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About OBS

Updated on 2024-10-17 GMT+08:00

OBS Overview

Object Storage Service (OBS) is a scalable service that provides secure, reliable, and cost-effective cloud storage for massive amounts of data.

OBS provides unlimited storage capacity for objects of any format, catering to the needs of common users, websites, enterprises, and developers. There is no limitation on the storage capacity of the entire OBS system or of a single bucket, and any number of objects can be stored. As a web service, OBS supports APIs over Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (HTTPS). You can use OBS Console or OBS tools to access and manage data stored in OBS anytime, anywhere. With OBS SDKs and APIs, you can easily manage data stored in OBS and develop upper-layer applications.

OBS infrastructures are deployed in multiple regions across the globe, which delivers high scalability and reliability. You can deploy OBS in specific regions for faster access at an affordable price.

Product Architecture

OBS basically consists of buckets and objects.

A bucket is a container for storing objects in OBS. Each bucket is specific to a region and has specific storage class and access permissions. A bucket is accessible through its access domain name over the Internet.

An object is the fundamental storage unit in OBS. An object consists of the following:

  • A key that specifies the name of an object. An object key is a UTF-8 string up to 1,024 characters long. Each object is uniquely identified by a key within a bucket.
  • Metadata that describes an object. The metadata is a set of key-value pairs that are assigned to objects stored in OBS. There are two types of metadata: system-defined metadata and custom metadata.
    • System-defined metadata is automatically assigned by OBS for processing objects. Such metadata includes Date, Content-Length, Last-Modified, ETag, and more.
    • You can specify custom metadata to describe the object when you upload an object to OBS.
  • Data that refers to the content of an object.

By means of secondary development based on OBS REST APIs, OBS Console, SDKs, and a variety of tools are provided for you to use OBS. You can also use OBS SDKs and APIs to develop applications customized for your business needs.

Figure 1 Product architecture

Storage Classes

OBS offers the storage classes below to meet your requirements for storage performance and costs. You can change buckets and objects between storage classes. To learn billing for different storage classes, see Storage Space.

  • Standard: The Standard storage class features low latency and high throughput. It is therefore good for storing frequently (multiple times per month) accessed files or small files (less than 1 MB). Its application scenarios include big data analytics, mobile apps, hot videos, and social apps.
  • Infrequent Access: The Infrequent Access storage class is for storing data that is infrequently (less than 12 times per year) accessed, but when needed, the access has to be fast. It can be used for file synchronization, file sharing, enterprise backups, and many other scenarios. This storage class has the same durability, low latency, and high throughput as the Standard storage class, with a lower cost, but its availability is slightly lower than the Standard storage class.
  • Archive: The Archive storage class is ideal for storing data that is rarely (once per year) accessed. Its application scenarios include data archive and long-term backups. This storage class is secure, durable, and inexpensive, so it can be used to replace tape libraries. To keep cost low, it may take hours to restore data from the Archive storage class.

An object uploaded to a bucket inherits the storage class of the bucket by default. You can also specify a storage class for an object when you upload it.

Changing the storage class of a bucket does not change the storage classes of existing objects in the bucket, but newly uploaded objects will inherit the new storage class.

Table 1 Comparison of storage classes

Item

Standard

Infrequent Access

Archive

Deep Archive (Under Limited Beta Testing)

Feature

Top-notch performance, high reliability and availability

Reliable, inexpensive storage with real-time access

Long-term, inexpensive storage for Archive data

Long-term storage for Deep Archive data, with a lower unit price than Archive storage

Application scenarios

Cloud applications, data sharing, content sharing, and hot data storage

Web disk applications, enterprise backup, active archiving, and data monitoring

Storage of archives, medical imaging data, and videos, as well as replacement of tape libraries

Archive data that is barely accessed

Designed durability

99.999999999%

99.999999999%

99.999999999%

99.999999999%

Designed durability (multi-AZ)

99.9999999999%

99.9999999999%

Not supported

Not supported

Designed availability

99.99%

99%

99%

99%

Designed availability (multi-AZ)

99.995%

99.5%

Not supported

Not supported

Minimum storage duration

N/A

30 days

90 days

180 days

Minimum billable object sizea

64 KB

64 KB

64 KB

64 KB

Data restore

N/A

Billed for each GB restored.

Data can be restored at a standard or an expedited speed.

Billed for each GB restored.

Data can be restored at a standard or an expedited speed.

Billed for each GB restored.

Image processing

Supported

Supported

Not supported

Not supported

NOTE:

The minimum storage duration is the minimum billable storage duration. This means that objects will be billed for the minimum storage duration even if they are not stored for that long. For example, if an Infrequent Access object is deleted after being stored in OBS for 20 days, it will be billed for the storage of 30 days (the minimum storage duration for Infrequent Access).

Accessing OBS

OBS provides various resource management tools. You can use any of the tools listed in Table 2 to access and manage resources in OBS.

Table 2 OBS resource management tools

Tool

Description

How to Use

OBS Console

OBS Console is a web-based GUI for you to easily manage OBS resources.

Console Operation Guide

OBS Browser (abandoned)

OBS Browser has been taken offline since April 15, 2020. Its functions are inherited by the new client tool OBS Browser+ that provides you with better experience. Download the latest OBS Browser+. We apologize for any inconvenience and appreciate your understanding.

-

OBS Browser+

OBS Browser+ is a Windows client that lets you easily manage OBS resources from your desktop.

OBS Browser+ Tool Guide

obsutil

obsutil is a command line tool for you to perform common configuration and management operations on OBS. If you are comfortable using the command line interface (CLI), obsutil is recommended for batch processing and automated tasks.

obsutil Tool Guide

obsfs

obsfs is an OBS tool based on Filesystem in Userspace (FUSE). It helps you mount parallel file systems to Linux, so that you can easily access virtually unlimited storage space of OBS the same way as you would use a regular local file system.

obsfs Tool Guide

SDKs

OBS SDKs encapsulate the REST API provided by OBS to simplify development. You can call API functions provided by the OBS SDKs to enjoy OBS capabilities.

SDK Reference

APIs

OBS offers the REST API for you to access it from web applications with ease. By making API calls, you can upload and download data anytime, anywhere over the Internet.

API Reference

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