encryption
- Compatibility Between the Ubuntu Kernel and GPU Driver
- Drainage Tasks
- Image Layers on a Node
- Cluster Rolling Upgrade
- Rotation Certificates
- Ingress and ELB Configuration Consistency
-
Cluster Overview
-
Nodes
- Node Overview
- Container Engines
- Node OSs
- Creating a Node
- Accepting Nodes for Management
-
Management Nodes
- Managing Node Labels
- Managing Node Taints
- Resetting a Node
- Removing a Node
- Synchronizing the Data of Cloud Servers
- Draining a Node
- Deleting or Unsubscribing from a Node
- Changing the Billing Mode of a Node to Yearly/Monthly
- Modifying the Auto-Renewal Configuration of a Yearly/Monthly Node
- Stopping a Node
-
Node O&M
- Node Resource Reservation Policy
- Space Allocation of a Data Disk
- Maximum Number of Pods That Can Be Created on a Node
- Differences in kubelet and Runtime Component Configurations Between CCE and the Native Community
- Migrating Nodes from Docker to containerd
- Optimizing Node System Parameters
- Configuring Node Fault Detection Policies
- Node Pools
-
Workloads
- Overview
- Creating a Workload
-
Configuring a Workload
- Configuring Time Zone Synchronization
- Configuring an Image Pull Policy
- Using Third-Party Images
- Configuring Container Specifications
- Configuring Container Lifecycle Parameters
- Configuring Container Health Check
- Configuring Environment Variables
- Configuring Workload Upgrade Policies
- Configuring Tolerance Policies
- Configuring Labels and Annotations
- Scheduling a Workload
- Logging In to a Container
- Managing Workloads
- Pod Security
- Scheduling
-
Network
- Overview
-
Container Network
- Overview
-
Cloud Native Network 2.0 Settings
- Cloud Native 2.0 Network Model
- Configuring Pod Subnets of a Cluster
- Binding a Security Group to a Workload Using a Security Group Policy
- Binding a Subnet and Security Group to a Namespace or Workload Using a Container Network Configuration
- Configuring Shared Bandwidth for a Pod with IPv6 Dual-Stack ENIs
- VPC Network Settings
- Tunnel Network Settings
- Pod Network Settings
-
Service
- Overview
- ClusterIP
- NodePort
-
LoadBalancer
- Creating a LoadBalancer Service
- Configuring LoadBalancer Services Using Annotations
- Configuring HTTP/HTTPS for a LoadBalancer Service
- Configuring SNI for a LoadBalancer Service
- Configuring HTTP/2 for a LoadBalancer Service
- Configuring Timeout for a LoadBalancer Service
- Configuring Health Check on Multiple Ports of a LoadBalancer Service
- Configuring Passthrough Networking for a LoadBalancer Service
- Setting the Pod Ready Status Through the ELB Health Check
- Headless Services
-
Ingresses
- Overview
-
LoadBalancer Ingresses
- Creating a LoadBalancer Ingress on the Console
- Creating a LoadBalancer Ingress Using kubectl
- Annotations for Configuring LoadBalancer Ingresses
-
Advanced Setting Examples of LoadBalancer Ingresses
- Configuring an HTTPS Certificate for a LoadBalancer Ingress
- Configuring SNI for a LoadBalancer Ingress
- Configuring Multiple Forwarding Policies for a LoadBalancer Ingress
- Configuring HTTP/2 for a LoadBalancer Ingress
- Configuring HTTPS Backend Services for a LoadBalancer Ingress
- Configuring Timeout for a LoadBalancer Ingress
- Configuring a Slow Start for a LoadBalancer Ingress
- Configuring a Range of Listening Ports for a LoadBalancer Ingress
- Nginx Ingresses
- DNS
- Configuring Intra-VPC Access
- Accessing the Internet from a Container
- Storage
- Observability
- Auto Scaling
- Namespaces
- ConfigMaps and Secrets
- Add-ons
- Helm Chart
- Permissions
- Settings
-
Old Console
- What Is Cloud Container Engine?
- High-Risk Operations and Solutions
- Clusters
-
Nodes
- Overview
- Buying a Node
- Accepting ECSs as Nodes into a Cluster
- Removing a Node
- Logging In to a Node
- Managing Node Labels
- Synchronizing Node Data
- Configuring Node Scheduling (Tainting)
- Resetting a Node
- Deleting a Node
- Stopping a Node
- Performing Rolling Upgrade for Nodes
- Formula for Calculating the Reserved Resources of a Node
- Creating a Linux LVM Disk Partition for Docker
- Data Disk Space Allocation
- Adding a Second Data Disk to a Node in a CCE Cluster
- Node Pools
-
Workloads
- Overview
- Creating a Deployment
- Creating a StatefulSet
- Creating a DaemonSet
- Creating a Job
- Creating a Cron Job
- Managing Pods
- GPU Scheduling
- NPU Scheduling
- Managing Workloads and Jobs
- Scaling a Workload
-
Configuring a Container
- Using a Third-Party Image
- Setting Container Specifications
- Setting Container Lifecycle Parameters
- Setting Container Startup Commands
- Setting Health Check for a Container
- Setting an Environment Variable
- Enabling ICMP Security Group Rules
- Configuring an Image Pull Policy
- Configuring Time Zone Synchronization
- DNS Configuration
- Pod Scale-in Priorities
- Configuring QoS Rate Limiting for Inter-Pod Access
- Adding Pod Annotations
- Affinity and Anti-Affinity Scheduling
- Networking
- Storage (CSI)
- Monitoring and Logs
- Namespaces
- Configuration Center
- Charts (Helm)
- Add-ons
- Auto Scaling
- Permissions Management
- Cloud Trace Service (CTS)
-
Best Practices
- Checklist for Deploying Containerized Applications in the Cloud
- Containerization
- Migration
- Disaster Recovery
-
Security
- Configuration Suggestions on CCE Cluster Security
- Configuration Suggestions on CCE Node Security
- Configuration Suggestions on CCE Container Runtime Security
- Configuration Suggestions on CCE Container Security
- Configuration Suggestions on CCE Container Image Security
- Configuration Suggestions on CCE Secret Security
- Auto Scaling
- Monitoring
- Cluster
- Networking
- Storage
- Container
- Permission
- Release
-
API Reference
- Before You Start
- API Overview
- Calling APIs
-
APIs
- API URL
-
Cluster Management
- Creating a Cluster
- Reading a Specified Cluster
- Listing Clusters in a Specified Project
- Updating a Specified Cluster
- Deleting a Cluster
- Hibernating a Cluster
- Waking Up a Cluster
- Obtaining a Cluster Certificate
- Modifying Cluster Specifications
- Querying a Job
- Binding/Unbinding Public API Server Address
- Obtaining Cluster Access Address
- Obtaining a Cluster's Logging Configurations
- Configuring Cluster Logs
- Obtaining the Partition List
- Creating a Partition
- Obtaining Partition Details
- Updating a Partition
- Node Management
- Node Pool Management
- Storage Management
- Add-on Management
-
Cluster Upgrade
- Upgrading a Cluster
- Obtaining Cluster Upgrade Task Details
- Retrying a Cluster Upgrade Task
- Suspending a Cluster Upgrade Task (Deprecated)
- Continuing to Execute a Cluster Upgrade Task (Deprecated)
- Obtaining a List of Cluster Upgrade Task Details
- Pre-upgrade Check
- Obtaining Details About a Pre-upgrade Check Task of a Cluster
- Obtaining a List of Pre-upgrade Check Tasks of a Cluster
- Post-upgrade Check
- Cluster Backup
- Obtaining a List of Cluster Backup Task Details
- Obtaining the Cluster Upgrade Information
- Obtaining a Cluster Upgrade Path
- Obtaining the Configuration of Cluster Upgrade Feature Gates
- Enabling the Cluster Upgrade Process Booting Task
- Obtaining a List of Upgrade Workflows
- Obtaining Details About a Specified Cluster Upgrade Task
- Updating the Status of a Specified Cluster Upgrade Booting Task
- Quota Management
- API Versions
- Tag Management
- Configuration Management
-
Chart Management
- Uploading a Chart
- Obtaining a Chart List
- Obtaining a Release List
- Updating a Chart
- Creating a Release
- Deleting a Chart
- Updating a Release
- Obtaining a Chart
- Deleting a Release
- Downloading a Chart
- Obtaining a Release
- Obtaining Chart Values
- Obtaining Historical Records of a Release
- Obtaining the Quota of a User Chart
- Kubernetes APIs
- Permissions and Supported Actions
-
Appendix
- Status Code
- Error Codes
- Obtaining a Project ID
- Obtaining an Account ID
- Specifying Add-ons to Be Installed During Cluster Creation
- How to Obtain Parameters in the API URI
- Creating a VPC and Subnet
- Creating a Key Pair
- Node Flavor Description
- Adding a Salt in the password Field When Creating a Node
- Maximum Number of Pods That Can Be Created on a Node
- Node OS
- Data Disk Space Allocation
- Attaching Disks to a Node
- SDK Reference
-
FAQs
- Common FAQ
- Billing
- Cluster
-
Node
- Node Creation
-
Node Running
- What Should I Do If a Cluster Is Available But Some Nodes Are Unavailable?
- How Do I Log In to a Node Using a Password and Reset the Password?
- How Do I Collect Logs of Nodes in a CCE Cluster?
- What Should I Do If the vdb Disk of a Node Is Damaged and the Node Cannot Be Recovered After Reset?
- What Should I Do If I/O Suspension Occasionally Occurs When SCSI EVS Disks Are Used?
- How Do I Fix an Abnormal Container or Node Due to No Thin Pool Disk Space?
- How Do I Rectify Failures When the NVIDIA Driver Is Used to Start Containers on GPU Nodes?
- Specification Change
- OSs
- Node Pool
-
Workload
-
Workload Exception Troubleshooting
- How Can I Find the Fault for an Abnormal Workload?
- What Should I Do If Pod Scheduling Fails?
- What Should I Do If a Pod Fails to Pull the Image?
- What Should I Do If Container Startup Fails?
- What Should I Do If a Pod Fails to Be Evicted?
- What Should I Do If a Storage Volume Cannot Be Mounted or the Mounting Times Out?
- What Should I Do If a Workload Remains in the Creating State?
- What Should I Do If a Pod Remains in the Terminating State?
- What Should I Do If a Workload Is Stopped Caused by Pod Deletion?
- What Should I Do If an Error Occurs When I Deploy a Service on the GPU Node?
- How Can I Locate Faults Using an Exit Code?
- Container Configuration
- Scheduling Policies
-
Others
- What Should I Do If a Cron Job Cannot Be Restarted After Being Stopped for a Period of Time?
- What Is a Headless Service When I Create a StatefulSet?
- What Should I Do If Error Message "Auth is empty" Is Displayed When a Private Image Is Pulled?
- What Is the Image Pull Policy for Containers in a CCE Cluster?
- What Can I Do If a Layer Is Missing During Image Pull?
-
Workload Exception Troubleshooting
-
Networking
-
Network Exception Troubleshooting
- How Do I Locate a Workload Networking Fault?
- Why Does the Browser Return Error Code 404 When I Access a Deployed Application?
- What Should I Do If a Container Fails to Access the Internet?
- What Should I Do If a Node Fails to Connect to the Internet (Public Network)?
- What Should I Do If Nginx Ingress Access in the Cluster Is Abnormal After the NGINX Ingress Controller Add-on Is Upgraded?
- What Could Cause Access Exceptions After Configuring an HTTPS Certificate for a LoadBalancer Ingress?
- Network Planning
- Security Hardening
-
Network Configuration
- How Can Container IP Addresses Survive a Container Restart?
- How Can I Check Whether an ENI Is Used by a Cluster?
- How Can I Delete a Security Group Rule Associated with a Deleted Subnet?
- How Can I Synchronize Certificates When Multiple Ingresses in Different Namespaces Share a Listener?
- How Can I Determine Which Ingress the Listener Settings Have Been Applied To?
-
Network Exception Troubleshooting
-
Storage
- How Do I Expand the Storage Capacity of a Container?
- What Are the Differences Among CCE Storage Classes in Terms of Persistent Storage and Multi-Node Mounting?
- Can I Create a CCE Node Without Adding a Data Disk to the Node?
- What Should I Do If the Host Cannot Be Found When Files Need to Be Uploaded to OBS During the Access to the CCE Service from a Public Network?
- How Can I Achieve Compatibility Between ExtendPathMode and Kubernetes client-go?
- Can CCE PVCs Detect Underlying Storage Faults?
- What Should I Do If a Yearly/Monthly EVS Disk Cannot Be Automatically Created?
- Namespace
-
Chart and Add-on
- What Should I Do If Installation of an Add-on Fails and "The release name is already exist" Is Displayed?
- How Do I Configure the Add-on Resource Quotas Based on Cluster Scale?
- How Can I Clean Up Residual Resources After the NGINX Ingress Controller Add-on in the Unknown State Is Deleted?
- Why TLS v1.0 and v1.1 Cannot Be Used After the NGINX Ingress Controller Add-on Is Upgraded?
-
API & kubectl FAQs
- How Can I Access a Cluster API Server?
- Can the Resources Created Using APIs or kubectl Be Displayed on the CCE Console?
- How Do I Download kubeconfig for Connecting to a Cluster Using kubectl?
- How Do I Rectify the Error Reported When Running the kubectl top node Command?
- Why Is "Error from server (Forbidden)" Displayed When I Use kubectl?
- DNS FAQs
- Image Repository FAQs
- Permissions
- Videos
Container
Container and Docker
Container technologies originate from Linux. Containers provide lightweight virtualization, allow process and resource isolation, and become popular since the emergence of Docker. Docker is the first system that allows containers to be portable in different machines. It simplifies both the application packaging and the application library and dependency packaging. Even the OS file system can be packaged into a simple portable package, which can be used on any other machine that runs Docker.
Except for similar resource isolation and allocation modes as VMs, containers virtualize OSs, making them more portable and efficient.
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Containers have the following advantages over VMs:
- Higher system resource utilization
With no overhead for virtualizing hardware and running a complete OS, containers outperform VMs no matter in application execution speed, memory loss, and file storage speed. Therefore, with same configurations, containers can run more applications than VMs.
- Faster startup
Traditional VMs usually take several minutes to start an application. However, Docker containerized applications run directly on the host kernel with no need to start the entire OS, so they can start within seconds or even milliseconds, greatly saving your time in development, testing, and deployment.
- Consistent running environments
One of the biggest problems in development is the inconsistency of application running environment. Due to inconsistent development, testing, and production environments, some bugs cannot be discovered prior to rollout. A Docker container image provides a complete runtime to ensure consistency in application running environments.
- Easier migration
Docker ensures the consistency in execution environment, so migrating applications becomes much easier. Docker can run on many platforms, and no matter on physical machines or virtual ones, its running results remains the same. Therefore, you can easily migrate an application from one platform to another without worrying that the environment change will cause the applications fail to function.
- Easier maintenance and extension
Tiered storage and image technology applied by Docker facilitate the reuse of applications and simplify application maintenance and update as well as further image extension based on base images. In addition, Docker collaborates with open-source project teams to maintain a large number of high-quality official images. You can directly use them in the production environment or form new images based on them, greatly reducing the image production cost of applications.
Typical Process of Using Docker Containers
Before using a Docker container, you should know the core components in Docker.
- Image: A Docker image is a software package that contains everything needed to run an application, such as the code and the runtime it requires, file systems, and executable file path of the runtime and other metadata.
- Image repository: A Docker image repository is used to store Docker images, which can be shared between different users and computers. You can run the image you compiled on the computer where it is compiled, or upload it to an image repository and then download it to another computer and run it. Some repositories are public, allowing everyone to pull images from them. Others are private, which are accessible only to some users and machines.
- Container: A Docker container is usually a Linux container created from a Docker image. A running container is a process running on the Docker host. However, it is isolated from the host and all other processes running on the host. The process is also resource-limited, meaning that it can access and use only resources (such as CPU and memory) allocated to it.
Figure 2 shows the typical process of using containers.
- A developer develops an application and creates an image in the development machine.
Docker runs the commands to create an image and store it on the machine.
- The developer sends a command to upload the image.
After receiving the command, Docker uploads the local image to the image repository.
- The developer sends an image running command to the machine.
After the command is received, Docker pulls the image from the image repository to the machine, and then runs a container based on the image.
Example
In the following example, Docker packages a container image based on the Nginx image, runs an application based on the container image, and pushes the image to the image repository.
Installing Docker
Docker is compatible with almost all operating systems. Select a Docker version that best suits your needs.
In Linux, you can run the following command to install Docker:
curl -fsSL get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh sh get-docker.sh systemctl restart docker
Packaging a Docker Image
Docker provides a convenient way to package your application, which is called Dockerfile.
# Use the official Nginx image as the base image. FROM nginx:alpine # Run a command to modify the content of the nginx image index.html. RUN echo "hello world" > /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html # Permit external access to port 80 of the container. EXPOSE 80
Run the docker build command to package the image.
docker build -t hello .
In the preceding command, -t indicates that a tag is added to the image, that is, the image is named. In this example, the image name is hello. . indicates that the packaging command is executed in the current directory.
Run the docker images command to view the image. You can see the hello image has been created successfully. You can also see an Nginx image, which is downloaded from the image repository and used as the base image of the hello image.
# docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE hello latest d120ec16dcea 17 minutes ago 158MB nginx alpine eeb27ee6b893 2 months ago 148MB
Running the Container Image Locally
After obtaining the image, you can run the docker run command on the local host to run the container image.
#docker run -p 8080:80 hello
The docker run command will start a container. In the preceding command, -p indicates that port 8080 of the local host is mapped to port 80 of the container. That is, the traffic of port 8080 of the local host will be forwarded to port 80 of the container. When you access http://127.0.0.1:8080 on the local host, you can access the container. In this case, the content returned by the browser is hello world.
Pushing the Image to the Image Repository
HUAWEI CLOUD provides SoftWare Repository for Container (SWR). You can also upload images to SWR. The following describes how to upload images to SWR. For details, see .
Log in to the . In the navigation pane, choose My Images. On the page that is displayed, click Upload Through Client. In the dialog box that is displayed, click Generate a temporary login command. Then, copy the command and run it on the local host to log in to the SWR image repository.
Before uploading an image, you need to specify a complete name for the image.
# docker tag hello swr.cn-east-3.myhuaweicloud.com/container/hello:v1
In the preceding command, swr.cn-east-3.myhuaweicloud.com indicates the repository address. The address varies depending on the HUAWEI CLOUD region. v1 indicates the version number allocated to the hello image.
- swr.cn-east-3.myhuaweicloud.com indicates the repository address. The address varies with the HUAWEI CLOUD region.
- container is the organization name. Generally, an organization is created in SWR. If no organization is created, an organization is automatically created when the image is uploaded for the first time. The organization name is globally unique in a single region. You need to select a proper organization name.
- v1 is the version number allocated to the hello image.
Run the docker push command to upload the image to SWR.
# docker push swr.cn-east-3.myhuaweicloud.com/container/hello:v1
If you need to use the image, run the docker pull command to pull (download) the image.
# docker pull swr.cn-east-3.myhuaweicloud.com/container/hello:v1
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