- What's New
- Function Overview
- Product Bulletin
- Technology Poster
- Service Overview
- Billing
- Getting Started
-
User Guide
- Using IAM to Grant Access to HSS
- Accessing HSS
- Checking the Dashboard
- Asset Management
- Risk Management
- Server Protection
-
Container Protection
-
Container Firewalls
- Container Firewall Overview
- Configuring a Network Defense Policy (for a Cluster Using the Container Tunnel Network Model)
- Configuring a Network Defense Policy (for a Cluster Using the VPC Tunnel Network Model)
- Configuring a Network Defense Policy (for a Cluster Using the Cloud Native Network 2.0 Model)
- Container Cluster Protection
-
Container Firewalls
- Detection and Response
- Security Operations
- Installation and Configuration on Servers
- Installation and Configuration on Containers
- Account Management
- Plug-in Settings
- Authorization
- Monitoring and Auditing
- Enterprise Project Management
-
Best Practices
- HSS Best Practices You May Need
-
Suggestions on How to Fix Official Disclosed Vulnerabilities Provided by HSS
- Git Credential Disclosure Vulnerability (CVE-2020-5260)
- SaltStack Remote Command Execution Vulnerabilities (CVE-2020-11651 and CVE-2020-11652)
- OpenSSL High-risk Vulnerability (CVE-2020-1967)
- Adobe Font Manager Library Remote Code Execution Vulnerability (CVE-2020-1020/CVE-2020-0938)
- Windows Kernel Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability (CVE-2020-1027)
- Windows CryptoAPI Spoofing Vulnerability (CVE-2020-0601)
- Third-Party Servers Accessing HSS Through a Direct Connect and Proxy Servers
- Connecting Third-Party Servers to HSS Through Direct Connect and VPC Endpoint
- Installing the HSS Agent Using CBH
- Using HSS to Improve Server Login Security
- Using HSS and CBR to Defend Against Ransomware
- Using HSS to Scan and Fix Vulnerabilities
- Using HSS to Prevent Weak Passwords
- Using HSS to Scan for Trojans
- Using HSS to Handle Mining Attacks
- Using HSS to Monitor the Integrity of Linux Server Files
- Whitelist Can Be Used to Avoid False Alarm Reporting
-
API Reference
- Before You Start
- Calling APIs
-
API Description
-
Asset Management
- Collecting Asset Statistics, Including Accounts, Ports, and Processes
- Querying the Account List
- Querying Open Port Statistics
- Querying the Process List
- Querying the Software List
- Querying Automatic Startup Item Information
- Querying the Server List of an Account
- Querying the Open Port List of a Single Server
- Querying the Server List of the Software
- Querying the Service List of Auto-Started Items
- Obtaining the Account Change History
- Obtaining the Historical Change Records of Software Information
- Obtaining the Historical Change Records of Auto-started Items
- Asset Fingerprints - Process - Server List
- Asset Fingerprints - Port - Server List
- Querying the Middleware List
- Querying the Server List of a Specified Middleware
-
Ransomware Prevention
- Querying the Servers Protected Against Ransomware
- Querying the Protection Policy List of Ransomware
- Modifying Ransomware Protection Policies
- Enabling Ransomware Prevention
- Disabling Ransomware Prevention
- Querying the Backup Policy Bound to HSS Protection Vault
- Modifying the Backup Policy Bound to Vault
-
Baseline Management
- Querying the Weak Password Detection Result List
- Querying the Password Complexity Policy Detection Report
- Querying the Result List of Server Security Configuration Check
- Querying the Check Result of a Security Configuration Item
- Querying the Checklist of a Security Configuration Item
- Querying the List of Affected Servers of a Security Configuration Item
- Querying the Report of a Check Item in a Security Configuration Check
- Ignoring, Unignoring, Repairing, or Verifying the Failed Configuration Check Items
- Quota Management
- Container Management
- Event Management
- Intrusion Detection
- Server Management
-
Container Image
- Querying the Image List in the SWR Image Repository
- Scanning Images in the Image Repository in Batches
- Querying the Local Image List
- Querying Image Vulnerability Information
- CVE Information Corresponding to the Vulnerability
- Synchronizing the Image List from SWR
- Querying the List of Image Security Configuration Detection Results
- Querying the Check Item List of a Specified Security Configuration Item of an Image
- Querying the Mirror Configuration Check Report
- Policy Management
-
Vulnerability Management
- Querying the Vulnerability List
- Exporting Information About Vulnerabilities and Their Affected Servers
- Querying the Servers Affected by a Vulnerability
- Changing the Status of a Vulnerability
- Querying Vulnerability Information About a Server
- Creating a Vulnerability Scan Task
- Querying a Vulnerability Scan Policy
- Modifying a Vulnerability Scan Policy
- Querying the Vulnerability Scan Tasks
- Querying the List of Servers Corresponding to a Vulnerability Scan Task
- Querying Vulnerability Management Statistics
- Web Tamper Protection
- Tag Management
- Cluster Management
- Installation and Configuration
-
Asset Management
- Appendixes
- SDK Reference
-
FAQs
-
About HSS
- What Is Host Security?
- What Is Container Security?
- What Is Web Tamper Protection?
- What Are the Relationships Between Images, Containers, and Applications?
- How Do I Use HSS?
- Can HSS Protect Local IDC Servers?
- Is HSS in Conflict with Any Other Security Software?
- What Are the Differences Between HSS and WAF?
- Can HSS Be Used Across Accounts?
- What Is the HSS Agent?
- Can HSS Be Used Across Clouds?
- Does HSS Support Version Upgrade?
- Can HSS Automatically Detect and Remove Viruses?
-
Agent
- Do I Need to Install the HSS Agent After Purchasing HSS?
- Is the Agent in Conflict with Any Other Security Software?
- How Do I Uninstall the Agent?
- What Should I Do If Agent Installation Failed?
- How Do I Fix an Abnormal Agent?
- What Is the Default Agent Installation Path?
- How Many CPU and Memory Resources Are Occupied by the Agent When It Performs Scans?
- Do Different HSS Editions Share the Same Agent?
- How Do I View Servers Where No Agents Have Been Installed?
- How Do I Upgrade the Agent?
- What Do I Do If the HSS Upgrade Fails?
- What Resources Will Be Accessed by the Agent After It Is Installed on a Server?
- How Do I Use Images to Install Agents in Batches?
- What Do I Do If I Cannot Access the Download Link of the Windows Or Linux Agent?
- What Do I Do If Agent Upgrade Fails and the Message "File replacement failed" Is Displayed?
- What Can I Do If Agents Failed to Be Installed in Batches and a Message Is Displayed Indicating that the Network Is Disconnected?
- How Do I Verify the Connection Between My Server and the HSS Server?
- Protection
-
Vulnerability Management
- How Do I Fix Vulnerabilities?
- What Do I Do If an Alarm Still Exists After I Fixed a Vulnerability?
- Why a Server Displayed in Vulnerability Information Does Not Exist?
- Do I Need to Restart a Server After Its Vulnerabilities Are Fixed?
- Can I Check the Vulnerability and Baseline Fix History on HSS?
- What Do I Do If Vulnerability Fix Failed?
- Why Can't I Select a Server During Manual Vulnerability Scanning or Batch Vulnerability Fixing?
- What Do I Do If a Vulnerability Scan Failed?
- Do I Need to Subscribe to Ubuntu Pro to Fix Ubuntu Vulnerabilities?
-
Detection & Response
- How Do I View and Handle HSS Alarm Notifications?
- What Do I Do If My Servers Are Subjected to a Mining Attack?
- Why a Process Is Still Isolated After It Was Whitelisted?
- Why an Attack Is Not Detected by HSS?
- Can I Unblock an IP Address Blocked by HSS, and How?
- Why a Blocked IP Address Is Automatically Unblocked?
- How Often Is Malware Scan and Removal?
- How Often Are the HSS Virus Database and Vulnerability Database Updated?
- What Do I Do If an IP Address Is Blocked by HSS?
- How Do I Defend Against Ransomware Attacks?
- Why Can't I Receive Alarms After the HSS Is Upgraded?
- How Do I Add High-risk Command Execution Alarms to the Whitelist?
- Why Doesn't HSS Generate Alarms for Some Web Shell Files?
- Abnormal Logins
-
Brute-force Attack Defense
- How Does HSS Intercept Brute Force Attacks?
- How Do I Handle a Brute-force Attack Alarm?
- How Do I Defend Against Brute-force Attacks?
- How Do I Unblock an IP Address?
- What Do I Do If HSS Frequently Reports Brute-force Alarms?
- What Do I Do If a Huawei Cloud IP Address Trigger a Brute-force Attack Alarm?
- What Do I Do If the Port in Brute-force Attack Records Is Not Updated?
-
Baseline Inspection
- Why Are Weak Password Alarms Generated After the Weak Password Detection Policy Is Disabled?
- How Do I Install a PAM and Set a Proper Password Complexity Policy in a Linux OS?
- How Do I Set a Proper Password Complexity Policy in a Windows OS?
- How Do I Handle Unsafe Configurations?
- How Do I View Configuration Check Reports?
- How Do I Handle a Weak Password Alarm?
- How Do I Set a Secure Password?
-
Web Tamper Protection
- Why Do I Need to Add a Protected Directory?
- How Do I Modify a Protected Directory?
- What Should I Do If WTP Cannot Be Enabled?
- How Do I Modify a File After WTP Is Enabled?
- What Can I Do If I Enabled Dynamic WTP But Its Status Is Enabled but not in effect?
- What Are the Differences Between the Web Tamper Protection Functions of HSS and WAF?
-
Container Security
- How Do I Disable Node Protection?
- How Do I Switch from CGS to HSS?
- How Do I Enable Node Protection?
- How Do I Enable the API Server Audit for an On-Premises Kubernetes Container?
- What Do I Do If the Container Cluster Protection Plug-in Fails to Be Uninstalled?
- What Do I Do If the Cluster Connection Component (ANP-Agent) Failed to Be Deployed?
- What Do I Do If Cluster Permissions Are Abnormal?
- Failed to Upload the Image to the Private Image Repository
- What Do I Do If I Failed to Enable Protection for a CCE Cluster?
- Ransomware Prevention
- Region and AZ
-
Security Configurations
- How Do I Clear the SSH Login IP Address Whitelist Configured in HSS?
- What Can I Do If I Cannot Remotely Log In to a Server via SSH?
- How Do I Use 2FA?
- What Do I Do If I Cannot Enable 2FA?
- Why Can't I Receive a Verification Code After 2FA Is Enabled?
- Why Does My Login Fail After I Enable 2FA?
- How Do I Add a Mobile Number or Email Address for 2FA?
- Do I Use a Fixed Verification Code for 2FA?
- Will I Be Billed for Alarm Notifications and SMS?
- How Do I Modify Alarm Notification Recipients?
- Why No Topics Are Available for Me to Choose When I Configure Alarm Notifications?
- Can I Disable HSS Alarm Notifications?
- How Do I Modify Alarm Notification Items?
- How Do I Disable the SELinux Firewall?
-
Protection Quota
- How Do I Extend the Validity Period of HSS Quotas?
- How Do I Filter Unprotected Servers?
- Why Can't I Find the Servers I Purchased on the Console?
- What Do I Do If My Quotas Are Insufficient and I Failed to Enable Protection?
- How Do I Allocate My Quota?
- If I Change the OS of a Protected Server, Does It Affect My HSS Quota?
- Why Doesn't an HSS Edition Take Effect After Purchase?
- How Do I Change the Protection Quota Edition Bound to a Server?
- Can I Bind a Server to an HSS Quota If They Are in Different Enterprise Projects?
- Billing, Renewal, and Unsubscription
-
Others
- How Do I Use the Windows Remote Desktop Connection Tool to Connect to a Windows Server?
- How Do I Check HSS Log Files?
- How Do I Enable Logging for Login Failures?
- How Do I Clear an Alarm on Critical File Changes?
- Why Can't I View All Projects in the Enterprise Project Drop-down List?
- How Do I Enable or Disable HSS Self-protection?
- What Do I Do If Windows Self-Protection Cannot Be Disabled?
- Why Is a Deleted ECS Still Displayed in the HSS Server List?
-
About HSS
- Videos
-
More Documents
-
User Guide (Ankara Region)
- Introduction
- Enabling HSS
- Server Security Dashboard
- Asset Management
- Risk Prevention
- Prevention
- Intrusion Detection
- Security Operations
- Security Report
- Installation & Configuration
- Permissions Management
-
FAQs
-
About HSS
- What Is HSS?
- What Is Container Security Service?
- What Is Web Tamper Protection?
- What Are the Relationships Between Images, Containers, and Applications?
- How Do I Use HSS?
- Can HSS Protect Local IDC Servers?
- Is HSS in Conflict with Any Other Security Software?
- What Are the Differences Between HSS and WAF?
- What Is the HSS Agent?
-
Agent FAQs
- Is the Agent in Conflict with Any Other Security Software?
- How Do I Install the Agent?
- How Do I Uninstall the Agent?
- What Should I Do If Agent Installation Failed?
- How Do I Fix an Abnormal Agent?
- What Is the Default Agent Installation Path?
- How Many CPU and Memory Resources Are Occupied by the Agent When It Performs Scans?
- Do WTP and HSS Use the Same Agent?
- How Do I View Servers Where No Agents Have Been Installed?
-
Brute-force Attack Defense
- How Does HSS Intercept Brute Force Attacks?
- How Do I Handle a Brute-force Attack Alarm?
- How Do I Defend Against Brute-force Attacks?
- How Do I Do If the Account Cracking Prevention Function Does Not Take Effect on Some Linux Accounts?
- How Do I Unblock an IP Address?
- What Do I Do If HSS Frequently Reports Brute-force Alarms?
- What Do I Do If My Remote Server Port Is Not Updated in Brute-force Attack Records?
- Weak Passwords and Unsafe Accounts
-
Intrusions
- What Do I Do If My Servers Are Subjected to a Mining Attack?
- Why a Process Is Still Isolated After It Was Whitelisted?
- What Do I Do If a Mining Process Is Detected on a Server?
- Why Some Attacks on Servers Are Not Detected?
- Can I Unblock an IP Address Blocked by HSS, and How?
- Why a Blocked IP Address Is Automatically Unblocked?
- How Often Does HSS Detect, Isolate, and Kill Malicious Programs?
- What Do I Do If an IP Address Is Blocked by HSS?
- How Do I Defend Against Ransomware Attacks?
- Abnormal Logins
- Unsafe Settings
- Vulnerability Management
-
Web Tamper Protection
- Why Do I Need to Add a Protected Directory?
- How Do I Modify a Protected Directory?
- What Should I Do If WTP Cannot Be Enabled?
- How Do I Modify a File After WTP Is Enabled?
- What Can I Do If I Enabled Dynamic WTP But Its Status Is Enabled but not in effect?
- What Are the Differences Between the Web Tamper Protection Functions of HSS and WAF?
- Container Guard Service
- Ransomware Protection
-
Security Configurations
- How Do I Clear the SSH Login IP Address Whitelist Configured in HSS?
- What Can I Do If I Cannot Remotely Log In to a Server via SSH?
- How Do I Use 2FA?
- What Do I Do If I Cannot Enable 2FA?
- Why Can't I Receive a Verification Code After 2FA Is Enabled?
- Why Does My Login Fail After I Enable 2FA?
- How Do I Add a Mobile Phone Number or Email Address for Receiving 2FA Verification Notifications?
- If I Choose to Use Verification Code for 2FA, How Do I Get the Code?
- How Do I Disable the SELinux Firewall?
- Quotas
-
Others
- How Do I Use the Windows Remote Desktop Connection Tool to Connect to a Server?
- How Do I Check HSS Log Files?
- How Do I Enable Logging for Login Failures?
- How Do I Clear an Alarm on Critical File Changes?
- Is HSS Available as Offline Software?
- How Do I Enable HSS Self-Protection?
- What Do I Do If HSS Self-Protection Cannot Be Disabled?
-
About HSS
- Change History
-
User Guide (ME-Abu Dhabi Region)
- Introduction
- Enabling HSS
- Server Security Dashboard
- Asset Management
- Risk Prevention
-
Prevention
- Application Protection
- WTP
- Ransomware Prevention
- File Integrity Monitoring
-
Container Firewalls
- Container Firewall Overview
- Creating a Policy (for a Cluster Using the Container Tunnel Network Model)
- Creating a Policy (for a Cluster Using the VPC Network Model)
- Managing Policies (for a Cluster Using the Container Tunnel Network Model)
- Managing Policies (for a Cluster Using the VPC Network Model)
- Intrusion Detection
- Security Operations
- Security Report
- Installation & Configuration
- Audit
- Permissions Management
- Manually Upgrading HSS
-
FAQs
- About HSS
-
Agent FAQs
- Is the Agent in Conflict with Any Other Security Software?
- How Do I Uninstall the Agent?
- What Should I Do If Agent Installation Failed?
- How Do I Fix an Abnormal Agent?
- What Is the Default Agent Installation Path?
- How Many CPU and Memory Resources Are Occupied by the Agent When It Performs Scans?
- Do WTP and HSS Use the Same Agent?
- How Do I View Servers Where No Agents Have Been Installed?
- What Can I Do If the Agent Status Is Still "Not installed" After Installation?
- What Do I Do If the HSS Upgrade Fails?
-
Brute-force Attack Defense
- How Does HSS Intercept Brute Force Attacks?
- How Do I Handle a Brute-force Attack Alarm?
- How Do I Defend Against Brute-force Attacks?
- What Do I Do If the Account Cracking Prevention Function Does Not Take Effect on Some Accounts for Linux Servers?
- How Do I Unblock an IP Address?
- What Do I Do If HSS Frequently Reports Brute-force Alarms?
- What Do I Do If My Remote Server Port Is Not Updated in Brute-force Attack Records?
- Weak Passwords and Unsafe Accounts
-
Intrusions
- What Do I Do If My Servers Are Subjected to a Mining Attack?
- Why a Process Is Still Isolated After It Was Whitelisted?
- What Do I Do If a Mining Process Is Detected on a Server?
- Why Some Attacks on Servers Are Not Detected?
- Can I Unblock an IP Address Blocked by HSS, and How?
- Why a Blocked IP Address Is Automatically Unblocked?
- How Often Does HSS Detect, Isolate, and Kill Malicious Programs?
- What Do I Do If an IP Address Is Blocked by HSS?
- How Do I Defend Against Ransomware Attacks?
- Abnormal Logins
- Unsafe Settings
- Vulnerability Management
-
Web Tamper Protection
- Why Do I Need to Add a Protected Directory?
- How Do I Modify a Protected Directory?
- What Should I Do If WTP Cannot Be Enabled?
- How Do I Modify a File After WTP Is Enabled?
- What Can I Do If I Enabled Dynamic WTP But Its Status Is Enabled but not in effect?
- What Are the Differences Between the Web Tamper Protection Functions of HSS and WAF?
- Container Guard Service
-
Security Configurations
- What Can I Do If I Cannot Remotely Log In to a Server via SSH?
- How Do I Use 2FA?
- Why Can't I Receive a Verification Code After 2FA Is Enabled?
- Why Does My Login Fail After I Enable 2FA?
- How Do I Add a Mobile Phone Number or Email Address for Receiving 2FA Verification Notifications?
- How Do I Disable the SELinux Firewall?
- Others
- Change History
-
User Guide (Paris)
- Introduction
- Enabling HSS
- Server Security Dashboard
-
Asset Management
- Asset Management
- Server Fingerprints
- Container Fingerprints
- Server Management
- Container Management
- Risk Prevention
-
Prevention
- WTP
- Ransomware Prevention
- File Integrity Monitoring
-
Container Firewalls
- Container Firewall Overview
- Creating a Policy (for a Cluster Using the Container Tunnel Network Model)
- Creating a Policy (for a Cluster Using the VPC Network Model)
- Managing Policies (for a Cluster Using the Container Tunnel Network Model)
- Managing Policies (for a Cluster Using the VPC Network Model)
- Intrusion Detection
- Security Operations
- Security Report
- Installation & Configuration
- Audit
- Permissions Management
- Manually Upgrading HSS
-
FAQs
- About HSS
-
Agent FAQs
- Is the Agent in Conflict with Any Other Security Software?
- How Do I Uninstall the Agent?
- What Should I Do If Agent Installation Failed?
- How Do I Fix an Abnormal Agent?
- What Is the Default Agent Installation Path?
- How Many CPU and Memory Resources Are Occupied by the Agent When It Performs Scans?
- Do WTP and HSS Use the Same Agent?
- How Do I View Servers Where No Agents Have Been Installed?
- What Can I Do If the Agent Status Is Still "Not installed" After Installation?
- What Addresses Do ECSs Access After the Agent Is Installed?
-
Brute-force Attack Defense
- How Does HSS Intercept Brute Force Attacks?
- How Do I Handle a Brute-force Attack Alarm?
- How Do I Defend Against Brute-force Attacks?
- What Do I Do If the Account Cracking Prevention Function Does Not Take Effect on Some Accounts for Linux Servers?
- How Do I Unblock an IP Address?
- What Do I Do If HSS Frequently Reports Brute-force Alarms?
- What Do I Do If My Remote Server Port Is Not Updated in Brute-force Attack Records?
- Weak Passwords and Unsafe Accounts
-
Intrusions
- What Do I Do If My Servers Are Subjected to a Mining Attack?
- Why a Process Is Still Isolated After It Was Whitelisted?
- What Do I Do If a Mining Process Is Detected on a Server?
- Why Some Attacks on Servers Are Not Detected?
- Can I Unblock an IP Address Blocked by HSS, and How?
- Why a Blocked IP Address Is Automatically Unblocked?
- How Often Does HSS Detect, Isolate, and Kill Malicious Programs?
- What Do I Do If an IP Address Is Blocked by HSS?
- How Do I Defend Against Ransomware Attacks?
- Abnormal Logins
- Unsafe Settings
-
Vulnerability Management
- How Do I Fix Vulnerabilities?
- What Do I Do If an Alarm Still Exists After I Fixed a Vulnerability?
- Why a Server Displayed in Vulnerability Information Does Not Exist?
- Do I Need to Restart a Server After Fixing its Vulnerabilities?
- Can I Check the Vulnerability and Baseline Fix History on HSS?
- What Do I Do If Vulnerability Fix Failed?
- Why Can't I Select a Server During Manual Vulnerability Scanning or Batch Vulnerability Fixing?
-
Web Tamper Protection
- Why Do I Need to Add a Protected Directory?
- How Do I Modify a Protected Directory?
- What Should I Do If WTP Cannot Be Enabled?
- How Do I Modify a File After WTP Is Enabled?
- What Can I Do If I Enabled Dynamic WTP But Its Status Is Enabled but not in effect?
- What Are the Differences Between the Web Tamper Protection Functions of HSS and WAF?
- Container Guard Service
-
Security Configurations
- How Do I Clear the SSH Login IP Address Whitelist Configured in HSS?
- What Can I Do If I Cannot Remotely Log In to a Server via SSH?
- How Do I Use 2FA?
- What Do I Do If I Cannot Enable 2FA?
- Why Can't I Receive a Verification Code After 2FA Is Enabled?
- Why Does My Login Fail After I Enable 2FA?
- How Do I Add a Mobile Phone Number or Email Address for Receiving 2FA Verification Notifications?
- If I Choose to Use Verification Code for 2FA, How Do I Get the Code?
- How Do I Modify Alarm Notification Recipients?
- Why No Topics Are Available for Me to Choose When I Configure Alarm Notifications?
- Can I Disable HSS Alarm Notifications?
- How Do I Modify Alarm Notification Items?
- How Do I Disable the SELinux Firewall?
-
Others
- How Do I Use the Windows Remote Desktop Connection Tool to Connect to a Server?
- How Do I Check HSS Log Files?
- How Do I Enable Logging for Login Failures?
- How Do I Clear an Alarm on Critical File Changes?
- Is HSS Available as Offline Software?
- Why Is a Deleted ECS Still Displayed in the HSS Server List?
- Change History
-
User Guide (Ankara Region)
- General Reference
Copied.
Using HSS to Monitor the Integrity of Linux Server Files
Scenario
File integrity means that the file content is not modified, deleted, or damaged without authorization during storage, transmission, and processing, ensuring the authenticity and reliability. Ensure file integrity in server security protection includes but is not limited to the following aspects:
- Data tampering prevention: File integrity monitoring prevents attackers from maliciously tampering with or damaging data and prevents data damage caused by software faults or misoperations of internal personnel, ensuring data integrity and authenticity.
- Improving server security: File integrity monitoring helps you quickly identify unauthorized file modification and take corresponding security measures, reducing potential security risks and improving server defense capabilities.
- Meet compliance requirements: Many industry standards and regulations require enterprises and organizations to protect the integrity and security of sensitive data. By monitoring file integrity, you can avoid legal risks and fines for data security issues.
HSS provides the server security alarm and file integrity management functions. HSS can monitor files or directories on the server and generate alarms for suspicious file or directory modification. This section describes how to use HSS functions to monitor the integrity of Linux server files.
Differentiated File Protection in Server Security Alarm and File Integrity Management
Both the server security alarm function and file integrity management function of HSS provide file integrity monitoring capabilities. The two functions can provide comprehensive security protection for files. For details about the differences, see Table 1.
Type |
Server Alarms |
File Integrity Monitoring (FIM) |
---|---|---|
Monitoring type |
Files and directories |
File |
Alarm type |
|
Key file change: Monitors key system files (such as ls, ps, login, and top) in real time and generates alarms for file content modification operations. |
File protection principle |
Conduct analysis based on behavior characteristics and focus on suspicious behaviors or activities. |
Focus on the integrity of the file and determine whether the current file status is different from the last time by comparing the file status. |
Supported OS |
|
Linux |
Advantages |
You can monitor not only files, but also directories, and monitor more types for changing files. |
File change records are stored permanently, helping O&M personnel investigate the behavior of attackers. |
Prerequisites
HSS Professional, Enterprise, Premium, Web Tamper Protection, or Container Edition has been enabled for the server. For details, see HSS Access Overview.
Procedure
- Configuration file protection policy.
- Log in to the management console.
- In the upper left corner of the page, select a region, click
, and choose Security & Compliance > Host Security Service.
- In the navigation pane, choose Security Operations > Policies.
NOTE:
If your servers are managed by enterprise projects, you can select the target enterprise project to view or operate the asset and detection information.
- Click the name of the policy group to access the policy detail list.
HSS provides multiple preset policy groups. After protection is enabled for a server, the preset system group is bound by default. You can also click Copy in the Operation column of a policy group. For details, see Creating a Custom Policy Group.
- Select the File Protection policy and click Enable in the Operation column to enable file protection detection.
The file protection policy is enabled by default. If you have disabled the policy, you need to enable it.
- Click the File Protection policy. The policy details page is displayed.
- Customize the monitoring file directory and monitoring operation type. For details about the parameters, see Table 2.
Table 2 displays the default values of file protection policies. You can customize file protection policies based on the site requirements. To prevent a large number of false alarms caused by file integrity changes and increase the O&M workload, you are advised to configure file protection policies as follows:
- Small-scale trial: When configuring the file protection policy for the first time, you are advised to perform the trial on a few servers.
- Policy tuning: Pay attention to the accuracy and applicability of policies during the validity period, and further improve the configured policies based on the results to reduce false positives.
- Formal application: After multiple policies tuning, if the matching result becomes stable and the false positives almost do not exist, the policy can be applied to more servers.
Figure 1 File protection policyTable 2 Parameter description Policy Module
Parameter
Default Parameter Value
Description
File Privilege Escalation
Check
Enabled
Detects privilege escalation.
: enabled
: disabled
Ignored File Paths
- /usr/lib64/hal/hald-runner
- /usr/sbin/hald
- /opt/nfast/sbin/privconn
- /usr/sbin/dhclient
- /usr/sbin/tcpdump
Enter the path of the file to be ignored.
Start the path with a slash (/) and do not end it with a slash (/). Each path occupies a line. No spaces are allowed between path names.
File Integrity
Check
Enabled
Detects the integrity of key files.: enabled
: disabled
File Paths
- /bin/ls
- /usr/bin/ls
- /bin/ps
- /usr/bin/ps
- /bin/bash
- /usr/bin/bash
- /bin/login
- /usr/bin/login
- /usr/bin/passwd
- /usr/bin/top
- /usr/bin/killall
- /usr/bin/ssh
- /usr/bin/wget
- /usr/bin/curl
Enter the path of the file.
Start the path with a slash (/) and do not end it with a slash (/). Each path occupies a line. No spaces are allowed between path names.
Important File Directory Change
Check
Enabled
Detects the directory change of key files.: enabled
: disabled
Session IP Whitelist
-
If the file process belongs to the sessions of the whitelisted IP addresses, the process is not audited.
Unmonitored File Types
- swo
- swp
- swpx
- lck
Suffix of the file type that is ignored.
Unmonitored File Paths
- /etc/init.d/.depend.start
- /etc/init.d/.depend.stop
- /etc/init.d/.depend.halt
- /etc/init.d/.depend.boot
- /var/spool/cron/sed*
Enter the path of the file to be ignored.
Monitoring Login Keys
Enable and select Monitor Creation, Monitor Deletion, Monitor Movement, and Monitor Modification.
Whether to enable the monitoring of login keys.: enabled
: disabled
Directory Monitoring Mode
There are many file directories to be monitored. The following describes only some monitoring paths. For details, go to the HSS management console.
- /etc/rc.d/rc.local
- /etc/cron.allow
- /etc/crontab
- /var/spool/cron/root
- /var/spool/cron/root
- /etc/cron.allow
- /etc/passwd
- /etc/profile.d/zzz_euleros_history.sh
- /etc/profile
The value of directory monitoring modes can be Conservative or Sensitive. Compared with the Conservative mode, the Sensitive mode monitors more file or directory paths by default.
In the two modes, some file or directory monitoring paths are preset. You can add or delete them as required.
- File or Directory Path: path of the file or directory to be monitored. Up to 50 paths can be added. Ensure the specified paths are valid.
- Alias: alias of a file or directory path. You can enter a name that is easy to distinguish.
- Monitor Subdirectory: If this option is selected, all files in the corresponding subdirectories are monitored. If it is not selected, subdirectories are not monitored.
- Monitor Creation, Monitor Deletion, Monitor Movement, and Monitor Modification: Select them as needed.
- (Optional) Deploy a policy for the server.
If you configure a file protection policy based on a newly created custom policy group in 1, you need to deploy the new policy group and apply it to the target server after creating and configuring the policy group. For details, see Deploying a Protection Policy.
- View and handle file change alarms.
HSS monitors the files or directory paths configured in the file protection policy in real time and generates alarms once detecting abnormal changes. After receiving an alarm, handle the alarm in a timely manner.
- In the navigation pane on the left, choose Detection & Response > Alarms. The Server Alarms page is displayed.
- In the list of alarms to be handled, expand Abnormal System Behavior and focus on several types of alarms related to file changes, as shown in Figure 2.
- Click an alarm of any type. In the alarm list on the right, click the alarm name to view the details.
Figure 3 Viewing alarm details
- Handle the alarm based on the Forensics information in the alarm details.
- Alarms caused by normal operations.
In the lower right corner of the alarm details page, click Ignore to ignore the alarm.
- Alarms caused by malicious files or programs.
- Check whether high-risk alarms, such as reverse shell, abnormal login, and malware, are generated on the server. If yes, the server may be attacked. Perform a security check on the server immediately.
- In the lower right corner of the alarm details page, click Mark as handled to clear the alarm.
- Alarms caused by normal operations.
- View the file change history.
The file integrity management page keeps file change records on the server, helping you locate suspicious changes.
- In the navigation pane on the left, choose Server Protection > File Integrity Monitoring. The File Integrity Monitoring page is displayed.
- View the file changes on the ECS.
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