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- What's New
- Function Overview
- Service Overview
- Getting Started
-
User Guide
- Before You Start
- Logging In to Huawei Cloud
- IAM Users
- User Groups and Authorization
- Permissions Management
- Projects
- Agencies
- Security Settings
- Identity Providers
- Custom Identity Broker
- MFA Authentication and Virtual MFA Device
- Viewing IAM Operation Records
- Quotas
- Best Practices
-
API Reference
- Before You Start
- API Overview
- Calling APIs
- Getting Started
-
API
- Token Management
-
Access Key Management
- Obtaining Temporary Access Keys and Security Tokens of an Agency
- Obtaining Temporary Access Keys and Security Tokens of an IAM User
- Obtaining Temporary Access Keys and Security Tokens of a Federated User
- Creating a Permanent Access Key
- Querying Permanent Access Keys
- Querying a Permanent Access Key
- Modifying a Permanent Access Key
- Deleting a Permanent Access Key
- Region Management
- Project Management
- Account Management
-
IAM User Management
- Listing IAM Users
- Querying IAM User Details (Recommended)
- Querying IAM User Details
- Querying the User Groups Which an IAM User Belongs to
- Querying the IAM Users in a Group
- Creating an IAM User (Recommended)
- Creating an IAM User
- Changing the Login Password
- Modifying IAM User Information (By an IAM User) (Recommended)
- Modifying IAM User Information (By the Administrator) (Recommended)
- Modifying IAM User Information (By the Administrator)
- Deleting an IAM User
- User Group Management
-
Permissions Management
- Listing Permissions
- Querying Permission Details
- Querying Permissions Assignment Records
- Querying Permissions of a User Group for a Global Service Project
- Querying Permissions of a User Group for a Region-specific Project
- Granting Permissions to a User Group for a Global Service Project
- Granting Permissions to a User Group for a Region-specific Project
- Checking Whether a User Group Has Specified Permissions for a Global Service Project
- Checking Whether a User Group Has Specified Permissions for a Region-specific Project
- Querying All Permissions of a User Group
- Checking Whether a User Group Has Specified Permissions for All Projects
- Removing Specified Permissions of a User Group in All Projects
- Removing Permissions of a User Group for a Global Service Project
- Removing the Permissions of a User Group for a Region-specific Project
- Granting Permissions to a User Group for All Projects
- Custom Policy Management
-
Agency Management
- Listing Agencies
- Querying Agency Details
- Creating an Agency
- Modifying an Agency
- Deleting an Agency
- Querying Permissions of an Agency for a Global Service Project
- Querying Permissions of an Agency for a Region-specific Project
- Granting Permissions to an Agency for a Global Service Project
- Granting Permissions to an Agency for a Region-specific Project
- Checking Whether an Agency Has Specified Permissions for a Global Service Project
- Checking Whether an Agency Has Specified Permissions for a Region-specific Project
- Removing Permissions of an Agency for a Global Service Project
- Removing Permissions of an Agency for a Region-specific Project
- Querying All Permissions of an Agency
- Granting Specified Permissions to an Agency for All Projects
- Checking Whether an Agency Has Specified Permissions
- Removing Specified Permissions of an Agency in All Projects
-
Enterprise Project Management
- Querying User Groups Associated with an Enterprise Project
- Querying the Permissions of a User Group Associated with an Enterprise Project
- Granting Permissions to a User Group Associated with an Enterprise Project
- Removing Permissions of a User Group Associated with an Enterprise Project
- Querying the Enterprise Projects Associated with a User Group
- Querying the Enterprise Projects Directly Associated with an IAM User
- Querying Users Directly Associated with an Enterprise Project
- Querying Permissions of a User Directly Associated with an Enterprise Project
- Granting Permissions to a User Associated with an Enterprise Project
- Removing Permissions of a User Directly Associated with an Enterprise Project
- Granting Permissions to Agencies Associated with Specified Enterprise Projects
- Removing Permissions of Agencies Associated with Specified Enterprise Projects
-
Security Settings
- Modifying the Operation Protection Policy
- Querying the Operation Protection Policy
- Modifying the Password Policy
- Querying the Password Policy of an Account
- Modifying the Login Authentication Policy
- Querying the Login Authentication Policy
- Modifying the ACL for Console Access
- Querying the ACL for Console Access
- Modifying the ACL for API Access
- Querying the ACL for API Access
- Listing MFA Device Information of IAM Users
- Querying the MFA Device Information of an IAM User
- Listing Login Protection Configurations of IAM Users
- Querying the Login Protection Configuration of an IAM User
- Modifying the Login Protection Configuration of an IAM User
- Binding a Virtual MFA Device
- Unbinding a Virtual MFA Device
- Creating a Virtual MFA Device
- Deleting a Virtual MFA Device
-
Federated Identity Authentication Management
- Obtaining a Token Through Federated Identity Authentication
-
Identity Providers
- Listing Identity Providers
- Querying Identity Provider Details
- Creating an Identity Provider
- Modifying a SAML Identity Provider
- Deleting a SAML Identity Provider
- Creating an OpenID Connect Identity Provider Configuration
- Modifying an OpenID Connect Identity Provider
- Querying an OpenID Connect Identity Provider
- Mappings
- Protocols
- Metadata
- Token
- Listing Accounts Accessible to Federated Users
- Listing Projects Accessible to Federated Users
- Custom Identity Brokers
- Version Information Management
- Services and Endpoints
- Out-of-Date APIs
- Permissions and Actions
- Appendix
- Change History
- SDK Reference
-
FAQs
-
User Groups and Permissions Management
- Why Can't I Find Permissions for a Cloud Service?
- How Do I Grant Cloud Service Permissions in the EU-Dublin Region to IAM Users?
- Why Have Permissions Granted to a User Not Been Applied?
- What Should I Do If an IAM User Does Not Have the Required Permissions to Access the IAM Console?
- How Can I Grant an IAM User Permissions to Place Orders But Disallow Order Payment?
- IAM User Management
-
Security Settings
- How Do I Enable Login Verification?
- How Do I Disable Login Verification?
- How Do I Change the Verification Method for Performing Critical Operations?
- How Do I Disable Operation Protection?
- How Do I Bind a Virtual MFA Device?
- How Do I Obtain a Virtual MFA Verification Code?
- How Do I Unbind or Remove a Virtual MFA Device?
- Why Does MFA Authentication Fail?
- Why Am I Not Getting the Verification Code?
- Why Is My Account Locked?
- Why Doesn't My API Access Control Policy Take Effect?
- Why Do I Still Need to Perform MFA During Login After Unbinding the Virtual MFA Device?
-
Passwords and Credentials
- What Should I Do If I Forgot My Password?
- How Do I Change My Password?
- How Do I Obtain an Access Key (AK/SK)?
- What Should I Do If I Have Forgotten My Access Key (AK/SK)?
- What Are Temporary Security Credentials (AK/SK and Security Token)?
- How Do I Obtain a Token with Security Administrator Permissions?
- How Do I Obtain Access Keys (AK/SK Pairs) for the EU-Dublin Region?
- Project Management
- Agency Management
- Account Management
- Others
-
User Groups and Permissions Management
- Videos
-
More Documents
-
User Guide (ME-Abu Dhabi Region)
- Service Overview
- Getting Started
-
User Guide
- Before You Start
- IAM Users
- User Groups and Authorization
- Permissions
- Projects
- Agencies
- Account Security Settings
- Identity Providers
- MFA Authentication and Virtual MFA Device
- Viewing IAM Operation Records
- Quotas
-
FAQs
- User Groups and Permissions Management
- IAM User Management
-
Security Settings
- How Do I Enable Login Authentication?
- How Do I Disable Login Authentication?
- How Do I Change the Verification Method for Performing Critical Operations?
- How Do I Disable Operation Protection?
- How Do I Bind a Virtual MFA Device?
- How Do I Obtain a Virtual MFA Verification Code?
- How Do I Unbind or Remove a Virtual MFA Device?
- Why Does MFA Authentication Fail?
- Why Am I Not Getting the Verification Code?
-
Passwords and Credentials
- How Do I Reset My Password?
- How Do I Change My Password?
- What Should I Do If I Have Forgotten My Access Key (AK/SK)?
- What Are Temporary Security Credentials (AK/SK and SecurityToken)?
- How Do I Obtain a Token with Security Administrator Permissions?
- How Do I Obtain an Access Key (AK/SK) in the ME-Abu Dhabi-OP5 Region?
- Project Management
- Agency Management
- Others
- Change History
- API Reference (ME-Abu Dhabi Region)
-
User Guide (Paris Regions)
- Service Overview
- Getting Started
-
User Guide
- IAM Users
- User Groups and Authorization
- Permissions
- Account Settings
- Projects
- Agencies
- Identity Providers
- MFA Authentication and Virtual MFA Device
- Auditing
-
FAQs
- How Do I Enable Login Authentication?
- How Do I Bind a Virtual MFA Device?
- How Do I Obtain MFA Verification Codes?
- How Do I Unbind a Virtual MFA Device?
- Why Does IAM User Login Fail?
- How Do I Control IAM User Access to the Console?
- Differences Between IAM and Enterprise Management
- What Are the Differences Between IAM Projects and Enterprise Projects?
- How Can I Obtain Permissions to Create an Agency?
- What Can I Do If Text Box Prompt Information Does Not Disappear?
- How Do I Disable Password Association and Saving on Google Chrome?
- How Do I Grant Cloud Service Permissions in the EU-Paris Region to IAM Users?
- How Do I Obtain an Access Key (AK/SK) in the EU-Paris Region?
- Change History
- API Reference (Paris Regions)
-
User Guide (Kuala Lumpur Region)
- Service Overview
- Getting Started
-
User Guide
- Before You Start
- IAM Users
- User Groups and Authorization
- Permissions Management
- Projects
- Agencies
- Security Settings
- Identity Providers
- MFA Authentication and Virtual MFA Device
- Viewing IAM Operation Records
- Quotas
-
FAQs
- User Groups and Permissions Management
- IAM User Management
-
Security Settings
- How Do I Enable Login Verification?
- How Do I Disable Login Verification?
- How Do I Change the Verification Method for Performing Critical Operations?
- How Do I Disable Operation Protection?
- How Do I Bind a Virtual MFA Device?
- How Do I Obtain a Virtual MFA Verification Code?
- How Do I Unbind or Remove a Virtual MFA Device?
- Why Does MFA Authentication Fail?
- Why Am I Not Getting the Verification Code?
- Why Is My Account Locked?
- Why Do I Still Need to Perform MFA During Login After Unbinding the Virtual MFA Device?
-
Passwords and Credentials
- What Should I Do If I Forgot My Password?
- How Do I Change My Password?
- What Should I Do If I Have Forgotten My Access Key (AK/SK)?
- What Are Temporary Security Credentials (AK/SK and Security Token)?
- How Do I Obtain a Token with Security Administrator Permissions?
- How Do I Obtain an Access Key (AK/SK) in the AP-Kuala Lumpur-OP6 Region?
- Project Management
- Agency Management
- Others
- Change History
-
API Reference (Kuala Lumpur Region)
- Before You Start
- API Overview
- Calling APIs
-
APIs
- Token Management
- Access Key Management
- Region Management
-
Project Management
- Querying Project Information Based on the Specified Criteria
- Querying a User Project List
- Querying the List of Projects Accessible to Users
- Creating a Project
- Modifying Project Data
- Querying Information About a Specified Project
- Setting the Status of a Specified Project
- Querying Information and Status of a Specified Project
- Querying the Quotas of a Project
- Tenant Management
-
User Management
- Querying a User List
- Querying User Details
- Querying User Details (Recommended)
- Querying the User Group to Which a User Belongs
- Querying Users in a User Group
- Creating a User
- Changing a Password
- Modifying User Information
- Modifying User Information (Including Email Address and Mobile Number)
- Modifying User Information (Including Email Address and Mobile Number)
- Deleting a User
- Deleting a User from a User Group
- Querying MFA Device Information of Users
- Querying the MFA Device Information of a User
- Querying Login Protection Configurations of Users
- Querying the Login Protection Configuration of a User
- Creating a Virtual MFA Device
- Deleting a Virtual MFA Device
- Binding a Virtual MFA Device
- Unbinding a Virtual MFA Device
- Modifying the Login Protection Configuration of a User
- User Group Management
-
Permission Management
- Querying a Role List
- Querying Role Details
- Querying Permissions of a User Group Under a Domain
- Querying Permissions of a User Group Corresponding to a Project
- Granting Permissions to a User Group of a Domain
- Granting Permissions to a User Group Corresponding to a Project
- Deleting Permissions of a User Group Corresponding to a Project
- Deleting Permissions of a User Group of a Domain
- Querying Whether a User Group Under a Domain Has Specific Permissions
- Querying Whether a User Group Corresponding to a Project Has Specific Permissions
- Granting Permissions to a User Group for All Projects
- Removing Specified Permissions of a User Group in All Projects
- Checking Whether a User Group Has Specified Permissions for All Projects
- Querying All Permissions of a User Group
- Custom Policy Management
-
Agency Management
- Creating an Agency
- Querying an Agency List Based on the Specified Conditions
- Obtaining Details of a Specified Agency
- Modifying an Agency
- Deleting an Agency
- Granting Permissions to an Agency for a Project
- Checking Whether an Agency Has the Specified Permissions on a Project
- Querying the List of Permissions of an Agency on a Project
- Deleting Permissions of an Agency on a Project
- Granting Permissions to an Agency on a Domain
- Checking Whether an Agency Has the Specified Permissions on a Domain
- Querying the List of Permissions of an Agency on a Domain
- Deleting Permissions of an Agency on a Domain
- Querying All Permissions of an Agency
- Granting Specified Permissions to an Agency for All Projects
- Checking Whether an Agency Has Specified Permissions
- Removing Specified Permissions of an Agency in All Projects
-
Security Settings
- Querying the Operation Protection Policy
- Modifying the Operation Protection Policy
- Querying the Password Policy
- Modifying the Password Policy
- Querying the Login Authentication Policy
- Modifying the Login Authentication Policy
- Querying the ACL for Console Access
- Modifying the ACL for Console Access
- Querying the ACL for API Access
- Modifying the ACL for API Access
- Federated Identity Authentication Management
- Version Information Management
- Services and Endpoints
- Permissions Policies and Supported Actions
- Appendix
- Change History
-
User Guide (Ankara Region)
- Service Overview
- Getting Started
-
User Guide
- Before You Start
- IAM Users
- User Groups and Authorization
- Permissions Management
- Projects
- Agencies
- Security Settings
- Identity Providers
- MFA Authentication and Virtual MFA Device
- Quotas
-
FAQs
- IAM User Management
-
Security Settings
- How Do I Enable Login Verification?
- How Do I Disable Login Verification?
- How Do I Change the Verification Method for Performing Critical Operations?
- How Do I Disable Operation Protection?
- How Do I Bind a Virtual MFA Device?
- How Do I Obtain a Virtual MFA Verification Code?
- How Do I Unbind or Remove a Virtual MFA Device?
- Why Does MFA Authentication Fail?
- Why Am I Not Getting the Verification Code?
- Passwords and Credentials
- Agency Management
- Others
- Change History
- API Reference (Ankara Region)
-
User Guide (ME-Abu Dhabi Region)
- General Reference
- Do Not Create Access Keys for Your Account
- Do Not Write Access Keys into Code
- Create Individual IAM Users
- Set Appropriate Access Type
- Grant Least Privilege
- Enable Virtual MFA
- Set a Strong Password Policy
- Enable Critical Operation Protection
- Periodically Change Your Identity Credentials
- Delete Unnecessary Identity Credentials
- Delegate Resource Access to Applications Running on ECSs
- Enabling CTS
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Recommendations for Using IAM
To establish secure access to your Huawei Cloud resources, follow these recommendations for the Identity and Access Management (IAM) service.
Do Not Create Access Keys for Your Account
Your account has all the permissions required to access resources and make payments for the usage of resources. Both passwords and access keys (AKs/SKs) are account credentials, and they have the same effect. Passwords are mandatory and used for console login. Access keys are optional, supplementary to passwords, and used for programmatic requests with development tools. Access keys can be lost or accidentally disclosed. To enhance account security, do not create access keys for your account.
Do Not Write Access Keys into Code
If you use APIs, CLI tools, or SDKs to access cloud services, do not write your access keys into the code.
Create Individual IAM Users
If someone needs to access resources in your account, do not share your password with them. Instead, create an individual IAM user for them and grant required permissions to the IAM user. You can also create an IAM user for yourself, grant the IAM user administrator permissions, and perform routine management using the IAM user.
Set Appropriate Access Type
You can set the access type of IAM users, including programmatic access and management console access. Note the following when you set the access type:
- If the user accesses Huawei Cloud services only by using the management console, select Management console access for Access Type and Password for Credential Type.
- If the user accesses Huawei Cloud services only through programmatic calls, select Programmatic access for Access Type and Access key for Credential Type.
- If the user needs to use a password as the credential for programmatic access to certain APIs, select Programmatic access for Access Type and Password for Credential Type.
- If the user needs to perform access key verification when using certain services in the console, such as creating a data migration job in the Cloud Data Migration (CDM) console, select Programmatic access and Management console access for Access Type and Access key and Password for Credential Type.
Grant Least Privilege
It is a standard security measure to grant users only the permissions required to perform specific tasks. You can achieve this by using IAM's system-defined or custom policies. The principle of least privilege (PoLP) helps you establish secure access to your Huawei Cloud resources.
For IAM users who access cloud services by using APIs, CLI tools, or SDKs, grant them permissions by using custom policies to minimize impact due to accidental access key disclosure or loss.
Enable Virtual MFA
Multi-factor authentication (MFA) adds an additional layer of security protection on top of the identity credentials for an account. It is recommended that you enable MFA authentication for your account and privileged users created using your account. To log in to the management console, users must enter their usernames and passwords and a verification code generated by the bound virtual MFA device.
An MFA device can be based on hardware or software. Currently, Huawei Cloud supports software-based virtual MFA devices. It is a program that runs on a portable device (such as a mobile phone) and generates a six-digit verification code for identity authentication.
Set a Strong Password Policy
To ensure that IAM users only use complex passwords and change them periodically, set a password policy to define strong password requirements, such as minimum password length, and whether to allow consecutive identical characters in a password, and whether to allow previously used passwords.
Enable Critical Operation Protection
Enable critical operation protection to prevent misoperations. When you or users created using your account perform critical operations, such as deleting resources or generating access keys, you and users need to provide verification codes to proceed with the operations.
Periodically Change Your Identity Credentials
Periodically changing your password and access keys can prevent risks caused by their accidental disclosure or loss.
- Set a password validity period to require you and users created using your account to change passwords. IAM will start to display a prompt 15 days before a password expires.
- You can create two access keys and use them interchangeably. For example, you can use access key 1 for a certain period, and then use access key 2 for the next period. You can also delete access key 1 and generate another access key.
Delete Unnecessary Identity Credentials
For users who only need to use the console, it is recommended that you do not create access keys for them, and delete any access keys that have already been created. If a user has not logged in for a long period, change the user's password and delete the user's access keys. In addition, set an account validity period to automatically disable user accounts that have not been used for a long time.
Delegate Resource Access to Applications Running on ECSs
Applications running on Elastic Cloud Servers (ECSs) can access other Huawei Cloud services only with a credential provided. To securely provide credentials for applications, create an agency in IAM to grant required permissions to the ECS where the applications run, and configure the agency for the ECS so that the applications can obtain temporary access keys. The ECS applies for a temporary credential from IAM to securely access resources based on the permissions granted through the agency. ECS automatically rotates temporary credentials to ensure that they are secure and valid.
When you start an ECS, you can specify an agency for the ECS as a startup parameter. Applications running on the ECS can access Huawei Cloud resources by providing the temporary access key obtained using the agency. The agency determines which applications can access specific resources.
Enabling CTS
Cloud Trace Service (CTS) is a log audit service provided by Huawei Cloud. It collects, stores, and queries records of operations on IAM, facilitating security analysis, compliance audit, resource tracking, and fault locating. It is recommended that you enable the CTS service to record key IAM operations, such as creating and deleting IAM users.
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