Help Center/ GaussDB(DWS)/ Developer Guide/ Standard data warehouse (9.1.0.x)/ Using PostGIS Extension/ PostGIS Support and Constraints
Updated on 2024-12-18 GMT+08:00
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PostGIS Support and Constraints

Supported Data Types

In GaussDB(DWS), PostGIS Extension support the following data types:

  • box2d
  • box3d
  • geometry_dump
  • geometry
  • geography
  • raster
If PostGIS is used by a user other than the creator of the PostGIS, set the following GUC parameters: 
SET behavior_compat_options = 'bind_procedure_searchpath';

Supported Operators and Functions

The ST_Intersects function in PostGIS uses a caching strategy that enables a high cache hit ratio for the spatial data structures of foreign tables. When there is a significant disparity in the width between the inner and foreign tables, caching the wide table's data avoid the repeated loading of large objects, leading to significant performance enhancements. Practically, leveraging Join Order Hints to designate a wide table as the foreign table ensures that the execution plan is optimized for such scenarios.

Table 1 Operators and functions supported by PostGIS2.4.2

Category

Function

Management functions

AddGeometryColumn, DropGeometryColumn, DropGeometryTable, PostGIS_Full_Version, PostGIS_GEOS_Version, PostGIS_Liblwgeom_Version, PostGIS_Lib_Build_Date, PostGIS_Lib_Version, PostGIS_PROJ_Version, PostGIS_Scripts_Build_Date, PostGIS_Scripts_Installed, PostGIS_Version, PostGIS_LibXML_Version, PostGIS_Scripts_Released, Populate_Geometry_Columns, UpdateGeometrySRID

Geometry constructors

ST_BdPolyFromText, ST_BdMPolyFromText, ST_Box2dFromGeoHash, ST_GeogFromText, ST_GeographyFromText, ST_GeogFromWKB, ST_GeomCollFromText, ST_GeomFromEWKB, ST_GeomFromEWKT, ST_GeometryFromText, ST_GeomFromGeoHash, ST_GeomFromGML, ST_GeomFromGeoJSON, ST_GeomFromKML, ST_GMLToSQL, ST_GeomFromText, ST_GeomFromWKB, ST_LineFromMultiPoint, ST_LineFromText, ST_LineFromWKB, ST_LinestringFromWKB, ST_MakeBox2D, ST_3DMakeBox, ST_MakeEnvelope, ST_MakePolygon, ST_MakePoint, ST_MakePointM, ST_MLineFromText, ST_MPointFromText, ST_MPolyFromText, ST_Point, ST_PointFromGeoHash, ST_PointFromText, ST_PointFromWKB, ST_Polygon, ST_PolygonFromText, ST_WKBToSQL, ST_WKTToSQL

Geometry accessors

GeometryType, ST_Boundary, ST_CoordDim, ST_Dimension, ST_EndPoint, ST_Envelope, ST_ExteriorRing, ST_GeometryN, ST_GeometryType, ST_InteriorRingN, ST_IsClosed, ST_IsCollection, ST_IsEmpty, ST_IsRing, ST_IsSimple, ST_IsValid, ST_IsValidReason, ST_IsValidDetail, ST_M, ST_NDims, ST_NPoints, ST_NRings, ST_NumGeometries, ST_NumInteriorRings, ST_NumInteriorRing, ST_NumPatches, ST_NumPoints, ST_PatchN, ST_PointN, ST_SRID, ST_StartPoint, ST_Summary, ST_X, ST_XMax, ST_XMin, ST_Y, ST_YMax, ST_YMin, ST_Z, ST_ZMax, ST_Zmflag, ST_ZMin

Geometry editors

ST_AddPoint, ST_Affine, ST_Force2D, ST_Force3D, ST_Force3DZ, ST_Force3DM, ST_Force4D, ST_ForceCollection, ST_ForceSFS, ST_ForceRHR, ST_LineMerge, ST_CollectionExtract, ST_CollectionHomogenize, ST_Multi, ST_RemovePoint, ST_Reverse, ST_Rotate, ST_RotateX, ST_RotateY, ST_RotateZ, ST_Scale, ST_Segmentize, ST_SetPoint, ST_SetSRID, ST_SnapToGrid, ST_Snap, ST_Transform, ST_Translate, ST_TransScale

Geometry outputs

ST_AsBinary, ST_AsEWKB, ST_AsEWKT, ST_AsGeoJSON, ST_AsGML, ST_AsHEXEWKB, ST_AsKML, ST_AsLatLonText, ST_AsSVG, ST_AsText, ST_AsX3D, ST_GeoHash

Operators

&&, &&&, &<, &<|, &>, <<, <<|, =, >>, @, |&>, |>>, ~, ~=, <->, <#>

Spatial relationships and measurements

ST_3DClosestPoint, ST_3DDistance, ST_3DDWithin, ST_3DDFullyWithin, ST_3DIntersects, ST_3DLongestLine, ST_3DMaxDistance, ST_3DShortestLine, ST_Area, ST_Azimuth, ST_Centroid, ST_ClosestPoint, ST_Contains, ST_ContainsProperly, ST_Covers, ST_CoveredBy, ST_Crosses, ST_LineCrossingDirection, ST_Disjoint, ST_Distance, ST_HausdorffDistance, ST_MaxDistance, ST_DistanceSphere, ST_DistanceSpheroid, ST_DFullyWithin, ST_DWithin, ST_Equals, ST_HasArc, ST_Intersects, ST_Length, ST_Length2D, ST_3DLength, ST_Length_Spheroid, ST_Length2D_Spheroid, ST_3DLength_Spheroid, ST_LongestLine, ST_OrderingEquals, ST_Overlaps, ST_Perimeter, ST_Perimeter2D, ST_3DPerimeter, ST_PointOnSurface, ST_Project, ST_Relate, ST_RelateMatch, ST_ShortestLine, ST_Touches, ST_Within

Geometry processing

ST_Buffer, ST_BuildArea, ST_Collect, ST_ConcaveHull, ST_ConvexHull, ST_CurveToLine, ST_DelaunayTriangles, ST_Difference, ST_Dump, ST_DumpPoints, ST_DumpRings, ST_FlipCoordinates, ST_Intersection, ST_LineToCurve, ST_MakeValid, ST_MemUnion, ST_MinimumBoundingCircle, ST_Polygonize, ST_Node, ST_OffsetCurve, ST_RemoveRepeatedPoints, ST_SharedPaths, ST_Shift_Longitude, ST_Simplify, ST_SimplifyPreserveTopology, ST_Split, ST_SymDifference, ST_Union, ST_UnaryUnion

Linear referencing

ST_LineInterpolatePoint, ST_LineLocatePoint, ST_LineSubstring, ST_LocateAlong, ST_LocateBetween, ST_LocateBetweenElevations, ST_InterpolatePoint, ST_AddMeasure

Miscellaneous functions

ST_Accum, Box2D, Box3D, ST_Expand, ST_Extent, ST_3Dextent, Find_SRID, ST_MemSize

Exceptional functions

PostGIS_AddBBox, PostGIS_DropBBox, PostGIS_HasBBox

Raster Management Functions

AddRasterConstraints, DropRasterConstraints, AddOverviewConstraints, DropOverviewConstraints, PostGIS_GDAL_Version, PostGIS_Raster_Lib_Build_Date, PostGIS_Raster_Lib_Version, and ST_GDALDrivers, and UpdateRasterSRID

Raster Constructors

ST_AddBand, ST_AsRaster, ST_Band, ST_MakeEmptyRaster, ST_Tile, and ST_FromGDALRaster

Raster Accessors

ST_GeoReference, ST_Height, ST_IsEmpty, ST_MetaData, ST_NumBands, ST_PixelHeight, ST_PixelWidth, ST_ScaleX, ST_ScaleY, ST_RasterToWorldCoord, ST_RasterToWorldCoordX, ST_RasterToWorldCoordY, ST_Rotation, ST_SkewX, ST_SkewY, ST_SRID, ST_Summary, ST_UpperLeftX, ST_UpperLeftY, ST_Width, ST_WorldToRasterCoord, ST_WorldToRasterCoordX, ST_WorldToRasterCoordY

Raster Band Accessors

ST_BandMetaData, ST_BandNoDataValue, ST_BandIsNoData, ST_BandPath, ST_BandPixelType, and ST_HasNoBand

Raster Pixel Accessors and Setters

ST_PixelAsPolygon, ST_PixelAsPolygons, ST_PixelAsPoint, ST_PixelAsPoints, ST_PixelAsCentroid, ST_PixelAsCentroids, ST_Value, ST_NearestValue, ST_Neighborhood, ST_SetValue, ST_SetValues, ST_DumpValues, and ST_PixelOfValue

Raster Editors

ST_SetGeoReference, ST_SetRotation, ST_SetScale, ST_SetSkew, ST_SetSRID, ST_SetUpperLeft, ST_Resample, ST_Rescale, ST_Reskew, and ST_SnapToGrid, ST_Resize, and ST_Transform

Raster Band Editors

ST_SetBandNoDataValue and ST_SetBandIsNoData

Raster Band Statistics and Analytics

ST_Count, ST_CountAgg, ST_Histogram, ST_Quantile, ST_SummaryStats, ST_SummaryStatsAgg, and ST_ValueCount

Raster Outputs

ST_AsBinary, ST_AsGDALRaster, ST_AsJPEG, ST_AsPNG, and ST_AsTIFF

Raster Processing

ST_Clip, ST_ColorMap, ST_Intersection, ST_MapAlgebra, ST_Reclass, and ST_Union ST_Distinct4ma, ST_InvDistWeight4ma, ST_Max4ma, ST_Mean4ma, ST_Min4ma, ST_MinDist4ma, ST_Range4ma, ST_StdDev4ma, and ST _Sum4ma, ST_Aspect, ST_HillShade, ST_Roughness, ST_Slope, ST_TPI, ST_TRI, Box3D, ST_ConvexHull, ST_DumpAsPolygons, and ST_ Envelope, ST_MinConvexHull, ST_Polygon, ST_Contains, ST_ContainsProperly, ST_Covers, ST_CoveredBy, ST_Disjoint, ST_Intersects, and ST_Overlaps, ST_Touches, ST_SameAlignment, ST_NotSameAlignmentReason, ST_Within, ST_DWithin, and ST_DFullyWithin

Raster Operators

&&, &<, &>, =, @, ~=, and ~
Table 2 Operators and functions supported by PostGIS3.2.2

Category

Function

Management functions

AddGeometryColumn, DropGeometryColumn, DropGeometryTable, PostGIS_Full_Version, PostGIS_GEOS_Version, PostGIS_Liblwgeom_Version, PostGIS_Lib_Build_Date, PostGIS_Lib_Version, PostGIS_PROJ_Version, PostGIS_Scripts_Build_Date, PostGIS_Scripts_Installed, PostGIS_Version, PostGIS_LibXML_Version, PostGIS_Scripts_Released, Populate_Geometry_Columns, UpdateGeometrySRID, PostGIS_Libprotobuf_Version, PostGIS_Wagyu_Version

Geometry constructors

ST_BdPolyFromText, ST_BdMPolyFromText, ST_Box2dFromGeoHash, ST_GeneratePoints, ST_GeogFromText, ST_GeographyFromText, ST_GeogFromWKB, ST_GeomCollFromText, ST_GeomFromEWKB, ST_GeomFromEWKT, ST_GeometryFromText, ST_GeomFromGeoHash, ST_GeomFromGML, ST_GeomFromGeoJSON, ST_GeomFromKML, ST_GMLToSQL, ST_GeomFromText, ST_GeomFromWKB, ST_LineFromMultiPoint, ST_LineFromText, ST_LineFromWKB, ST_LinestringFromWKB, ST_MakeBox2D, ST_3DMakeBox, ST_MakeEnvelope, ST_MakePolygon, ST_MakePoint, ST_MakePointM, ST_MLineFromText, ST_MPointFromText, ST_MPolyFromText, ST_Point, ST_Points, ST_PointFromGeoHash, ST_PointFromText, ST_PointFromWKB, ST_Polygon, ST_PolygonFromText, ST_WKBToSQL, ST_WKTToSQL, Geography_Distance_Knn, Geometry_Distance_Cpa, Geometry_Hash, ST_3Dlineinterpolate, ST_AsEncodedPolyline

Geometry accessors

GeometryType, ST_Boundary, ST_CoordDim, ST_Dimension, ST_EndPoint, ST_Envelope, ST_ExteriorRing, ST_GeometryN, ST_GeometryType, ST_InteriorRingN, ST_IsClosed, ST_IsCollection, ST_IsEmpty, ST_IsPolygonCCW, ST_IsPolygonCW, ST_IsRing, ST_IsSimple, ST_IsValid, ST_IsValidReason, ST_IsValidDetail, ST_M, ST_NDims, ST_NPoints, ST_NRings, ST_NumGeometries, ST_NumInteriorRings, ST_NumInteriorRing, ST_NumPatches, ST_NumPoints, ST_PatchN, ST_PointN, ST_SRID, ST_StartPoint, ST_Summary, ST_X, ST_XMax, ST_XMin, ST_Y, ST_YMax, ST_YMin, ST_Z, ST_ZMax, ST_Zmflag, ST_ZMin, ST_Wrapx, ST_Asmvt

Geometry editors

ST_AddPoint, ST_Affine, ST_Force2D, ST_Force3D, ST_Force3DZ, ST_Force3DM, ST_Force4D, ST_ForceCollection, ST_ForcePolygonCCW, ST_ForcePolygonCW, ST_ForceSFS, ST_ForceRHR, ST_LineMerge, ST_CollectionExtract, ST_CollectionHomogenize, ST_Multi, ST_Normalize, ST_RemovePoint, ST_Reverse, ST_Rotate, ST_RotateX, ST_RotateY, ST_RotateZ, ST_Scale, ST_Segmentize, ST_SetPoint, ST_SetSRID, ST_SnapToGrid, ST_Snap, ST_Transform, ST_Translate, ST_TransScale, ST_AsmvtGeom, ST_isvalidTrajectory, ST_linefromencodedpolyline, ST_lineinterpolatepoints, ST_MaximuminScribedCircle, ST_OrientedEnvelope, ST_QuantizeCoordinates, ST_ReducePrecision, ST_Scroll, ST_SetEffectiveArea, ST_simplifyvw, ST_square, ST_squaregrid, ST_Swapordinates, ST_Voronoilines, ST_VoronoiPolygons

Geometry outputs

ST_AsBinary, ST_AsEWKB, ST_AsEWKT, ST_AsGeoJSON, ST_AsGML, ST_AsHEXEWKB, ST_AsKML, ST_AsLatLonText , ST_AsSVG, ST_AsText, ST_AsTwkb, ST_AsX3D, ST_GeoHash, Json, Jsonb, ST_GeomfromGeojson

Operators

&& , &&& , &< , &<|, &> , << , <<|, =, >> , @ , |&> , |>> , ~, ~=, <-> , <#> , <-> , |=|, <<->>

Spatial relationships and measurements

ST_3DClosestPoint, ST_3DDistance, ST_3DDWithin, ST_3DDFullyWithin, ST_3DIntersects, ST_3DLongestLine, ST_3DMaxDistance, ST_3DShortestLine, ST_Area, ST_Azimuth, ST_Centroid, ST_ClosestPoint, ST_Contains, ST_ContainsProperly, ST_Covers, ST_CoveredBy, ST_Crosses, ST_LineCrossingDirection, ST_Disjoint, ST_Distance, ST_HausdorffDistance, ST_MaxDistance, ST_DistanceSphere, ST_DistanceSpheroid, ST_DFullyWithin, ST_DWithin, ST_Equals, ST_HasArc, ST_Intersects, ST_Length, ST_Length2D, ST_3DLength, ST_LengthSpheroid, ST_Length2DSpheroid, ST_LongestLine, ST_MinimumBoundingRadius, ST_OrderingEquals, ST_Overlaps, ST_Perimeter, ST_Perimeter2D, ST_3DPerimeter, ST_PointOnSurface, ST_Project, ST_Relate, ST_RelateMatch, ST_ShortestLine, ST_Touches, ST_Within, _ST_DistancerectTree, _ST_DistancerectTreeCached, _ST_SorTableHash

Geometry processing

ST_Buffer, ST_BuildArea, ST_ClipByBox2D, ST_ClusterDBSCAN, ST_ClusterIntersecting, ST_ClusterKMeans, ST_ClusterWithin, ST_Collect, ST_ConcaveHull, ST_ConvexHull, ST_CurveToLine, ST_DelaunayTriangles, ST_Difference, ST_Dump, ST_DumpPoints, ST_DumpRings, ST_FlipCoordinates, ST_Intersection, ST_LineToCurve, ST_MakeValid, ST_MemUnion, ST_MinimumBoundingCircle, ST_Polygonize, ST_Node, ST_OffsetCurve, ST_RemoveRepeatedPoints, ST_SharedPaths, ST_ShiftLongitude, ST_Simplify, ST_SimplifyPreserveTopology, ST_Split, ST_Subdivide, ST_SymDifference, ST_Union, ST_UnaryUnion, ST_BoundingDiagonal, ST_ChaikinsMoothing, ST_ClosestPointofApproach, ST_CollectionExtract, ST_CPAwithin, ST_DistanceCPA, ST_DumpSegments, ST_EstimatedExtent, ST_Filterbym, ST_SetEffectiveArea, ST_Forcecurve

Linear referencing

ST_LineInterpolatePoint, ST_LineLocatePoint, ST_LineSubstring, ST_LocateAlong, ST_LocateBetween, ST_LocateBetweenElevations, ST_InterpolatePoint, ST_AddMeasure

Miscellaneous functions

Array_Agg, Box2D, Box3D, ST_Expand, ST_Extent, ST_3Dextent, Find_SRID, ST_MemSize

Exceptional functions

PostGIS_AddBBox, PostGIS_DropBBox, PostGIS_HasBBox

Spatial Indexes

In GaussDB(DWS), PostGIS Extension supports Generalized Search Tree (GIST) spatial indexes. This index type is inapplicable to partitioned tables. Different from B-tree indexes, GIS indexes are adaptable to all kinds of irregular data structures, which can effectively improve the retrieval efficiency for geometry and geographic data.

Run the following command to create a GiST index:

1
 
CREATE INDEX indexname ON tablename USING GIST ( geometryfield );

Extension Constraints

  • Only row-store tables are supported. Column-store indexes are not supported.
  • Only Oracle-compatible databases are supported.
  • The topology object management module, Topology, is not supported.
  • BRIN indexes are not supported.
  • The spatial_ref_sys table can only be queried during scale-out.

Plug-in Upgrade Compatibility

When upgrading from PostGIS 2.4.2 to 3.2.2, note that certain functions may become incompatible or not fully forward compatible. This can lead to inconsistencies in the functionality before and after the upgrade. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the impact of upgrade incompatibility on your services.

The following table provides compatibility details for related functions.

Category

PostGIS 2.4.2

PostGIS 3.2.2

Added functions in 3.2.2

N/A

ST_IsPolygonCW(geometry)

N/A

ST_IsPolygonCCW(geometry)

N/A

ST_PointInsideCircle(geometry,float8,float8,float8)

N/A

ST_ForcePolygonCW(geometry)

N/A

ST_ForcePolygonCCW(geometry)

N/A

ST_Normalize(geom geometry)

N/A

ST_AsTWKB(geom geometry, prec int4 default 0, prec_z int4 default 0, prec_m int4 default 0, with_sizes boolean default false, with_boxes boolean default false)

N/A

ST_AsTWKB(geom geometry[], ids bigint[], prec int4 default 0, prec_z int4 default 0, prec_m int4 default 0, with_sizes boolean default false, with_boxes boolean default false)

N/A

ST_MakeLine (geometry[])

N/A

ST_TileEnvelope(zoom integer, x integer, y integer, bounds geometry DEFAULT 'SRID=3857;LINESTRING(-20037508.342789244 -20037508.342789244, 20037508.342789244 20037508.342789244)'::geometry, margin float8 DEFAULT 0.0)

N/A

ST_ClusterIntersecting(geometry[])

N/A

ST_ClusterWithin(geometry[], float8)

N/A

ST_ClusterDBSCAN (geometry, eps float8, minpoints int)

N/A

ST_Scale(geometry,geometry,origin geometry)

N/A

ST_GeneratePoints(area geometry, npoints integer, seed integer)

N/A

ST_FrechetDistance(geom1 geometry, geom2 geometry, float8 default -1)

N/A

ST_Points(geometry)

N/A

ST_ClipByBox2d(geom geometry, box box2d)

N/A

ST_Subdivide(geom geometry, maxvertices integer DEFAULT 256, gridSize float8 DEFAULT -1.0)

N/A

ST_ClusterIntersecting (geometry)

N/A

ST_ClusterWithin (geometry, float8)

N/A

ST_ClusterKMeans(geom geometry, k integer, max_radius float8 default null)

N/A

ST_AsText(geometry, int4)

N/A

ST_AsEWKT(geography, int4)

N/A

_ST_CoveredBy(geog1 geography, geog2 geography)

N/A

ST_Point(float8, float8, srid integer)

Functions no longer supported in 3.2.2

ST_3DLength_spheroid(geometry, spheroid)

N/A

ST_length2d_spheroid(geometry, spheroid)

N/A

ST_locate_between_measures(geometry, float8, float8)

N/A

ST_locate_along_measure(geometry, float8)

N/A

ST_Buffer(geometry,float8,text)

N/A

ST_GeneratePoints(area geometry, npoints integer)

N/A

ST_Combine_BBox(box3d,geometry)

N/A

ST_Combine_BBox(box2d,geometry)

N/A

pgis_abs_in(cstring)

N/A

pgis_abs_out(pgis_abs)

N/A

pgis_abs ( internallength = 16, input = pgis_abs_in, output = pgis_abs_out, alignment = double)

N/A

ST_MemUnion(geometry)

N/A

pgis_geometry_accum_finalfn(pgis_abs)

N/A

ST_MakeLine (geometry)

N/A

ST_Accum (geometry)

N/A

ST_Accum (geometry)

N/A

_ST_AsKML(int4,geometry, int4, text)

N/A

ST_MemUnion(geometry)

N/A

_ST_AsGeoJson(int4, geometry, int4, int4)

N/A

ST_AsGeoJson(gj_version int4, geom geometry, maxdecimaldigits int4 DEFAULT 15, options int4 DEFAULT 0)

N/A

_ST_DWithin(geography, geography, float8, boolean)

N/A

ST_point_inside_circle(geometry,float8,float8,float8)

N/A

ST_CurveToLine(geometry)

N/A

ST_Shift_Longitude(geometry)

Use ST_ShiftLongitude instead.

ST_find_extent(text,text,text) and ST_find_extent(text,text)

Use ST_FindExtent instead.

ST_mem_size(geometry)

Use ST_MemSize instead.

ST_length_spheroid(geometry, spheroid)

Use ST_LengthSpheroid instead.

ST_distance_spheroid(geom1 geometry, geom2 geometry,spheroid)

Use ST_DistanceSpheroid instead.

ST_force_2d(geometry)

Use ST_Force2D instead.

ST_force_3dz(geometry)

Use ST_Force3DZ instead.

ST_force_3d(geometry)

Use ST_Force3D instead.

ST_force_3dm(geometry)

Use ST_Force3DM instead.

ST_force_4d(geometry)

Use ST_Force4D instead.

ST_force_collection(geometry)

Use ST_ForceCollection instead.

ST_line_locate_point(geom1 geometry, geom2 geometry)

Use ST_LineLocatePoint instead.

ST_line_interpolate_point(geometry, float8)

Use ST_LineInterpolatePoint instead.

ST_Buffer(geometry,float8)

Use ST_Buffer instead.

Functions with parameter type changed in 3.2.2

pgis_geometry_accum_transfn(pgis_abs, geometry)

pgis_geometry_accum_transfn(internal, geometry)

pgis_geometry_accum_transfn(pgis_abs, geometry, float8)

pgis_geometry_accum_transfn(internal, geometry, float8)

pgis_geometry_accum_transfn(pgis_abs, geometry, float8, int)

pgis_geometry_accum_transfn(internal, geometry, float8, int)

pgis_geometry_union_finalfn(pgis_abs)

pgis_geometry_union_finalfn(internal)

pgis_geometry_collect_finalfn(pgis_abs)

pgis_geometry_collect_finalfn(internal)

pgis_geometry_polygonize_finalfn(pgis_abs)

pgis_geometry_polygonize_finalfn(internal)

pgis_geometry_clusterintersecting_finalfn(pgis_abs)

pgis_geometry_clusterintersecting_finalfn(internal)

ST_Union (geometry)

ST_Union (geometry)

ST_Collect (geometry)

ST_Collect (geometry)

ST_Buffer(geometry,float8,integer)

ST_Buffer(geom geometry, radius float8, quadsegs integer)

Functions with API changed in 3.2.2

ST_AsKML(version int4, geom geometry, maxdecimaldigits int4 DEFAULT 15, nprefix text DEFAULT null)

ST_AsKML(geom geometry, maxdecimaldigits int4 DEFAULT 15, nprefix TEXT default ' ')

ST_AsKML(geom geometry, maxdecimaldigits int4 DEFAULT 15)

ST_AsKML(geom geometry, maxdecimaldigits int4 DEFAULT 15, nprefix TEXT default ' ')

ST_AsKML(version int4, geom geometry, maxdecimaldigits int4 DEFAULT 15, nprefix text DEFAULT null)

ST_AsGML(version int4, geog geography, maxdecimaldigits int4 DEFAULT 15, options int4 DEFAULT 0, nprefix text DEFAULT 'gml', id text DEFAULT '')

Functions with default parameters changed in 3.2.2

ST_SymDifference(geom1 geometry, geom2 geometry)

ST_SymDifference(geom1 geometry, geom2 geometry, gridSize float8 DEFAULT -1.0)

ST_UnaryUnion(geometry)

ST_UnaryUnion(geometry, gridSize float8 DEFAULT -1.0)

ST_AsGeoJson(geom geometry, maxdecimaldigits int4 DEFAULT 15, options int4 DEFAULT 0)

ST_AsGeoJson(geom geometry, maxdecimaldigits int4 DEFAULT 9, options int4 DEFAULT 8)

ST_Buffer(geometry,float8,cstring)

ST_Buffer(geom geometry, radius float8, options text DEFAULT ' ')

_ST_DWithin(geography, geography, float8, boolean)

_ST_DWithin(geog1 geography, geog2 geography, tolerance float8, use_spheroid boolean DEFAULT true)

ST_IsValidDetail(geometry)

ST_IsValidDetail(geom geometry, flags int4 DEFAULT 0)

ST_CurveToLine(geom geometry, tol float8, toltype integer, flags integer)

ST_CurveToLine(geom geometry, tol float8 DEFAULT 32, toltype integer DEFAULT 0, flags integer DEFAULT 0)

Functions supported hash join and merge join in 3.2.2

OPERATOR =

OPERATOR =

Functions with commutor undefined in 3.2.2

OPERATOR &< ,OPERATOR &<|,OPERATOR |&>

OPERATOR &< ,OPERATOR &<|,OPERATOR |&>
Parent topic: Using PostGIS Extension