- What's New
- Function Overview
- Product Bulletin
- Service Overview
- Billing
- Getting Started
-
User Guide
- Permissions Management
- Buying a GaussDB Instance
- GaussDB Instance Connection
-
Database Migration
- Overview of GaussDB Migration Solutions
- Using DRS to Migrate Data from Oracle Database to GaussDB
- Using DRS to Migrate Data from MySQL Database to GaussDB
- Migrating Data to GaussDB Using the Export and Import Functions of DAS
- Using the copy to/from Command to Export and Import Data
- Using CopyManager in JDBC to Export and Import Data
- Using gs_dump and gs_dumpall to Export Data
- Using gs_restore to Import Data
- Using gs_loader to Import Data
- Database Use
-
Instance Management
- Viewing GaussDB Instance Overview Data
- Configuring Security Group Rules for a GaussDB Instance
- Binding and Unbinding an EIP for a GaussDB Instance
- Modifying the Recycle Bin Policy for a GaussDB Instance
- Exporting Information About All GaussDB Instances
- Unsubscribing a Yearly/Monthly GaussDB Instance
- Stopping a GaussDB Instance
- Starting a GaussDB Instance
- Rebooting a GaussDB Instance
- Deleting a Pay-per-Use GaussDB Instance
- Rebuilding a GaussDB Instance
- Stopping a GaussDB Node
- Starting a GaussDB Node
- Rebooting a GaussDB Node
-
Instance Modifications
- Changing the Name of a GaussDB Instance
- Changing the Database Port of a GaussDB Instance
- Changing the M Compatibility Port
- Changing the CPU and Memory Specifications of a GaussDB Instance
- Configuring Read Replicas
- Synchronizing Data to a Single-Replica Instance
- Viewing and Modifying Advanced Features
- Scaling In and Out an Instance
- Scaling Up Storage Space
- Changing the Deployment Model
- Performing a Primary/Standby DN Switchover
- Instance Upgrade
- Plug-in Management
- Data Backup
- Data Restoration
- Parameter Management
- Monitoring and Alarming
- Logs and Auditing
- Quota Adjustment
- SQL Diagnosis
-
Disaster Recovery Management
- Constraints
- Creating a DR Task
- Checking DR Task Statuses
- Promoting the DR Instance to Primary
- Stopping a DR Task
- Deleting a DR Task
- Re-creating a DR Task After the Primary Instance Is Faulty
- Switching Roles of Primary and DR Instances
- Re-establishing a DR Relationship
- Performing a DR Drill
- Enabling or Disabling Log Cache
- Restrictions on the DR Instance
- Managing GaussDB Tasks
- Managing GaussDB Tags
- Resetting the Administrator Password of a GaussDB Instance
-
Developer Guide
-
Developer Guide(Distributed_8.x)
- Database System Overview
- Database Security
- Database Quick Start
- Development and Design Proposal
-
Application Development Guide
- Development Specifications
- Obtaining the Driver Package
-
Development Based on JDBC
- JDBC Packages, Driver Classes, and Environment Classes
- Development Process
- Loading a Driver
- Connecting to a Database
- Connecting to a Database (Using SSL)
- Connecting to a Database (Using UDS)
- Running SQL Statements
- Processing Data in a Result Set
- Closing a Database Connection
- Log Management
- Examples: Common Operations
- Example: Retrying SQL Queries for Applications
- Example: Logic Replication Code
- Example: Parameters for Connecting to the Database in Different Scenarios
-
JDBC Interface Reference
- java.sql.Connection
- java.sql.CallableStatement
- java.sql.DatabaseMetaData
- java.sql.Driver
- java.sql.PreparedStatement
- java.sql.ResultSet
- java.sql.ResultSetMetaData
- java.sql.Statement
- javax.sql.ConnectionPoolDataSource
- javax.sql.DataSource
- javax.sql.PooledConnection
- javax.naming.Context
- javax.naming.spi.InitialContextFactory
- CopyManager
- PGReplicationConnection
- PGReplicationStream
- ChainedStreamBuilder
- ChainedCommonStreamBuilder
- Common JDBC Parameters
- FAQs
- JDBC Data Type Mapping
- Development Based on ODBC
- Development Based on libpq
- Psycopg-based Development
-
ECPG-based Development
- Development Process
- ECPG Components
- ECPG Preprocessing and Compiling
- Managing Database Connections
- Running SQL Commands
- Querying the Result Set
- Closing a Database Connection
- Host Variables
- Executing Dynamic SQL Statements
- Error Handling
- Preprocessor Directives
- Using Library Functions
- SQL Descriptor Area
- Examples
- ecpg and Pro*C Compatibility Comparison
- ECPG API Reference
- Development Based on the Go Driver
- Compatibility Reference
- Commissioning
-
SQL Optimization
- Query Execution Process
- Introduction to the SQL Execution Plan
- Optimization Process
- Updating Statistics
- Reviewing and Modifying a Table Definition
- Typical SQL Optimization Methods
- Experience in Rewriting SQL Statements
- Configuring Key Parameters for SQL Tuning
-
Hint-based Optimization
- Plan Hint Optimization
- Hint Specifying the Query Block Where the Hint Is Located
- Hint Specifying the Query Block and Schema of a Table
- Join Order Hints
- Join Operation Hints
- Rows Hints
- Stream Operation Hints
- Scan Hints
- Sublink Name Hints
- Skew Hints
- Parameterized Path Hint
- Hint Errors, Conflicts, and Other Warnings
- GUC Parameter Hints
- Hints for Selecting the Custom Plan or Generic Plan
- Hints Specifying Not to Expand Subqueries
- Hints Specifying Not to Use Global Plan Cache
- Hints of Parameterized Paths at the Same Level
- Hints for Setting Slow SQL Control Rules
- Bitmap Scan Hints
- Hint for Inner Table Materialization During Join
- AGG Hint
- Query Rewriting Hints
- Hints for Specifying ANY Sublink Pullup
- Hints for Specifying the Degree of Parallelism for Scans
- Hints for Specifying Whether to Use Semi-Join
- Hints for Specifying Whether to Use Minmax Optimization
- Checking the Implicit Conversion Performance
- Performing Optimization with SQL Patches
-
Optimization Cases
- Case: Selecting an Appropriate Distribution Key
- Case: Creating an Appropriate Index
- Case: Adjusting Distribution Keys
- Case: Adjusting the GUC Parameter best_agg_plan
- Case: Rewriting SQL Statements to Eliminate Subqueries
- Case: Rewriting SQL Statements to Eliminate Pruning Interference
- Case: Rewriting SQL Statements and Deleting in-clause
- Case: Modifying the GUC Parameter rewrite_rule
- Using DN Gather to Reduce Stream Nodes in the Plan
-
SQL Reference
- GaussDB SQL
- Keywords
-
Data Types
- Numeric Types
- Monetary Types
- Boolean Types
- Character Types
- Binary Types
- Date/Time Types
- Geometric Types
- Network Address Types
- Bit String Types
- UUID Type
- JSON/JSONB Types
- HLL Type
- Range Types
- Object Identifier Types
- Pseudo-Types
- Data Types Used by the Ledger Database
- XML Type
- XMLType
- ACLItem Type
- Array Types
-
Character Sets and Collations
- Character Sets and Collations of the Client Connection
- Database-level Character Sets and Collations
- Schema-level Character Sets and Collations
- Table-level Character Sets and Collations
- Column-level Character Sets and Collations
- Character Sets and Collations of Expressions of the String Type
- Rules for Combining Character Sets and Collations
- Constant and Macro
-
Functions and Operators
- Logical Operators
- Comparison Operators
- Character Processing Functions and Operators
- Binary String Functions and Operators
- Bit String Functions and Operators
- Pattern Matching Operators
- Arithmetic Functions and Operators
- Date and Time Processing Functions and Operators
- Type Conversion Functions
- Geometric Functions and Operators
- Network Address Functions and Operators
- Text Search Functions and Operators
- JSON/JSONB Functions and Operators
- HLL Functions and Operators
- SEQUENCE Functions
- Array Functions and Operators
- Range Functions and Operators
- Aggregate Functions
- Window Functions
- Security Functions
- Ledger Database Functions
- Encrypted Functions and Operators
- Set Returning Functions
- Conditional Expression Functions
- System Information Functions
-
System Administration Functions
- Configuration Setting Functions
- Universal File Access Functions
- Server Signal Functions
- Backup and Restoration Control Functions
- Dual-Cluster DR Control Functions
- Dual-Cluster DR Query Functions
- Snapshot Synchronization Functions
- Database Object Functions
- Advisory Lock Functions
- Logical Replication Functions
- Segment-Page Storage Functions
- Hash Bucket System Functions
- Undo System Functions
- Other Functions
- SPM Functions
- Statistics Information Functions
- Trigger Functions
- Hash Functions
- Prompt Message Function
- Fault Injection System Function
- Redistribution Functions
- Distribution Key Recommendation Functions
- Other System Functions
- Internal Functions
- AI Feature Functions
- Sensitive Data Discovery Function
- Dynamic Data Masking Functions
- Hotkey Feature Functions
- Global SysCache Functions
- Data Damage Detection and Repair Functions
- Functions of the XML Type
- Functions of the XMLType Type
- Pivot Table Functions
- UUID Functions
- SQL Statement Concurrency Control Function
- Obsolete Functions
- Expressions
- Pseudocolumn
- Type Conversion
- System Operation
- Controlling Transactions
-
SQL Syntax
- SQL Syntax
- DCL Syntax Overview
- DDL Syntax Overview
- DML Syntax Overview
- Other Syntax List
-
A
- ABORT
- ALTER AGGREGATE
- ALTER AUDIT POLICY
- ALTER COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- ALTER COORDINATOR
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER DATABASE LINK
- ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES
- ALTER DIRECTORY
- ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ALTER GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- ALTER GROUP
- ALTER INDEX
- ALTER LANGUAGE
- ALTER MASKING POLICY
- ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
- ALTER NODE
- ALTER NODE GROUP
- ALTER RESOURCE LABEL
- ALTER RESOURCE POOL
- ALTER ROLE
- ALTER ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- ALTER SCHEMA
- ALTER SEQUENCE
- ALTER SERVER
- ALTER SESSION
- ALTER SYNONYM
- ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
- ALTER TABLE
- ALTER TABLE PARTITION
- ALTER TABLESPACE
- ALTER TRIGGER
- ALTER TYPE
- ALTER USER
- ALTER VIEW
- ANALYZE | ANALYSE
- B
-
C
- CALL
- CHECKPOINT
- CLEAN CONNECTION
- CLOSE
- CLUSTER
- COMMENT
- COMMIT | END
- COMMIT PREPARED
- COPY
- CREATE AGGREGATE
- CREATE AUDIT POLICY
- CREATE BARRIER
- CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY
- CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- CREATE CONVERSION
- CREATE DATABASE
- CREATE DATABASE LINK
- CREATE DIRECTORY
- CREATE EXTENSION
- CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- CREATE FUNCTION
- CREATE GLOBAL INDEX
- CREATE GROUP
- CREATE INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE INDEX
- CREATE LANGUAGE
- CREATE MASKING POLICY
- CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE MODEL
- CREATE NODE
- CREATE NODE GROUP
- CREATE PROCEDURE
- CREATE RESOURCE LABEL
- CREATE RESOURCE POOL
- CREATE ROLE
- CREATE ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- CREATE SCHEMA
- CREATE SECURITY LABEL
- CREATE SEQUENCE
- CREATE SERVER
- CREATE SYNONYM
- CREATE TABLE
- CREATE TABLESPACE
- CREATE TABLE AS
- CREATE TABLE PARTITION
- CREATE TRIGGER
- CREATE TYPE
- CREATE USER
- CREATE VIEW
- CREATE WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- CURSOR
-
D
- DEALLOCATE
- DECLARE
- DELETE
- DO
- DROP AGGREGATE
- DROP AUDIT POLICY
- DROP CLIENT MASTER KEY
- DROP COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- DROP DATABASE
- DROP DATABASE LINK
- DROP DIRECTORY
- DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- DROP FUNCTION
- DROP GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- DROP GROUP
- DROP INDEX
- DROP LANGUAGE
- DROP MASKING POLICY
- DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
- DROP MODEL
- DROP NODE
- DROP NODE GROUP
- DROP OWNED
- DROP PROCEDURE
- DROP RESOURCE LABEL
- DROP RESOURCE POOL
- DROP ROLE
- DROP ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- DROP SCHEMA
- DROP SECURITY LABEL
- DROP SEQUENCE
- DROP SERVER
- DROP SYNONYM
- DROP TABLE
- DROP TABLESPACE
- DROP TRIGGER
- DROP TYPE
- DROP USER
- DROP VIEW
- DROP WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- E
- F
- G
- I
- L
- M
- P
- R
- S
- T
- U
- V
- Appendix
- Best Practices
- User-defined Functions
- Stored Procedures
- Autonomous Transaction
-
System Catalogs and System Views
- Overview of System Catalogs and System Views
-
System Catalogs
- Partitioned Table
- OLTP Table Compression
- Encrypted Equality Query
- Communications
- Ledger Database
- SPM
- AI
- Auditing
- User and Permission Management
- Connection and Authentication
- Dynamic Data Masking
- DATABASE LINK
- Materialized Views
-
Other System Catalogs
- GS_ASP
- GS_DEPENDENCIES
- GS_DEPENDENCIES_OBJ
- GS_GLOBAL_CONFIG
- GS_JOB_ATTRIBUTE
- GS_JOB_ARGUMENT
- GS_PLAN_TRACE
- GS_POLICY_LABEL
- GS_RECYCLEBIN
- GS_SECURITY_LABEL
- GS_SQL_PATCH
- GS_STATISTIC_EXT_HISTORY
- GS_STATISTIC_HISTORY
- GS_TABLESTATS_HISTORY
- GS_TXN_SNAPSHOT
- GS_UID
- GS_WORKLOAD_RULE
- PG_AGGREGATE
- PG_AM
- PG_AMOP
- PG_AMPROC
- PG_ATTRDEF
- PG_ATTRIBUTE
- PG_CAST
- PG_CLASS
- PG_COLLATION
- PG_CONSTRAINT
- PG_CONVERSION
- PG_DATABASE
- PG_DEPEND
- PG_DESCRIPTION
- PG_DIRECTORY
- PG_ENUM
- PG_EXTENSION
- PG_FOREIGN_DATA_WRAPPER
- PG_FOREIGN_SERVER
- PG_HASHBUCKET
- PG_INDEX
- PG_INHERITS
- PG_JOB
- PG_JOB_PROC
- PG_LANGUAGE
- PG_LARGEOBJECT
- PG_LARGEOBJECT_METADATA
- PG_NAMESPACE
- PG_OBJECT
- PG_OPCLASS
- PG_OPERATOR
- PG_OPFAMILY
- PG_PLTEMPLATE
- PG_PROC
- PG_RANGE
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN
- PG_RESOURCE_POOL
- PG_REWRITE
- PG_SET
- PG_SHDEPEND
- PG_SHDESCRIPTION
- PG_STATISTIC
- PG_STATISTIC_EXT
- PG_SYNONYM
- PG_TABLESPACE
- PG_TRIGGER
- PG_TS_CONFIG
- PG_TS_CONFIG_MAP
- PG_TS_DICT
- PG_TS_PARSER
- PG_TS_TEMPLATE
- PG_TYPE
- PGXC_CLASS
- PGXC_GROUP
- PGXC_SLICE
- PLAN_TABLE_DATA
- STATEMENT_HISTORY
- STREAMING_STREAM
- STREAMING_CONT_QUERY
-
System Views
-
Partitioned Table
- ADM_IND_PARTITIONS
- ADM_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- ADM_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- ADM_PART_INDEXES
- ADM_PART_TABLES
- ADM_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- ADM_TAB_PARTITIONS
- DB_IND_PARTITIONS
- DB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- DB_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- DB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
- DB_PART_TABLES
- DB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- DB_TAB_PARTITIONS
- DB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- MY_IND_PARTITIONS
- MY_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- MY_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- MY_PART_INDEXES
- MY_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
- MY_PART_TABLES
- MY_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- MY_TAB_PARTITIONS
- GS_STATIO_ALL_PARTITIONS
- GS_STAT_XACT_ALL_PARTITIONS
- GS_STAT_ALL_PARTITIONS
- OLTP Table Compression
-
Communications
- COMM_CLIENT_INFO
- GLOBAL_COMM_CLIENT_INFO
- GS_COMM_LISTEN_ADDRESS_EXT_INFO
- GS_GET_LISTEN_ADDRESS_EXT_INFO
- GS_LIBCOMM_FD_INFO
- GS_LIBCOMM_MEMORY_INFO
- GS_STATIC_THREADPOOL_CTRL_STATUS
- PG_COMM_DELAY
- PG_COMM_RECV_STREAM
- PG_COMM_SEND_STREAM
- PG_COMM_STATUS
- PG_GET_INVALID_BACKENDS
- PG_POOLER_STATUS
- PGXC_COMM_DELAY
- PGXC_COMM_RECV_STREAM
- PGXC_COMM_SEND_STREAM
- PGXC_COMM_STATUS
-
Segment-Page Storage
- GLOBAL_GS_SEG_DATAFILES
- GLOBAL_GS_SEG_EXTENTS
- GLOBAL_GS_SEG_SEGMENTS
- GLOBAL_GS_SEG_SPC_EXTENTS
- GLOBAL_GS_SEG_SPC_SEGMENTS
- GS_SEG_DATAFILES
- GS_SEG_DATAFILE_LAYOUT
- GS_SEG_EXTENTS
- GS_SEG_SEGMENTS
- GS_SEG_SEGMENT_LAYOUT
- GS_SEG_SPC_EXTENTS
- GS_SEG_SPC_SEGMENTS
- GS_SEG_SPC_REMAIN_EXTENTS
- GS_SEG_SPC_REMAIN_SEGMENTS
- SPM
- Auditing
-
User and Permission Management
- ADM_COL_PRIVS
- ADM_ROLE_PRIVS
- ADM_ROLES
- ADM_SYS_PRIVS
- ADM_TAB_PRIVS
- ADM_USERS
- DB_COL_PRIVS
- DB_DIRECTORIES
- DB_TAB_PRIVS
- DB_USERS
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGES
- GS_LABELS
- MY_COL_PRIVS
- MY_ROLE_PRIVS
- MY_SYS_PRIVS
- PG_RLSPOLICIES
- PG_ROLES
- PG_SECLABELS
- PG_SHADOW
- PG_USER
- PG_USER_MAPPINGS
- ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
- ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
- ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
- Dynamic Data Masking
- Transparent Encryption
- DATABASE LINK
- Materialized Views
-
Other System Views
- ADM_ARGUMENTS
- ADM_COL_COMMENTS
- ADM_COLL_TYPES
- ADM_CONS_COLUMNS
- ADM_CONSTRAINTS
- ADM_DATA_FILES
- ADM_DEPENDENCIES
- ADM_DIRECTORIES
- ADM_HIST_SNAPSHOT
- ADM_HIST_SQL_PLAN
- ADM_HIST_SQLSTAT
- ADM_HIST_SQLTEXT
- ADM_IND_COLUMNS
- ADM_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- ADM_INDEXES
- ADM_OBJECTS
- ADM_PROCEDURES
- ADM_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_JOBS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_PROGRAMS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
- ADM_SEGMENTS
- ADM_SEQUENCES
- ADM_SOURCE
- ADM_SYNONYMS
- ADM_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- ADM_TAB_COLS
- ADM_TAB_COLUMNS
- ADM_TAB_COMMENTS
- ADM_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- ADM_TAB_STATISTICS
- ADM_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- ADM_TABLES
- ADM_TABLESPACES
- ADM_TRIGGERS
- ADM_TYPE_ATTRS
- ADM_TYPES
- ADM_VIEWS
- DB_ARGUMENTS
- DB_ALL_TABLES
- DB_COL_COMMENTS
- DB_COLL_TYPES
- DB_CONS_COLUMNS
- DB_CONSTRAINTS
- DB_DEPENDENCIES
- DB_IND_COLUMNS
- DB_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- DB_INDEXES
- DB_OBJECTS
- DB_PROCEDURES
- DB_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- DB_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- DB_SEQUENCES
- DB_SOURCE
- DB_SYNONYMS
- DB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- DB_TAB_COLUMNS
- DB_TAB_COMMENTS
- DB_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- DB_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
- DB_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- DB_TABLES
- DB_TRIGGERS
- DB_TYPES
- DB_VIEWS
- DICT
- DICTIONARY
- DUAL
- DV_SESSIONS
- DV_SESSION_LONGOPS
- GET_GLOBAL_PREPARED_XACTS
- GLOBAL_BAD_BLOCK_INFO
- GLOBAL_CLEAR_BAD_BLOCK_INFO
- GLOBAL_SQL_PATCH
- GLOBAL_STAT_HOTKEYS_INFO
- GLOBAL_WAL_SENDER_STATUS
- GS_ALL_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_ALL_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- GS_BUCKET_LOCKS
- GS_GET_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_GLOBAL_ARCHIVE_STATUS
- GS_GSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_LSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_MY_PLAN_TRACE
- GS_SESSION_ALL_SETTINGS
- GS_SQL_COUNT
- GS_WORKLOAD_RULE_STAT
- GV_INSTANCE
- GV_SESSION
- MPP_TABLES
- MY_AUDIT_TRAIL
- MY_COL_COMMENTS
- MY_COLL_TYPES
- MY_CONS_COLUMNS
- MY_CONSTRAINTS
- MY_DEPENDENCIES
- MY_IND_COLUMNS
- MY_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- MY_INDEXES
- MY_JOBS
- MY_OBJECTS
- MY_PROCEDURES
- MY_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- MY_SCHEDULER_JOBS
- MY_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- MY_SEQUENCES
- MY_SOURCE
- MY_SYNONYMS
- MY_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- MY_TAB_COLUMNS
- MY_TAB_COMMENTS
- MY_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- MY_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
- MY_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- MY_TAB_STATISTICS
- MY_TABLES
- MY_TABLESPACES
- MY_TRIGGERS
- MY_TYPE_ATTRS
- MY_TYPES
- MY_VIEWS
- NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
- NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSION_VERSIONS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSIONS
- PG_CONTROL_GROUP_CONFIG
- PG_CURSORS
- PG_EXT_STATS
- PG_GET_SENDERS_CATCHUP_TIME
- PG_GROUP
- PG_INDEXES
- PG_LOCKS
- PG_NODE_ENV
- PG_OS_THREADS
- PG_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- PG_PREPARED_XACTS
- PG_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- PG_RULES
- PG_RUNNING_XACTS
- PG_SETTINGS
- PG_SHARED_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PG_STATS
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY
- PG_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- PG_STAT_BGWRITER
- PG_STAT_DATABASE
- PG_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- PG_STAT_REPLICATION
- PG_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- PG_TABLES
- PG_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PG_TIMEZONE_ABBREVS
- PG_TIMEZONE_NAMES
- PG_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO_OID
- PG_VARIABLE_INFO
- PG_VIEWS
- PGXC_GET_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS
- PGXC_NODE_ENV
- PGXC_OS_THREADS
- PGXC_PREPARED_XACTS
- PGXC_RUNNING_XACTS
- PGXC_STAT_ACTIVITY
- PGXC_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- PGXC_SQL_COUNT
- PGXC_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PGXC_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PGXC_VARIABLE_INFO
- PLAN_TABLE
- PV_FILE_STAT
- PV_INSTANCE_TIME
- PV_OS_RUN_INFO
- PV_REDO_STAT
- PV_SESSION_MEMORY
- PV_SESSION_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- PV_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PV_SESSION_STAT
- PV_SESSION_TIME
- PV_THREAD_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- PV_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- SYS_DUMMY
- V_INSTANCE
- V_MYSTAT
- V_SESSION
- V$GLOBAL_OPEN_CURSOR
- V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
- V$LOCK
- V$NLS_PARAMETERS
- V$OPEN_CURSOR
- V$SESSION_WAIT
- V$SYSSTAT
- V$SYSTEM_EVENT
- V$VERSION
-
Partitioned Table
- Discarded
-
Schemas
- Information Schema
-
DBE_PERF Schema
- OS
- Instance
- File
-
Object
- STAT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- STAT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- STAT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- STAT_DATABASE
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE
- STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- SUMMARY_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- GLOBAL_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- Workload
-
Session and Thread
- SESSION_STAT
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT
- SESSION_TIME
- GLOBAL_SESSION_TIME
- SESSION_MEMORY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY
- SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- LOCAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- SESSION_CPU_RUNTIME
- SESSION_MEMORY_RUNTIME
- LOCAL_ACTIVE_SESSION
- GLOBAL_ACTIVE_SESSION
- Transaction
-
Cache and I/O
- STATIO_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- Communication Library
-
Utility
- REPLICATION_STAT
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_STAT
- REPLICATION_SLOTS
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_BGWRITER_STAT
- POOLER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_COMM_CHECK_CONNECTION_STATUS
- GLOBAL_CKPT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_DOUBLE_WRITE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PAGEWRITER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_POOLER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECORD_RESET_TIME
- GLOBAL_REDO_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECOVERY_STATUS
- CLASS_VITAL_INFO
- USER_LOGIN
- SUMMARY_USER_LOGIN
- GLOBAL_GET_BGWRITER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_SINGLE_FLUSH_DW_STATUS
- GLOBAL_CANDIDATE_STATUS
- PARALLEL_DECODE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PARALLEL_DECODE_STATUS
- PARALLEL_DECODE_THREAD_INFO
- GLOBAL_PARALLEL_DECODE_THREAD_INFO
- GLOBAL_ADIO_COMPLETER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_AIO_SLOT_USAGE_STATUS
- Lock
- Wait Event
- Configuration
- Operator
- Workload Manager
- Global Plan Cache
- RTO & RPO
- AI Watchdog
- Discarded
- WDR Snapshot Schema
-
DBE_SQL_UTIL Schema
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_hint_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_abort_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.drop_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.enable_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.disable_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.show_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_hint_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_abort_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_remote_hint_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_remote_abort_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.drop_remote_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.enable_remote_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.disable_remote_sql_patch
-
DBE_PLDEBUGGER Schema
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.turn_on
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.turn_off
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.local_debug_server_info
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.attach
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_locals
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.next
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.continue
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.abort
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.print_var
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_code
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.step
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.add_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.delete_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_breakpoints
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.backtrace
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.enable_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.disable_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.finish
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.set_var
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.backtrace
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.error_end
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.error_info_locals
-
Configuring GUC Parameters
- Viewing Parameters
- Setting Parameters
-
GUC Parameters
- GUC Parameter Usage
- File Location
- Connection and Authentication
- Resource Consumption
- Parallel Data Import
- Write Ahead Log
- HA Replication
- Query Planning
- Error Reporting and Logging
- Alarm Detection
- Statistics During the Database Running
- Autovacuum
- Default Settings of Client Connection
- Lock Management
- Version and Platform Compatibility
- Fault Tolerance
- Connection Pool Parameters
- Cluster Transaction Parameters
- Dual-Cluster Replication Parameters
- Developer Options
- Auditing
- Transaction Monitoring
- CM Parameters
- GTM Parameters
- Upgrade Parameters
- Miscellaneous Parameters
- Wait Event
- Query
- System Performance Snapshot
- Security Configuration
- HyperLogLog
- User-defined Functions
- Scheduled Task
- Thread Pool
- Backup and Restoration
- AI Features
- Global SysCache Parameters
- Read Parameters of the Standby Node in a Distributed System
- Restoring Data on the Standby Node
- Undo
- Rollback Parameters
- DCF Parameters Settings
- Flashback
- Ledger Database
- Creating an Index Online
- Data Lifecycle Management: OLTP Table Compression
- Session-level Transaction Pushdown and Related Parameters
- Enhanced TOAST
- Reserved Parameters
- Appendix
-
FAQs
- What is the maximum number of columns in a single GaussDB table?
- How do I query the partition and index information of a partitioned table?
- What is OID?
- What is UDF?
- What wildcards are supported in GaussDB? How do I use them?
- Is there a limit on the length of a database object name?
- How do I view the creation time of a table?
- How do I create indexes in parallel?
- How do I create an auto-increment column?
- Can I query the GaussDB memory usage through SQL statements?
- What are the differences between LIMIT 2, LIMIT 2,3 and LIMIT 2 OFFSET 3?
- How do I create a column whose default value is the current time?
- How do I determine whether a column is null?
- How do I obtain the username for connecting to a database?
- How do I query the time difference between two time points?
- What are the types of SQL languages?
- What is the function of a trigger?
- What are the four characteristics of correctly executing database transactions?
- What are the differences between the DROP, TRUNCATE, and DELETE methods in GaussDB?
- How many bytes does a Chinese character occupy in GaussDB?
-
Developer Guide(Centralized_8.x)
- Database System Overview
- Database Security
- Database Quick Start
- Development and Design Proposal
-
Application Development Guide
- Development Specifications
- Obtaining the Driver Package
-
Development Based on JDBC
- JDBC Packages, Driver Classes, and Environment Classes
- Development Process
- Loading the Driver
- Connecting to a Database
- Connecting to a Database (Using SSL)
- Connecting to a Database (Using UDS)
- Running SQL Statements
- Processing Data in a Result Set
- Closing a Database Connection
- Log Management
- Examples: Common Operations
- Example: Retrying SQL Queries for Applications
- Example: Importing and Exporting Data Through Local Files
- Example: Migrating Data from MY
- Example: Logic Replication Code
- Example: Parameters for Connecting to the Database in Different Scenarios
-
JDBC API Reference
- java.sql.Connection
- java.sql.CallableStatement
- java.sql.DatabaseMetaData
- java.sql.Driver
- java.sql.PreparedStatement
- java.sql.ResultSet
- java.sql.ResultSetMetaData
- java.sql.Statement
- javax.sql.ConnectionPoolDataSource
- javax.sql.DataSource
- javax.sql.PooledConnection
- javax.naming.Context
- javax.naming.spi.InitialContextFactory
- CopyManager
- PGReplicationConnection
- PGReplicationStream
- ChainedStreamBuilder
- ChainedCommonStreamBuilder
- PGobject
- Common JDBC Parameters
- Troubleshooting
- Mapping for JDBC Data Types
- Development Based on ODBC
- Development Based on libpq
- Psycopg-based Development
- Development Based on the Go Driver
-
ECPG-based Development
- Development Process
- ECPG Components
- ECPG Preprocessing and Compiling
- Managing Database Connections
- Running SQL Commands
- Querying the Result Set
- Closing a Database Connection
- Host Variables
- Executing Dynamic SQL Statements
- Error Handling
- Preprocessor Directives
- Using Library Functions
- SQL Descriptor Area
- Examples
- ecpg and Pro*C Compatibility Comparison
- ECPG API Reference
- Compatibility Reference
- Commissioning
-
SQL Optimization
- Query Execution Process
- Introduction to the SQL Execution Plan
- Optimization Process
- Updating Statistics
- Reviewing and Modifying a Table Definition
- Typical SQL Optimization Methods
- Experience in Rewriting SQL Statements
- Configuring Key Parameters for SQL Tuning
-
Hint-based Optimization
- Plan Hint Optimization
- Hints for Specifying the Query Block Where the Hint Is Located
- Hints for Specifying the Query Block and Schema of a Table
- Join Order Hints
- Join Operation Hints
- Rows Hints
- Stream Operation Hints
- Scan Operation Hints
- Sublink Name Hints
- Hint Errors, Conflicts, and Other Warnings
- Optimizer GUC Parameter Hints
- Hints for Selecting the Custom Plan or Generic Plan
- Hints Specifying Not to Expand Subqueries
- Hint Specifying Not to Use Global Plan Cache
- Hints of Parameterized Paths at the Same Level
- Hints for Setting Slow SQL Control Rules
- Hint for Adaptive Plan Selection
- Hints for Materializing a Sub-plan Result
- Bitmap Scan Hints
- Hints for Inner Table Materialization During Join
- AGG Hint
- Query Rewriting Hints
- Outline Hints
- Hints for Specifying ANY Sublink Pullup
- Hints for Specifying the Degree of Parallelism for Scans
- Hints for Specifying Whether to Use Semi-Join
- Hints for Specifying the Stream Hashagg Optimization
- Hints for Specifying Whether to Use Minmax Optimization
- Introduction to Plan Trace
- Performing Optimization with SQL Patches
- Optimization Cases
-
SQL Reference
- GaussDB SQL
- Keywords
-
Data Types
- Numeric Types
- Monetary Types
- Boolean Types
- Character Types
- Binary Types
- Date/Time Types
- Geometric Types
- Network Address Types
- Bit String Types
- UUID Type
- JSON/JSONB Types
- HLL Type
- Range Types
- Object Identifier Types
- Pseudo-Types
- XML Type
- XMLType
- Data Types Used by the Ledger Database
- SET Type
- ACLItem Type
- Array Types
- Vector Data Types
-
Character Sets and Collations
- Character Sets and Collations of the Client Connection
- Database-level Character Sets and Collations
- Schema-level Character Sets and Collations
- Table-level Character Sets and Collations
- Column-level Character Sets and Collations
- Character Sets and Collations of Expressions of the String Type
- Rules for Combining Character Sets and Collations
- Constant and Macro
-
Functions and Operators
- Logical Operators
- Comparison Operators
- Character Processing Functions and Operators
- Binary String Functions and Operators
- Bit String Functions and Operators
- Pattern Matching Operators
- Arithmetic Functions and Operators
- Date and Time Processing Functions and Operators
- Type Conversion Functions
- Geometric Functions and Operators
- Network Address Functions and Operators
- Text Search Functions and Operators
- JSON/JSONB Functions and Operators
- HLL Functions and Operators
- SEQUENCE Functions
- Array Functions and Operators
- Range Functions and Operators
- Aggregate Functions
- Window Functions
- Security Functions
- Ledger Database Functions
- Encrypted Functions and Operators
- Set Returning Functions
- Conditional Expression Functions
- System Information Functions
-
System Administration Functions
- Configuration Settings Functions
- Universal File Access Functions
- Server Signal Functions
- Backup and Restoration Control Functions
- DR Control Functions for Dual-Database Instances
- DR Query Functions for Dual-Database Instances
- Snapshot Synchronization Functions
- Database Object Functions
- Advisory Lock Functions
- Logical Replication Functions
- Segment-Page Storage Functions
- Hash Bucket System Functions
- Other Functions
- Undo System Functions
- SPM Functions
- Statistics Information Functions
- Trigger Functions
- Hash Functions
- Prompt Message Function
- Global Temporary Table Functions
- Fault Injection System Function
- AI Feature Functions
- Sensitive Data Discovery Function
- Dynamic Data Masking Functions
- Hierarchical Recursion Query Functions
- Other System Functions
- Internal Functions
- Global SysCache Functions
- Data Damage Detection and Repair Functions
- Functions of the XML Type
- Functions of the XMLType Type
- Global PL/SQL Cache Functions
- Pivot Table Functions
- UUID Functions
- SQL Statement Concurrency Control Function
- Vector Calculation Interfaces and Functions
- Deprecated Functions
- Expressions
- Pseudocolumn
- Type Conversion
- System Operation
- Controlling Transactions
-
SQL Syntax
- SQL Syntax
- DCL Syntax Overview
- DDL Syntax Overview
- DML Syntax Overview
- Other Syntax List
-
A
- ABORT
- ALTER AGGREGATE
- ALTER AUDIT POLICY
- ALTER COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER DATABASE LINK
- ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES
- ALTER DIRECTORY
- ALTER EVENT
- ALTER EXTENSION
- ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ALTER GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- ALTER GROUP
- ALTER INDEX
- ALTER LANGUAGE
- ALTER MASKING POLICY
- ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
- ALTER OPERATOR
- ALTER PACKAGE
- ALTER PROCEDURE
- ALTER RESOURCE LABEL
- ALTER RESOURCE POOL
- ALTER ROLE
- ALTER ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- ALTER SCHEMA
- ALTER SEQUENCE
- ALTER SERVER
- ALTER SESSION
- ALTER SYNONYM
- ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
- ALTER TABLE
- ALTER TABLE PARTITION
- ALTER TABLE SUBPARTITION
- ALTER TABLESPACE
- ALTER TRIGGER
- ALTER TYPE
- ALTER USER
- ALTER USER MAPPING
- ALTER VIEW
- ANALYZE | ANALYSE
- B
-
C
- CALL
- CHECKPOINT
- CLEAN CONNECTION
- CLOSE
- CLUSTER
- COMMENT
- COMMIT | END
- COMMIT PREPARED
- COPY
- CREATE AGGREGATE
- CREATE AUDIT POLICY
- CREATE CAST
- CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY
- CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- CREATE CONVERSION
- CREATE DATABASE
- CREATE DATABASE LINK
- CREATE DIRECTORY
- CREATE EVENT
- CREATE EXTENSION
- CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- CREATE FUNCTION
- CREATE GLOBAL INDEX
- CREATE GROUP
- CREATE INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE INDEX
- CREATE LANGUAGE
- CREATE MASKING POLICY
- CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE MODEL
- CREATE OPERATOR
- CREATE OPERATOR CLASS
- CREATE PACKAGE
- CREATE PROCEDURE
- CREATE RESOURCE LABEL
- CREATE RESOURCE POOL
- CREATE ROLE
- CREATE ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- CREATE RULE
- CREATE SCHEMA
- CREATE SECURITY LABEL
- CREATE SEQUENCE
- CREATE SERVER
- CREATE SYNONYM
- CREATE TABLE
- CREATE TABLE AS
- CREATE TABLE PARTITION
- CREATE TABLESPACE
- CREATE TABLE SUBPARTITION
- CREATE TRIGGER
- CREATE TYPE
- CREATE USER
- CREATE USER MAPPING
- CREATE VIEW
- CREATE WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- CURSOR
-
D
- DEALLOCATE
- DECLARE
- DELETE
- DO
- DROP AGGREGATE
- DROP AUDIT POLICY
- DROP CAST
- DROP CLIENT MASTER KEY
- DROP COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- DROP DATABASE
- DROP DATABASE LINK
- DROP DIRECTORY
- DROP EVENT
- DROP EXTENSION
- DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- DROP FUNCTION
- DROP GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- DROP GROUP
- DROP INDEX
- DROP LANGUAGE
- DROP MASKING POLICY
- DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
- DROP MODEL
- DROP OPERATOR
- DROP OWNED
- DROP PACKAGE
- DROP PROCEDURE
- DROP RESOURCE LABEL
- DROP RESOURCE POOL
- DROP ROLE
- DROP ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- DROP RULE
- DROP SCHEMA
- DROP SECURITY LABEL
- DROP SEQUENCE
- DROP SERVER
- DROP SYNONYM
- DROP TABLE
- DROP TABLESPACE
- DROP TRIGGER
- DROP TYPE
- DROP USER
- DROP USER MAPPING
- DROP VIEW
- DROP WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- E
- F
- G
- I
- L
- M
- P
- R
- S
- T
- U
- V
- Appendix
- Best Practices
- User-defined Functions
-
Stored Procedure
- Stored Procedure
- Data Types
- Data Type Conversion
- Arrays, Collections, and Records
- DECLARE Syntax
- Basic Statements
- Dynamic Statements
- Control Statements
- Transaction Management
- Other Statements
- Cursors
- Advanced Packages
- Retry Management
- Debugging
- Package
- Autonomous Transaction
-
System Catalogs and System Views
- Overview of System Catalogs and System Views
-
System Catalogs
- Partitioned Table
- OLTP Table Compression
- Encrypted Equality Query
- Communications
- Ledger Database
- SPM
- AI
- Auditing
- User and Permission Management
- Connection and Authentication
- Dynamic Data Masking
- DATABASE LINK
- Materialized Views
-
Other System Catalogs
- GS_ASP
- GS_DEPENDENCIES
- GS_DEPENDENCIES_OBJ
- GS_GLOBAL_CONFIG
- GS_JOB_ARGUMENT
- GS_JOB_ATTRIBUTE
- GS_PACKAGE
- GS_PLAN_TRACE
- GS_POLICY_LABEL
- GS_RECYCLEBIN
- GS_SECURITY_LABEL
- GS_SQL_PATCH
- GS_STATISTIC_EXT_HISTORY
- GS_STATISTIC_HISTORY
- GS_TABLESTATS_HISTORY
- GS_TXN_SNAPSHOT
- GS_UID
- GS_WORKLOAD_RULE
- PG_AGGREGATE
- PG_AM
- PG_AMOP
- PG_AMPROC
- PG_ATTRDEF
- PG_ATTRIBUTE
- PG_CAST
- PG_CLASS
- PG_COLLATION
- PG_CONSTRAINT
- PG_CONVERSION
- PG_DATABASE
- PG_DEPEND
- PG_DESCRIPTION
- PG_DIRECTORY
- PG_ENUM
- PG_EXTENSION
- PG_FOREIGN_DATA_WRAPPER
- PG_FOREIGN_SERVER
- PG_HASHBUCKET
- PG_INDEX
- PG_INHERITS
- PG_JOB
- PG_JOB_PROC
- PG_LANGUAGE
- PG_LARGEOBJECT
- PG_LARGEOBJECT_METADATA
- PG_NAMESPACE
- PG_OBJECT
- PG_OPCLASS
- PG_OPERATOR
- PG_OPFAMILY
- PG_PLTEMPLATE
- PG_PROC
- PG_RANGE
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN
- PG_RESOURCE_POOL
- PG_REWRITE
- PG_SHDEPEND
- PG_SHDESCRIPTION
- PG_SET
- PG_STATISTIC
- PG_STATISTIC_EXT
- PG_SYNONYM
- PG_TABLESPACE
- PG_TRIGGER
- PG_TS_CONFIG
- PG_TS_CONFIG_MAP
- PG_TS_DICT
- PG_TS_PARSER
- PG_TS_TEMPLATE
- PG_TYPE
- PGXC_CLASS
- PGXC_GROUP
- PGXC_SLICE
- PLAN_TABLE_DATA
- STATEMENT_HISTORY
- STREAMING_STREAM
- STREAMING_CONT_QUERY
-
System Views
-
Partitioned Table
- ADM_IND_PARTITIONS
- ADM_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- ADM_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- ADM_PART_INDEXES
- ADM_PART_TABLES
- ADM_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
- ADM_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- ADM_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- ADM_TAB_PARTITIONS
- DB_IND_PARTITIONS
- DB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- DB_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- DB_PART_INDEXES
- DB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
- DB_PART_TABLES
- DB_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
- DB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- DB_TAB_PARTITIONS
- DB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- MY_IND_PARTITIONS
- MY_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- MY_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- MY_PART_INDEXES
- MY_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
- MY_PART_TABLES
- MY_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
- MY_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- MY_TAB_PARTITIONS
- MY_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- GS_STATIO_ALL_PARTITIONS
- GS_STAT_XACT_ALL_PARTITIONS
- GS_STAT_ALL_PARTITIONS
- OLTP Table Compression
- Communications
- Segment-Page Storage
- SPM
- Auditing
-
User and Permission Management
- ADM_COL_PRIVS
- ADM_ROLE_PRIVS
- ADM_ROLES
- ADM_SYS_PRIVS
- ADM_TAB_PRIVS
- ADM_USERS
- DB_COL_PRIVS
- DB_DIRECTORIES
- DB_TAB_PRIVS
- DB_USERS
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGES
- GS_LABELS
- MY_COL_PRIVS
- MY_ROLE_PRIVS
- MY_SYS_PRIVS
- PG_RLSPOLICIES
- PG_ROLES
- PG_SECLABELS
- PG_SHADOW
- PG_USER
- PG_USER_MAPPINGS
- ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
- ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
- ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
- Dynamic Data Masking
- Transparent Encryption
- DATABASE LINK
- Materialized Views
-
Other System Views
- ADM_ARGUMENTS
- ADM_COL_COMMENTS
- ADM_COLL_TYPES
- ADM_CONS_COLUMNS
- ADM_CONSTRAINTS
- ADM_DATA_FILES
- ADM_DEPENDENCIES
- ADM_DIRECTORIES
- ADM_HIST_SNAPSHOT
- ADM_HIST_SQL_PLAN
- ADM_HIST_SQLSTAT
- ADM_HIST_SQLTEXT
- ADM_IND_COLUMNS
- ADM_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- ADM_INDEXES
- ADM_OBJECTS
- ADM_PROCEDURES
- ADM_RECYCLEBIN
- ADM_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_JOBS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_PROGRAMS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
- ADM_SEGMENTS
- ADM_SEQUENCES
- ADM_SOURCE
- ADM_SYNONYMS
- ADM_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- ADM_TAB_COLS
- ADM_TAB_COLUMNS
- ADM_TAB_COMMENTS
- ADM_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- ADM_TAB_STATISTICS
- ADM_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- ADM_TABLES
- ADM_TABLESPACES
- ADM_TRIGGERS
- ADM_TYPE_ATTRS
- ADM_TYPES
- ADM_VIEWS
- DB_ARGUMENTS
- DB_ALL_TABLES
- DB_COL_COMMENTS
- DB_COLL_TYPES
- DB_CONS_COLUMNS
- DB_CONSTRAINTS
- DB_DEPENDENCIES
- DB_ERRORS
- DB_IND_COLUMNS
- DB_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- DB_INDEXES
- DB_OBJECTS
- DB_PROCEDURES
- DB_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- DB_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- DB_SEQUENCES
- DB_SOURCE
- DB_SYNONYMS
- DB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- DB_TAB_COLUMNS
- DB_TAB_COMMENTS
- DB_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- DB_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
- DB_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- DB_TABLES
- DB_TRIGGERS
- DB_TYPES
- DB_VIEWS
- DICT
- DICTIONARY
- DUAL
- DV_SESSIONS
- DV_SESSION_LONGOPS
- GS_ALL_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_ALL_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- GS_COMM_PROXY_THREAD_STATUS
- GS_FILE_STAT
- GS_GET_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_GLC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_GLOBAL_ARCHIVE_STATUS
- GS_GSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_INSTANCE_TIME
- GS_LSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_MY_PLAN_TRACE
- GS_OS_RUN_INFO
- GS_REDO_STAT
- GS_SESSION_ALL_SETTINGS
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_SESSION_STAT
- GS_SESSION_TIME
- GS_SHARED_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_SQL_COUNT
- GS_THREAD_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- GS_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_TOTAL_NODEGROUP_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_WORKLOAD_RULE_STAT
- GV_INSTANCE
- GV_SESSION
- MPP_TABLES
- MY_AUDIT_TRAIL
- MY_COL_COMMENTS
- MY_COLL_TYPES
- MY_CONS_COLUMNS
- MY_CONSTRAINTS
- MY_DEPENDENCIES
- MY_ERRORS
- MY_IND_COLUMNS
- MY_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- MY_INDEXES
- MY_JOBS
- MY_OBJECTS
- MY_PROCEDURES
- MY_RECYCLEBIN
- MY_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- MY_SCHEDULER_JOBS
- MY_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- MY_SEQUENCES
- MY_SOURCE
- MY_SYNONYMS
- MY_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- MY_TAB_COLUMNS
- MY_TAB_COMMENTS
- MY_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- MY_TAB_MODIFICATIONS
- MY_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- MY_TAB_STATISTICS
- MY_TABLES
- MY_TABLESPACES
- MY_TRIGGERS
- MY_TYPE_ATTRS
- MY_TYPES
- MY_VIEWS
- NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
- NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSION_VERSIONS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSIONS
- PG_CONTROL_GROUP_CONFIG
- PG_CURSORS
- PG_EXT_STATS
- PG_GET_SENDERS_CATCHUP_TIME
- PG_GROUP
- PG_GTT_RELSTATS
- PG_GTT_STATS
- PG_GTT_ATTACHED_PIDS
- PG_INDEXES
- PG_LOCKS
- PG_NODE_ENV
- PG_OS_THREADS
- PG_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- PG_PREPARED_XACTS
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN_STATUS
- PG_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- PG_RULES
- PG_RUNNING_XACTS
- PG_SETTINGS
- PG_STATS
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY_NG
- PG_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- PG_STAT_BGWRITER
- PG_STAT_DATABASE
- PG_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- PG_STAT_REPLICATION
- PG_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- PG_TABLES
- PG_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PG_TIMEZONE_ABBREVS
- PG_TIMEZONE_NAMES
- PG_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO_OID
- PG_VARIABLE_INFO
- PG_VIEWS
- PGXC_PREPARED_XACTS
- PGXC_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PLAN_TABLE
- SYS_DUMMY
- V_INSTANCE
- V_MYSTAT
- V_SESSION
- V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
- V$LOCK
- V$NLS_PARAMETERS
- V$OPEN_CURSOR
- V$SESSION_WAIT
- V$SYSSTAT
- V$SYSTEM_EVENT
- V$VERSION
-
Partitioned Table
- Discarded
-
Schemas
- Information Schema
-
DBE_PERF Schema
- OS
- Instance
- Memory
- File
-
Object
- STAT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- STAT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- STAT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- STAT_DATABASE
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE
- STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- SUMMARY_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- GLOBAL_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- Workload
-
Session/Thread
- SESSION_STAT
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT
- SESSION_TIME
- GLOBAL_SESSION_TIME
- SESSION_MEMORY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY
- SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- LOCAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- LOCAL_ACTIVE_SESSION
- Transaction
- Query
-
Cache/IO
- STATIO_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
-
Utility
- REPLICATION_STAT
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_STAT
- REPLICATION_SLOTS
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_CKPT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_DOUBLE_WRITE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PAGEWRITER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECORD_RESET_TIME
- GLOBAL_REDO_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECOVERY_STATUS
- CLASS_VITAL_INFO
- USER_LOGIN
- SUMMARY_USER_LOGIN
- GLOBAL_SINGLE_FLUSH_DW_STATUS
- GLOBAL_CANDIDATE_STATUS
- PARALLEL_DECODE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PARALLEL_DECODE_STATUS
- PARALLEL_DECODE_THREAD_INFO
- GLOBAL_PARALLEL_DECODE_THREAD_INFO
- GLOBAL_ADIO_COMPLETER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_AIO_SLOT_USAGE_STATUS
- Lock
- Wait Events
- Configuration
- Operator
- Workload Manager
- Global Plancache
- RTO & RPO
- AI Watchdog
- WDR Snapshot Schema
-
DBE_PLDEBUGGER Schema
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.turn_on
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.turn_off
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.local_debug_server_info
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.attach
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_locals
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.next
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.continue
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.abort
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.print_var
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_code
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.step
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.add_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.delete_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_breakpoints
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.backtrace
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.enable_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.disable_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.finish
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.set_var
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.error_backtrace
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.error_end
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.error_info_locals
- DB4AI Schema
- DBE_PLDEVELOPER
- DBE_SQL_UTIL Schema
-
Configuring GUC Parameters
- Viewing Parameters
- Setting Parameters
-
GUC Parameters
- GUC Parameter Usage
- File Location
- Connection and Authentication
- Resource Consumption
- Data Import and Export
- Write Ahead Log
- HA Replication
- Query Planning
- SPM
- Error Reporting and Logging
- Alarm Detection
- Statistics During the Database Running
- Autovacuum
- Default Settings of Client Connection
- Lock Management
- Version and Platform Compatibility
- Fault Tolerance
- Connection Pool Parameters
- Transaction
- Replication Parameters of Two Database Instances
- Developer Options
- Auditing
- CM Parameters
- Upgrade Parameters
- Miscellaneous Parameters
- Wait Events
- Query
- System Performance Snapshot
- Security Configuration
- Global Temporary Table
- HyperLogLog
- User-defined Functions
- Scheduled Task
- Thread Pool
- Backup and Restoration
- Undo
- DCF Parameters Settings
- Flashback
- Rollback Parameters
- AI Features
- Global SysCache Parameters
- Restoring Data on the Standby Node
- Delimiter
- Global PL/SQL Cache Parameters
- Ledger Database
- Creating an Index Online
- Data Lifecycle Management: OLTP Table Compression
- Vector Database Parameters
- Enhanced TOAST
- Reserved Parameters
-
FAQ
- What is the maximum number of columns in a single GaussDB table?
- How do I query the partition and index information of a partitioned table?
- What is OID?
- What is UDF?
- What wildcards are supported in GaussDB? How do I use them?
- Is there a limit on the length of a database object name?
- How do I view the creation time of a table?
- How do I create indexes in parallel?
- How do I create an auto-increment column?
- Can I query the GaussDB memory usage through SQL statements?
- What are the differences between LIMIT 2, LIMIT 2,3 and LIMIT 2 OFFSET 3?
- How do I create a column whose default value is the current time?
- How do I determine whether a column is null?
- How do I obtain the username for connecting to a database?
- How do I query the time difference between two time points?
- What are the types of SQL languages?
- What is the function of a trigger?
- What are the four characteristics of correctly executing database transactions?
- What are the differences between the DROP, TRUNCATE, and DELETE methods in GaussDB?
- How many bytes does a Chinese character occupy in GaussDB?
-
Developer Guide(Distributed_3.x)
- Database System Overview
- Database Security
- Database Quick Start
- Development and Design Proposal
-
Application Development Guide
- Development Specifications
- Obtaining the Driver Package
-
Development Based on JDBC
- JDBC Package, Driver Class, and Environment Class
- Development Process
- Loading a Driver
- Connecting to a Database
- Connecting to a Database (Using SSL)
- Connecting to a Database (Using UDS)
- Running SQL Statements
- Processing Data in a Result Set
- Closing a Connection
- Log Management
- Examples: Common Operations
- Example: Retrying SQL Queries for Applications
- Example: Logical Replication Code
- Example: Parameters for Connecting to the Database in Different Scenarios
-
JDBC Interface Reference
- java.sql.Connection
- java.sql.CallableStatement
- java.sql.DatabaseMetaData
- java.sql.Driver
- java.sql.PreparedStatement
- java.sql.ResultSet
- java.sql.ResultSetMetaData
- java.sql.Statement
- javax.sql.ConnectionPoolDataSource
- javax.sql.DataSource
- javax.sql.PooledConnection
- javax.naming.Context
- javax.naming.spi.InitialContextFactory
- CopyManager
- PGReplicationConnection
- PGReplicationStream
- ChainedStreamBuilder
- ChainedCommonStreamBuilder
- Common JDBC Parameters
- FAQs
- Mapping for JDBC Data Types
- Development Based on ODBC
- Development Based on libpq
- Psycopg-based Development
-
ECPG-based Development
- Development Process
- ecpg Components
- ecpg Preprocessing and Compiling
- Managing Database Connections
- Running SQL Commands
- Querying the Result Set
- Closing a Database Connection
- Host Variables
- Executing Dynamic SQL Statements
- Error Handling
- Preprocessor Directives
- Using Library Functions
- SQL Descriptor Area
- Examples
- ecpg and Pro*C Compatibility Comparison
- ECPG API Reference
- Development Based on the Go Driver
- Debugging
-
SQL Optimization
- Query Execution Process
- Introduction to the SQL Execution Plan
- Optimization Process
- Updating Statistics
- Reviewing and Modifying a Table Definition
- Typical SQL Optimization Methods
- Experience in Rewriting SQL Statements
- Configuring Key Parameters for SQL Tuning
-
Hint-based Tuning
- Plan Hint Optimization
- Hint Specifying the Query Block Where the Hint Is Located
- Hint Specifying the Query Block and Schema of a Table
- Join Order Hints
- Join Operation Hints
- Rows Hints
- Stream Operation Hints
- Scan Hints
- Sublink Name Hints
- Skew Hints
- Parameterized Path Hint
- Hint Errors, Conflicts, and Other Warnings
- GUC Parameter Hints
- Hints for Selecting the Custom Plan or Generic Plan
- Hints Specifying Not to Expand Subqueries
- Hints Specifying Not to Use Global Plan Cache
- Hint of Parameterized Paths at the Same Level
- Hint for Setting Slow SQL Control Rules
- Bitmap Scan Hints
- Hint for Inner Table Materialization During Join
- AGG Hint
- Checking the Implicit Conversion Performance
- Tuning with SQL PATCH
-
Optimization Cases
- Case: Selecting an Appropriate Distribution Key
- Case: Creating an Appropriate Index
- Case: Adjusting Distribution Keys
- Case: Adjusting the GUC Parameter best_agg_plan
- Case: Rewriting SQL and Deleting Subqueries (1)
- Case: Rewriting SQL Statements to Eliminate Pruning Interference
- Case: Rewriting SQL Statements and Deleting in-clause
- Case: Modifying the GUC Parameter rewrite_rule
- Using DN Gather to Reduce Stream Nodes in the Plan
-
SQL Reference
- SQL
- Keywords
- Data Type
- Constant and Macro
-
Functions and Operators
- Logical Operators
- Comparison Operators
- Character Processing Functions and Operators
- Binary String Functions and Operators
- Bit String Functions and Operators
- Pattern Matching Operators
- Arithmetic Functions and Operators
- Date and Time Processing Functions and Operators
- Type Conversion Functions
- Geometric Functions and Operators
- Network Address Functions and Operators
- Text Search Functions and Operators
- JSON/JSONB Functions and Operators
- HLL Functions and Operators
- SEQUENCE Functions
- Array Functions and Operators
- Range Functions and Operators
- Aggregate Functions
- Window Functions
- Security Functions
- Encrypted Functions and Operators
- Set Returning Functions
- Conditional Expression Functions
- System Information Functions
-
System Administration Functions
- Configuration Settings Functions
- Universal File Access Functions
- Server Signal Functions
- Backup and Restoration Control Functions
- Dual-Cluster DR Control Functions
- Dual-Cluster DR Query Functions
- Snapshot Synchronization Functions
- Database Object Functions
- Advisory Lock Functions
- Logical Replication Functions
- Undo System Functions
- Other Functions
- SQL Statement Concurrency Control Function
- Statistics Information Functions
- Trigger Functions
- Hash Function
- Prompt Message Function
- Fault Injection System Function
- Redistribution Parameters
- Distribution Key Recommendation Functions
- Other System Functions
- Internal Functions
- AI Feature Functions
- Dynamic Data Masking Functions
- Hotkey Feature Functions
- Global SysCache Functions
- Data Damage Detection and Repair Functions
- Functions of the XML Type
- Functions of the XMLType Type
- Obsolete Functions
- Expressions
- Pseudocolumn
- Type Conversion
- System Operation
- Controlling Transactions
- DDL Syntax Overview
- DML Syntax Overview
- DCL Syntax Overview
-
SQL Syntax
- SQL Syntax
- ABORT
- ALTER AUDIT POLICY
- ALTER COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- ALTER COORDINATOR
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER DATABASE LINK
- ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES
- ALTER DIRECTORY
- ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ALTER GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- ALTER GROUP
- ALTER INDEX
- ALTER LANGUAGE
- ALTER MASKING POLICY
- ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
- ALTER NODE
- ALTER NODE GROUP
- ALTER RESOURCE LABEL
- ALTER ROLE
- ALTER ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- ALTER SCHEMA
- ALTER SEQUENCE
- ALTER SERVER
- ALTER SESSION
- ALTER SYNONYM
- ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
- ALTER TABLE
- ALTER TABLE PARTITION
- ALTER TABLESPACE
- ALTER TRIGGER
- ALTER TYPE
- ALTER USER
- ALTER VIEW
- ANALYZE | ANALYSE
- BEGIN
- CALL
- CHECKPOINT
- CLEAN CONNECTION
- CLOSE
- CLUSTER
- COMMENT
- COMMIT | END
- COMMIT PREPARED
- COPY
- CREATE AUDIT POLICY
- CREATE BARRIER
- CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY
- CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- CREATE CONVERSION
- CREATE DATABASE
- CREATE DATABASE LINK
- CREATE DIRECTORY
- CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- CREATE FUNCTION
- CREATE GLOBAL INDEX
- CREATE GROUP
- CREATE INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE INDEX
- CREATE LANGUAGE
- CREATE MASKING POLICY
- CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE MODEL
- CREATE NODE
- CREATE NODE GROUP
- CREATE PROCEDURE
- CREATE RESOURCE LABEL
- CREATE ROLE
- CREATE ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- CREATE SCHEMA
- CREATE SEQUENCE
- CREATE SERVER
- CREATE SYNONYM
- CREATE TABLE
- CREATE TABLESPACE
- CREATE TABLE AS
- CREATE TABLE PARTITION
- CREATE TRIGGER
- CREATE TYPE
- CREATE USER
- CREATE VIEW
- CREATE WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- CURSOR
- DEALLOCATE
- DECLARE
- DELETE
- DO
- DROP AUDIT POLICY
- DROP CLIENT MASTER KEY
- DROP COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- DROP DATABASE
- DROP DATABASE LINK
- DROP DIRECTORY
- DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- DROP FUNCTION
- DROP GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- DROP GROUP
- DROP INDEX
- DROP LANGUAGE
- DROP MASKING POLICY
- DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
- DROP MODEL
- DROP NODE
- DROP NODE GROUP
- DROP OWNED
- DROP PROCEDURE
- DROP RESOURCE LABEL
- DROP ROLE
- DROP ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- DROP SCHEMA
- DROP SEQUENCE
- DROP SERVER
- DROP SYNONYM
- DROP TABLE
- DROP TABLESPACE
- DROP TRIGGER
- DROP TYPE
- DROP USER
- DROP VIEW
- DROP WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- EXECUTE
- EXECUTE DIRECT
- EXPDP DATABASE
- EXPDP TABLE
- EXPLAIN
- EXPLAIN PLAN
- FETCH
- GRANT
- IMPDP DATABASE CREATE
- IMPDP RECOVER
- INSERT
- IMPDP TABLE
- IMPDP TABLE PREPARE
- LOCK
- MOVE
- MERGE INTO
- PREDICT BY
- PREPARE
- PREPARE TRANSACTION
- PURGE
- REASSIGN OWNED
- REINDEX
- REFRESH INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW
- RELEASE SAVEPOINT
- RESET
- REVOKE
- ROLLBACK
- ROLLBACK PREPARED
- ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
- SAVEPOINT
- SELECT
- SELECT INTO
- SET
- SET CONSTRAINTS
- SET ROLE
- SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
- SET TRANSACTION
- SHOW
- SHUTDOWN
- START TRANSACTION
- TIMECAPSULE TABLE
- TRUNCATE
- UPDATE
- VACUUM
- VALUES
- Appendix
- Best Practices
- User-defined Functions
- Stored Procedures
- Autonomous Transaction
-
System Catalogs and System Views
- Overview of System Catalogs and System Views
-
System Catalogs
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_ACCESS
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_FILTERS
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_PRIVILEGES
- GS_ASP
- GS_CLIENT_GLOBAL_KEYS
- GS_CLIENT_GLOBAL_KEYS_ARGS
- GS_COLUMN_KEYS
- GS_COLUMN_KEYS_ARGS
- GS_DATABASE_LINK
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGE
- GS_DEPENDENCIES
- GS_DEPENDENCIES_OBJ
- GS_ENCRYPTED_COLUMNS
- GS_ENCRYPTED_PROC
- GS_GLOBAL_CONFIG
- GS_JOB_ATTRIBUTE
- GS_JOB_ARGUMENT
- GS_MASKING_POLICY
- GS_MASKING_POLICY_ACTIONS
- GS_MASKING_POLICY_FILTERS
- GS_MATVIEW
- GS_MATVIEW_DEPENDENCY
- GS_MODEL_WAREHOUSE
- GS_OPT_MODEL
- GS_PLAN_TRACE
- GS_POLICY_LABEL
- GS_RECYCLEBIN
- GS_SQL_PATCH
- GS_TXN_SNAPSHOT
- GS_UID
- GS_WORKLOAD_RULE
- PG_AGGREGATE
- PG_AM
- PG_AMOP
- PG_AMPROC
- PG_APP_WORKLOADGROUP_MAPPING
- PG_ATTRDEF
- PG_ATTRIBUTE
- PG_AUTHID
- PG_AUTH_HISTORY
- PG_AUTH_MEMBERS
- PG_CAST
- PG_CLASS
- PG_COLLATION
- PG_CONSTRAINT
- PG_CONVERSION
- PG_DATABASE
- PG_DB_ROLE_SETTING
- PG_DEFAULT_ACL
- PG_DEPEND
- PG_DESCRIPTION
- PG_DIRECTORY
- PG_ENUM
- PG_EXTENSION
- PG_FOREIGN_DATA_WRAPPER
- PG_FOREIGN_SERVER
- PG_HASHBUCKET
- PG_INDEX
- PG_INHERITS
- PG_JOB
- PG_JOB_PROC
- PG_LANGUAGE
- PG_LARGEOBJECT
- PG_LARGEOBJECT_METADATA
- PG_NAMESPACE
- PG_OBJECT
- PG_OPCLASS
- PG_OPERATOR
- PG_OPFAMILY
- PG_PARTITION
- PG_PLTEMPLATE
- PG_PROC
- PG_RANGE
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN
- PG_RESOURCE_POOL
- PG_REWRITE
- PG_RLSPOLICY
- PG_SECLABEL
- PG_SET
- PG_SHDEPEND
- PG_SHDESCRIPTION
- PG_SHSECLABEL
- PG_STATISTIC
- PG_STATISTIC_EXT
- PG_SYNONYM
- PG_TABLESPACE
- PG_TRIGGER
- PG_TS_CONFIG
- PG_TS_CONFIG_MAP
- PG_TS_DICT
- PG_TS_PARSER
- PG_TS_TEMPLATE
- PG_TYPE
- PG_USER_MAPPING
- PG_USER_STATUS
- PGXC_CLASS
- PGXC_GROUP
- PGXC_NODE
- PGXC_REDISTB
- PGXC_SLICE
- PLAN_TABLE_DATA
- STATEMENT_HISTORY
- STREAMING_STREAM
- STREAMING_CONT_QUERY
-
System Views
- ADM_ARGUMENTS
- ADM_AUDIT_OBJECT
- ADM_AUDIT_SESSION
- ADM_AUDIT_STATEMENT
- ADM_AUDIT_TRAIL
- ADM_COL_COMMENTS
- ADM_COL_PRIVS
- ADM_COLL_TYPES
- ADM_CONS_COLUMNS
- ADM_CONSTRAINTS
- ADM_DATA_FILES
- ADM_DEPENDENCIES
- ADM_DIRECTORIES
- ADM_HIST_SNAPSHOT
- ADM_HIST_SQL_PLAN
- ADM_HIST_SQLSTAT
- ADM_HIST_SQLTEXT
- ADM_IND_COLUMNS
- ADM_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- ADM_IND_PARTITIONS
- ADM_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- ADM_INDEXES
- ADM_OBJECTS
- ADM_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- ADM_PART_INDEXES
- ADM_PART_TABLES
- ADM_PROCEDURES
- ADM_ROLE_PRIVS
- ADM_ROLES
- ADM_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_JOBS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_PROGRAMS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
- ADM_SEGMENTS
- ADM_SEQUENCES
- ADM_SOURCE
- ADM_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- ADM_SYNONYMS
- ADM_SYS_PRIVS
- ADM_TAB_COLS
- ADM_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- ADM_TAB_COLUMNS
- ADM_TAB_COMMENTS
- ADM_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- ADM_TAB_PARTITIONS
- ADM_TAB_PRIVS
- ADM_TAB_STATISTICS
- ADM_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- ADM_TABLES
- ADM_TABLESPACES
- ADM_TRIGGERS
- ADM_TYPES
- ADM_TYPE_ATTRS
- ADM_USERS
- ADM_VIEWS
- COMM_CLIENT_INFO
- DB_ALL_TABLES
- DB_ARGUMENTS
- DB_COL_COMMENTS
- DB_COL_PRIVS
- DB_COLL_TYPES
- DB_CONSTRAINTS
- DB_CONS_COLUMNS
- DB_DEPENDENCIES
- DB_IND_COLUMNS
- DB_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- DB_IND_PARTITIONS
- DB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- DB_INDEXES
- DB_OBJECTS
- DB_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- DB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
- DB_PART_TABLES
- DB_PROCEDURES
- DB_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- DB_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- DB_SEQUENCES
- DB_SOURCE
- DB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- DB_SYNONYMS
- DB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- DB_TAB_COLUMNS
- DB_TAB_COMMENTS
- DB_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- DB_TAB_PARTITIONS
- DB_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- DB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- DB_TABLES
- DB_TRIGGERS
- DB_TYPES
- DB_USERS
- DB_VIEWS
- DICT
- DICTIONARY
- DV_SESSIONS
- DV_SESSION_LONGOPS
- GET_GLOBAL_PREPARED_XACTS
- GLOBAL_BAD_BLOCK_INFO
- GLOBAL_CLEAR_BAD_BLOCK_INFO
- GLOBAL_COMM_CLIENT_INFO
- GLOBAL_SQL_PATCH
- GLOBAL_STAT_HOTKEYS_INFO
- GLOBAL_WAL_SENDER_STATUS
- GS_ALL_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_ALL_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- GS_AUDITING
- GS_AUDITING_ACCESS
- GS_AUDITING_PRIVILEGE
- GS_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_INFO
- GS_COMM_LISTEN_ADDRESS_EXT_INFO
- GS_DB_LINKS
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGES
- GS_GET_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_GET_LISTEN_ADDRESS_EXT_INFO
- GS_GLOBAL_ARCHIVE_STATUS
- GS_GSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_LABELS
- GS_LSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_MASKING
- GS_MATVIEWS
- GS_MY_PLAN_TRACE
- GS_SESSION_ALL_SETTINGS
- GS_SQL_COUNT
- GS_STAT_ALL_PARTITIONS
- GS_STAT_XACT_ALL_PARTITIONS
- GS_STATIO_ALL_PARTITIONS
- GS_WORKLOAD_RULE_STAT
- GV_INSTANCE
- GV_SESSION
- MPP_TABLES
- MY_COL_COMMENTS
- MY_COL_PRIVS
- MY_COLL_TYPES
- MY_CONS_COLUMNS
- MY_CONSTRAINTS
- MY_DEPENDENCIES
- MY_IND_COLUMNS
- MY_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- MY_IND_PARTITIONS
- MY_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- MY_INDEXES
- MY_JOBS
- MY_OBJECTS
- MY_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- MY_PART_INDEXES
- MY_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
- MY_PART_TABLES
- MY_PROCEDURES
- MY_ROLE_PRIVS
- MY_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- MY_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- MY_SEQUENCES
- MY_SOURCE
- MY_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- MY_SYNONYMS
- MY_SYS_PRIVS
- MY_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- MY_TAB_COLUMNS
- MY_TAB_COMMENTS
- MY_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- MY_TAB_PARTITIONS
- MY_TAB_STATISTICS
- MY_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- MY_TABLES
- MY_TABLESPACES
- MY_TRIGGERS
- MY_TYPE_ATTRS
- MY_TYPES
- MY_VIEWS
- NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
- NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSION_VERSIONS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSIONS
- PG_COMM_DELAY
- PG_COMM_RECV_STREAM
- PG_COMM_SEND_STREAM
- PG_COMM_STATUS
- PG_CONTROL_GROUP_CONFIG
- PG_CURSORS
- PG_EXT_STATS
- PG_GET_INVALID_BACKENDS
- PG_GET_SENDERS_CATCHUP_TIME
- PG_GROUP
- PG_INDEXES
- PG_LOCKS
- PG_NODE_ENV
- PG_OS_THREADS
- PG_POOLER_STATUS
- PG_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- PG_PREPARED_XACTS
- PG_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- PG_RLSPOLICIES
- PG_ROLES
- PG_RULES
- PG_RUNNING_XACTS
- PG_SECLABELS
- PG_SETTINGS
- PG_SHADOW
- PG_SHARED_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY
- PG_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- PG_STAT_BGWRITER
- PG_STAT_DATABASE
- PG_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- PG_STAT_REPLICATION
- PG_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STATS
- PG_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- PG_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PG_TABLES
- PG_TDE_INFO
- PG_TIMEZONE_ABBREVS
- PG_TIMEZONE_NAMES
- PG_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO_OID
- PG_USER
- PG_USER_MAPPINGS
- PG_VARIABLE_INFO
- PG_VIEWS
- PGXC_COMM_DELAY
- PGXC_COMM_RECV_STREAM
- PGXC_COMM_SEND_STREAM
- PGXC_COMM_STATUS
- PGXC_GET_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS
- PGXC_NODE_ENV
- PGXC_OS_THREADS
- PGXC_PREPARED_XACTS
- PGXC_RUNNING_XACTS
- PGXC_SQL_COUNT
- PGXC_STAT_ACTIVITY
- PGXC_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- PGXC_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PGXC_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PGXC_VARIABLE_INFO
- PLAN_TABLE
- PV_FILE_STAT
- PV_INSTANCE_TIME
- PV_OS_RUN_INFO
- PV_REDO_STAT
- PV_SESSION_MEMORY
- PV_SESSION_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- PV_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PV_SESSION_STAT
- PV_SESSION_TIME
- PV_THREAD_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- PV_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
- ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
- ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
- SYS_DUMMY
- V_INSTANCE
- V_MYSTAT
- V_SESSION
- V$NLS_PARAMETERS
- V$SESSION_WAIT
- V$SYSSTAT
- V$SYSTEM_EVENT
- V$VERSION
-
Schemas
- Information Schema
-
DBE_PERF Schema
- OS
- Instance
- Memory
- File
-
Object
- STAT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- STAT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- STAT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- STAT_DATABASE
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE
- STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- SUMMARY_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- GLOBAL_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- Workload
-
Session and Thread
- SESSION_STAT
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT
- SESSION_TIME
- GLOBAL_SESSION_TIME
- SESSION_MEMORY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY
- SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- LOCAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- SESSION_CPU_RUNTIME
- SESSION_MEMORY_RUNTIME
- LOCAL_ACTIVE_SESSION
- GLOBAL_ACTIVE_SESSION
- Transaction
- Query
-
Cache and I/O
- STATIO_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- Communication Library
-
Utility
- REPLICATION_STAT
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_STAT
- REPLICATION_SLOTS
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- PARALLEL_DECODE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PARALLEL_DECODE_STATUS
- PARALLEL_DECODE_THREAD_INFO
- GLOBAL_PARALLEL_DECODE_THREAD_INFO
- BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_BGWRITER_STAT
- POOLER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_COMM_CHECK_CONNECTION_STATUS
- GLOBAL_CKPT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_DOUBLE_WRITE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PAGEWRITER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_POOLER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECORD_RESET_TIME
- GLOBAL_REDO_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECOVERY_STATUS
- CLASS_VITAL_INFO
- USER_LOGIN
- SUMMARY_USER_LOGIN
- GLOBAL_GET_BGWRITER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_SINGLE_FLUSH_DW_STATUS
- GLOBAL_CANDIDATE_STATUS
- Lock
- Wait Event
- Configuration
- Operator
- Workload Manager
- Global Plan Cache
- RTO & RPO
- AI Watchdog
- Discarded
- WDR Snapshot Schema
-
DBE_SQL_UTIL Schema
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_hint_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_abort_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.drop_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.enable_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.disable_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.show_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_hint_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_abort_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_remote_hint_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.create_remote_abort_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.drop_remote_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.enable_remote_sql_patch
- DBE_SQL_UTIL.disable_remote_sql_patch
-
Configuring Running Parameters
- Viewing Parameters
- Setting Parameters
-
GUC Parameters
- GUC Parameter Usage
- File Location
- Connection and Authentication
- Resource Consumption
- Parallel Data Import
- Write Ahead Log
- HA Replication
- Query Planning
- Error Reporting and Logging
- Alarm Detection
- Statistics During the Database Running
- Automatic Vacuuming
- Default Settings of Client Connection
- Lock Management
- Version and Platform Compatibility
- Fault Tolerance
- Connection Pool Parameters
- Cluster Transaction Parameters
- Dual-Cluster Replication Parameters
- Developer Options
- Auditing
- Transaction Monitoring
- CM Parameters
- GTM Parameters
- Upgrade Parameters
- Miscellaneous Parameters
- Wait Event
- Query
- System Performance Snapshot
- Security Configuration
- HyperLogLog
- User-defined Functions
- Collaborative Analysis
- Acceleration Cluster
- Scheduled Task
- Thread Pool
- Full Text Search
- Backup and Restoration
- AI Features
- Global SysCache Parameters
- Reserved Parameters
- Read Parameters of the Standby Node in a Distributed System
- Restoring Data on the Standby Node
- Undo
- Rollback Parameters
- DCF Parameters Settings
- Flashback
-
Developer Guide(Centralized_3.x)
- Database System Overview
- Database Security
- Database Quick Start
- Development and Design Proposal
-
Application Development Guide
- Development Specifications
- Obtaining the Driver Package
-
Development Based on JDBC
- JDBC Package, Driver Class, and Environment Class
- Development Process
- Loading a Driver
- Connecting to a Database
- Connecting to a Database (Using SSL)
- Connecting to a Database (Using UDS)
- Running SQL Statements
- Processing Data in a Result Set
- Closing a Connection
- Log Management
- Examples: Common Operations
- Example: Retrying SQL Queries for Applications
- Example: Importing and Exporting Data Through Local Files
- Example: Migrating Data from MY
- Example: Logical Replication Code
- Example: Parameters for Connecting to the Database in Different Scenarios
-
JDBC API Reference
- java.sql.Connection
- java.sql.CallableStatement
- java.sql.DatabaseMetaData
- java.sql.Driver
- java.sql.PreparedStatement
- java.sql.ResultSet
- java.sql.ResultSetMetaData
- java.sql.Statement
- javax.sql.ConnectionPoolDataSource
- javax.sql.DataSource
- javax.sql.PooledConnection
- javax.naming.Context
- javax.naming.spi.InitialContextFactory
- CopyManager
- PGReplicationConnection
- PGReplicationStream
- ChainedStreamBuilder
- ChainedCommonStreamBuilder
- PGobject
- Common JDBC Parameters
- Troubleshooting
- Mapping for JDBC Data Types
- Development Based on ODBC
- Development Based on libpq
- Psycopg-based Development
- Development Based on the Go Driver
-
ECPG-based Development
- Development Process
- ecpg Components
- ecpg Preprocessing and Compiling
- Managing Database Connections
- Running SQL Commands
- Querying the Result Set
- Closing a Database Connection
- Host Variables
- Executing Dynamic SQL Statements
- Error Handling
- Preprocessor Directives
- Using Library Functions
- SQL Descriptor Area
- Examples
- ECPG API Reference
- Debugging
-
SQL Optimization
- Query Execution Process
- Introduction to the SQL Execution Plan
- Optimization Process
- Updating Statistics
- Reviewing and Modifying a Table Definition
- Typical SQL Optimization Methods
- Experience in Rewriting SQL Statements
- Configuring Key Parameters for SQL Tuning
-
Hint-based Tuning
- Plan Hint Optimization
- Hint Specifying the Query Block Where the Hint Is Located
- Hint Specifying the Query Block and Schema of a Table
- Join Order Hints
- Join Operation Hints
- Rows Hints
- Stream Operation Hints
- Scan Operation Hints
- Sublink Name Hints
- Hint Errors, Conflicts, and Other Warnings
- Optimizer GUC Parameter Hints
- Hint for Selecting the Custom Plan or Generic Plan
- Hints Specifying Not to Expand Subqueries
- Hint Specifying Not to Use Global Plan Cache
- Hint of Parameterized Paths at the Same Level
- Hint for Setting Slow SQL Control Rules
- Hint for Adaptive Plan Selection
- Hint for Materializing a Sub-plan Result
- Bitmap Scan Hints
- Hint for Inner Table Materialization During Join
- AGG Hint
- Introduction to Plan Trace
- Tuning with SQL PATCH
- Optimization Cases
-
SQL Reference
- SQL
- Keywords
- Data Types
- Constant and Macro
-
Functions and Operators
- Logical Operators
- Comparison Operators
- Character Processing Functions and Operators
- Binary String Functions and Operators
- Bit String Functions and Operators
- Pattern Matching Operators
- Arithmetic Functions and Operators
- Date and Time Processing Functions and Operators
- Type Conversion Functions
- Geometric Functions and Operators
- Network Address Functions and Operators
- Text Search Functions and Operators
- JSON/JSONB Functions and Operators
- HLL Functions and Operators
- SEQUENCE Functions
- Array Functions and Operators
- Range Functions and Operators
- Aggregate Functions
- Window Functions
- Security Functions
- Encrypted Functions and Operators
- Set Returning Functions
- Conditional Expression Functions
- System Information Functions
-
System Administration Functions
- Configuration Settings Functions
- Universal File Access Functions
- Server Signal Functions
- Backup and Restoration Control Functions
- DR Control Functions for Dual-Database Instances
- DR Query Functions for Dual-Database Instances
- Snapshot Synchronization Functions
- Database Object Functions
- Advisory Lock Functions
- Logical Replication Functions
- Other Functions
- Undo System Functions
- SQL Statement Concurrency Control Function
- Statistics Information Functions
- Trigger Functions
- Hash Function
- Prompt Message Function
- Global Temporary Table Functions
- Fault Injection System Function
- AI Feature Functions
- Dynamic Data Masking Functions
- Hierarchical Recursion Query Functions
- Other System Functions
- Internal Functions
- Global SysCache Functions
- Data Damage Detection and Repair Functions
- Functions of the XML Type
- Functions of the XMLType Type
- Global PL/SQL Cache Functions
- Obsolete Functions
- Expressions
- Pseudocolumn
- Type Conversion
- System Operation
- Controlling Transactions
- DDL Syntax Overview
- DML Syntax Overview
- DCL Syntax Overview
-
SQL Syntax
- SQL Syntax
- ABORT
- ALTER AGGREGATE
- ALTER AUDIT POLICY
- ALTER COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- ALTER EVENT
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER DATABASE LINK
- ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES
- ALTER DIRECTORY
- ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ALTER GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- ALTER GROUP
- ALTER INDEX
- ALTER LANGUAGE
- ALTER MASKING POLICY
- ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
- ALTER OPERATOR
- ALTER PACKAGE
- ALTER PROCEDURE
- ALTER RESOURCE LABEL
- ALTER RESOURCE POOL
- ALTER ROLE
- ALTER ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- ALTER SCHEMA
- ALTER SEQUENCE
- ALTER SERVER
- ALTER SESSION
- ALTER SYNONYM
- ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
- ALTER TABLE
- ALTER TABLE PARTITION
- ALTER TABLE SUBPARTITION
- ALTER TABLESPACE
- ALTER TRIGGER
- ALTER TYPE
- ALTER USER
- ALTER USER MAPPING
- ALTER VIEW
- ANALYZE | ANALYSE
- BEGIN
- CALL
- CHECKPOINT
- CLEAN CONNECTION
- CLOSE
- CLUSTER
- COMMENT
- COMMIT | END
- COMMIT PREPARED
- COPY
- CREATE AGGREGATE
- CREATE AUDIT POLICY
- CREATE CAST
- CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY
- CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- CREATE CONVERSION
- CREATE DATABASE
- CREATE DATABASE LINK
- CREATE DIRECTORY
- CREATE EVENT
- CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- CREATE FUNCTION
- CREATE GROUP
- CREATE INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE INDEX
- CREATE LANGUAGE
- CREATE MASKING POLICY
- CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE MODEL
- CREATE OPERATOR
- CREATE OPERATOR CLASS
- CREATE PACKAGE
- CREATE PROCEDURE
- CREATE RESOURCE LABEL
- CREATE RESOURCE POOL
- CREATE ROLE
- CREATE ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- CREATE RULE
- CREATE SCHEMA
- CREATE SEQUENCE
- CREATE SERVER
- CREATE SYNONYM
- CREATE TABLE
- CREATE TABLE AS
- CREATE TABLE PARTITION
- CREATE TABLESPACE
- CREATE TABLE SUBPARTITION
- CREATE TRIGGER
- CREATE TYPE
- CREATE USER
- CREATE USER MAPPING
- CREATE VIEW
- CREATE WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- CURSOR
- DEALLOCATE
- DECLARE
- DELETE
- DO
- DROP AGGREGATE
- DROP AUDIT POLICY
- DROP CAST
- DROP CLIENT MASTER KEY
- DROP COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- DROP DATABASE
- DROP DATABASE LINK
- DROP DIRECTORY
- DROP EVENT
- DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER
- DROP FUNCTION
- DROP GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- DROP GROUP
- DROP INDEX
- DROP LANGUAGE
- DROP MASKING POLICY
- DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
- DROP MODEL
- DROP OPERATOR
- DROP OWNED
- DROP PACKAGE
- DROP PROCEDURE
- DROP RESOURCE LABEL
- DROP RESOURCE POOL
- DROP ROLE
- DROP ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- DROP RULE
- DROP SCHEMA
- DROP SEQUENCE
- DROP SERVER
- DROP SYNONYM
- DROP TABLE
- DROP TABLESPACE
- DROP TRIGGER
- DROP TYPE
- DROP USER
- DROP USER MAPPING
- DROP VIEW
- DROP WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- EXECUTE
- EXPDP DATABASE
- EXPDP TABLE
- EXPLAIN
- EXPLAIN PLAN
- FETCH
- GRANT
- IMPDP DATABASE CREATE
- IMPDP RECOVER
- IMPDP TABLE
- IMPDP TABLE PREPARE
- INSERT
- LOCK
- MERGE INTO
- MOVE
- PREDICT BY
- PREPARE
- PREPARE TRANSACTION
- PURGE
- REASSIGN OWNED
- REFRESH INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW
- REINDEX
- RELEASE SAVEPOINT
- RESET
- REVOKE
- ROLLBACK
- ROLLBACK PREPARED
- ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
- SAVEPOINT
- SELECT
- SELECT INTO
- SET
- SET CONSTRAINTS
- SET ROLE
- SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
- SET TRANSACTION
- SHOW
- SHOW EVENTS
- SHUTDOWN
- SNAPSHOT
- START TRANSACTION
- TIMECAPSULE TABLE
- TRUNCATE
- UPDATE
- VACUUM
- VALUES
- ALTER EXTENSION
- CREATE EXTENSION
- DROP EXTENSION
- Appendix
- Best Practices
- User-defined Functions
- Stored Procedure
- Autonomous Transaction
-
System Catalogs and System Views
- Overview of System Catalogs and System Views
-
System Catalogs
- GS_ASP
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_ACCESS
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_FILTERS
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_PRIVILEGES
- GS_CLIENT_GLOBAL_KEYS
- GS_CLIENT_GLOBAL_KEYS_ARGS
- GS_COLUMN_KEYS
- GS_COLUMN_KEYS_ARGS
- GS_DATABASE_LINK
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGE
- GS_DEPENDENCIES
- GS_DEPENDENCIES_OBJ
- GS_ENCRYPTED_COLUMNS
- GS_ENCRYPTED_PROC
- GS_GLOBAL_CONFIG
- GS_JOB_ARGUMENT
- GS_JOB_ATTRIBUTE
- GS_MASKING_POLICY
- GS_MASKING_POLICY_ACTIONS
- GS_MASKING_POLICY_FILTERS
- GS_MATVIEW
- GS_MATVIEW_DEPENDENCY
- GS_MODEL_WAREHOUSE
- GS_OPT_MODEL
- GS_PACKAGE
- GS_PLAN_TRACE
- GS_POLICY_LABEL
- GS_RECYCLEBIN
- GS_SQL_PATCH
- GS_TXN_SNAPSHOT
- GS_UID
- GS_WORKLOAD_RULE
- PG_AGGREGATE
- PG_AM
- PG_AMOP
- PG_AMPROC
- PG_APP_WORKLOADGROUP_MAPPING
- PG_ATTRDEF
- PG_ATTRIBUTE
- PG_AUTHID
- PG_AUTH_HISTORY
- PG_AUTH_MEMBERS
- PG_CAST
- PG_CLASS
- PG_COLLATION
- PG_CONSTRAINT
- PG_CONVERSION
- PG_DATABASE
- PG_DB_ROLE_SETTING
- PG_DEFAULT_ACL
- PG_DEPEND
- PG_DESCRIPTION
- PG_DIRECTORY
- PG_ENUM
- PG_EXTENSION
- PG_FOREIGN_DATA_WRAPPER
- PG_FOREIGN_SERVER
- PG_HASHBUCKET
- PG_INDEX
- PG_INHERITS
- PG_JOB
- PG_JOB_PROC
- PG_LANGUAGE
- PG_LARGEOBJECT
- PG_LARGEOBJECT_METADATA
- PG_NAMESPACE
- PG_OBJECT
- PG_OPCLASS
- PG_OPERATOR
- PG_OPFAMILY
- PG_PARTITION
- PG_PLTEMPLATE
- PG_PROC
- PG_RANGE
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN
- PG_RESOURCE_POOL
- PG_REWRITE
- PG_RLSPOLICY
- PG_SECLABEL
- PG_SHDEPEND
- PG_SHDESCRIPTION
- PG_SHSECLABEL
- PG_SET
- PG_STATISTIC
- PG_STATISTIC_EXT
- PG_SYNONYM
- PG_TABLESPACE
- PG_TRIGGER
- PG_TS_CONFIG
- PG_TS_CONFIG_MAP
- PG_TS_DICT
- PG_TS_PARSER
- PG_TS_TEMPLATE
- PG_TYPE
- PG_USER_MAPPING
- PG_USER_STATUS
- PGXC_CLASS
- PGXC_GROUP
- PGXC_NODE
- PGXC_SLICE
- PLAN_TABLE_DATA
- STATEMENT_HISTORY
- STREAMING_STREAM
- STREAMING_CONT_QUERY
-
System Views
- ADM_ARGUMENTS
- ADM_AUDIT_OBJECT
- ADM_AUDIT_SESSION
- ADM_AUDIT_STATEMENT
- ADM_AUDIT_TRAIL
- ADM_COL_COMMENTS
- ADM_COL_PRIVS
- ADM_COLL_TYPES
- ADM_CONS_COLUMNS
- ADM_CONSTRAINTS
- ADM_DATA_FILES
- ADM_DEPENDENCIES
- ADM_DIRECTORIES
- ADM_HIST_SNAPSHOT
- ADM_HIST_SQL_PLAN
- ADM_HIST_SQLSTAT
- ADM_HIST_SQLTEXT
- ADM_IND_COLUMNS
- ADM_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- ADM_IND_PARTITIONS
- ADM_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- ADM_INDEXES
- ADM_OBJECTS
- ADM_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- ADM_PART_INDEXES
- ADM_PART_TABLES
- ADM_PROCEDURES
- ADM_RECYCLEBIN
- ADM_ROLE_PRIVS
- ADM_ROLES
- ADM_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_JOBS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_PROGRAMS
- ADM_SCHEDULER_RUNNING_JOBS
- ADM_SEGMENTS
- ADM_SEQUENCES
- ADM_SOURCE
- ADM_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
- ADM_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- ADM_SYNONYMS
- ADM_SYS_PRIVS
- ADM_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- ADM_TAB_COLS
- ADM_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- ADM_TAB_PRIVS
- ADM_TAB_STATISTICS
- ADM_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- ADM_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- ADM_TABLES
- ADM_TABLESPACES
- ADM_TAB_COLUMNS
- ADM_TAB_COMMENTS
- ADM_TAB_PARTITIONS
- ADM_TRIGGERS
- ADM_TYPE_ATTRS
- ADM_TYPES
- ADM_USERS
- ADM_VIEWS
- DB_ALL_TABLES
- DB_ARGUMENTS
- DB_COL_COMMENTS
- DB_COL_PRIVS
- DB_COLL_TYPES
- DB_CONS_COLUMNS
- DB_CONSTRAINTS
- DB_DEPENDENCIES
- DB_ERRORS
- DB_IND_COLUMNS
- DB_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- DB_IND_PARTITIONS
- DB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- DB_INDEXES
- DB_OBJECTS
- DB_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- DB_PART_INDEXES
- DB_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
- DB_PART_TABLES
- DB_PROCEDURES
- DB_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- DB_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- DB_SEQUENCES
- DB_SOURCE
- DB_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
- DB_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- DB_SYNONYMS
- DB_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- DB_TAB_COLUMNS
- DB_TAB_COMMENTS
- DB_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- DB_TAB_PARTITIONS
- DB_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- DB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- DB_TABLES
- DB_TRIGGERS
- DB_TYPES
- DB_USERS
- DB_VIEWS
- DICT
- DICTIONARY
- DV_SESSION_LONGOPS
- DV_SESSIONS
- GS_ALL_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_ALL_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- GS_AUDITING
- GS_AUDITING_ACCESS
- GS_AUDITING_PRIVILEGE
- GS_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_INFO
- GS_COMM_LISTEN_ADDRESS_EXT_INFO
- GS_COMM_PROXY_THREAD_STATUS
- GS_DB_LINKS
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGES
- GS_FILE_STAT
- GS_GET_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_GET_LISTEN_ADDRESS_EXT_INFO
- GS_GLC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_GLOBAL_ARCHIVE_STATUS
- GS_GSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_INSTANCE_TIME
- GS_LABELS
- GS_LSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_MASKING
- GS_MATVIEWS
- GS_MY_PLAN_TRACE
- GS_OS_RUN_INFO
- GS_REDO_STAT
- GS_SESSION_ALL_SETTINGS
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_SESSION_STAT
- GS_SESSION_TIME
- GS_SQL_COUNT
- GS_STAT_ALL_PARTITIONS
- GS_STAT_XACT_ALL_PARTITIONS
- GS_STATIO_ALL_PARTITIONS
- GS_THREAD_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- GS_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_TOTAL_NODEGROUP_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_WLM_WORKLOAD_RECORDS
- GS_WORKLOAD_RULE_STAT
- GV_INSTANCE
- GV_SESSION
- MPP_TABLES
- MY_COL_COMMENTS
- MY_COL_PRIVS
- MY_COLL_TYPES
- MY_CONS_COLUMNS
- MY_CONSTRAINTS
- MY_DEPENDENCIES
- MY_ERRORS
- MY_IND_COLUMNS
- MY_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- MY_IND_PARTITIONS
- MY_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- MY_INDEXES
- MY_JOBS
- MY_OBJECTS
- MY_PART_COL_STATISTICS
- MY_PART_INDEXES
- MY_PART_KEY_COLUMNS
- MY_PART_TABLES
- MY_PROCEDURES
- MY_RECYCLEBIN
- MY_ROLE_PRIVS
- MY_SCHEDULER_JOB_ARGS
- MY_SCHEDULER_PROGRAM_ARGS
- MY_SEQUENCES
- MY_SOURCE
- MY_SUBPART_COL_STATISTICS
- MY_SUBPART_KEY_COLUMNS
- MY_SYNONYMS
- MY_SYS_PRIVS
- MY_TAB_COL_STATISTICS
- MY_TAB_COLUMNS
- MY_TAB_COMMENTS
- MY_TAB_HISTOGRAMS
- MY_TAB_PARTITIONS
- MY_TAB_STATISTICS
- MY_TAB_STATS_HISTORY
- MY_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- MY_TABLES
- MY_TABLESPACES
- MY_TRIGGERS
- MY_TYPE_ATTRS
- MY_TYPES
- MY_VIEWS
- NLS_DATABASE_PARAMETERS
- NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSION_VERSIONS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSIONS
- PG_COMM_DELAY
- PG_COMM_RECV_STREAM
- PG_COMM_SEND_STREAM
- PG_COMM_STATUS
- PG_CONTROL_GROUP_CONFIG
- PG_CURSORS
- PG_EXT_STATS
- PG_GET_SENDERS_CATCHUP_TIME
- PG_GROUP
- PG_GTT_ATTACHED_PIDS
- PG_GTT_RELSTATS
- PG_GTT_STATS
- PG_INDEXES
- PG_LOCKS
- PG_NODE_ENV
- PG_OS_THREADS
- PG_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- PG_PREPARED_XACTS
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN_STATUS
- PG_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- PG_RLSPOLICIES
- PG_ROLES
- PG_RULES
- PG_RUNNING_XACTS
- PG_SECLABELS
- PG_SETTINGS
- PG_SHADOW
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY_NG
- PG_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- PG_STAT_BGWRITER
- PG_STAT_DATABASE
- PG_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- PG_STAT_REPLICATION
- PG_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STATS
- PG_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- PG_TABLES
- PG_TDE_INFO
- PG_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PG_TIMEZONE_ABBREVS
- PG_TIMEZONE_NAMES
- PG_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO_OID
- PG_USER
- PG_USER_MAPPINGS
- PG_VARIABLE_INFO
- PG_VIEWS
- PGXC_PREPARED_XACTS
- PGXC_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PLAN_TABLE
- ROLE_ROLE_PRIVS
- ROLE_SYS_PRIVS
- ROLE_TAB_PRIVS
- SYS_DUMMY
- V_INSTANCE
- V_MYSTAT
- V_SESSION
- V$GLOBAL_TRANSACTION
- V$NLS_PARAMETERS
- V$SESSION_WAIT
- V$SYSSTAT
- V$SYSTEM_EVENT
- V$VERSION
- Discarded
-
Schemas
- Information Schema
-
DBE_PERF Schema
- OS
- Instance
- Memory
- File
-
Object
- STAT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- STAT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- STAT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- STAT_DATABASE
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE
- STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- SUMMARY_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- GLOBAL_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- Workload
-
Session/Thread
- SESSION_STAT
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT
- SESSION_TIME
- GLOBAL_SESSION_TIME
- SESSION_MEMORY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY
- SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- LOCAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- LOCAL_ACTIVE_SESSION
- Transaction
- Query
-
Cache/IO
- STATIO_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
-
Utility
- REPLICATION_STAT
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_STAT
- REPLICATION_SLOTS
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_CKPT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_DOUBLE_WRITE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PAGEWRITER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECORD_RESET_TIME
- GLOBAL_REDO_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECOVERY_STATUS
- CLASS_VITAL_INFO
- USER_LOGIN
- SUMMARY_USER_LOGIN
- GLOBAL_SINGLE_FLUSH_DW_STATUS
- GLOBAL_CANDIDATE_STATUS
- PARALLEL_DECODE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PARALLEL_DECODE_STATUS
- PARALLEL_DECODE_THREAD_INFO
- GLOBAL_PARALLEL_DECODE_THREAD_INFO
- Lock
- Wait Events
- Configuration
- Operator
- Workload Manager
- Global Plancache
- RTO & RPO
- AI Watchdog
- Discarded
- WDR Snapshot Schema
-
DBE_PLDEBUGGER Schema
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.turn_on
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.turn_off
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.local_debug_server_info
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.attach
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_locals
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.next
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.continue
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.abort
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.print_var
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_code
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.step
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.add_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.delete_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_breakpoints
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.backtrace
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.enable_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.disable_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.finish
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.set_var
- DB4AI Schema
- DBE_PLDEVELOPER
- DBE_SQL_UTIL Schema
-
Configuring Running Parameters
- Viewing Parameters
- Setting Parameters
-
GUC Parameters
- GUC Parameter Usage
- File Location
- Connection and Authentication
- Resource Consumption
- Data Import and Export
- Write Ahead Log
- HA Replication
- Query Planning
- Error Reporting and Logging
- Alarm Detection
- Statistics During the Database Running
- Automatic Vacuuming
- Default Settings of Client Connection
- Lock Management
- Version and Platform Compatibility
- Fault Tolerance
- Connection Pool Parameters
- Transaction
- Replication Parameters of Two Database Instances
- Developer Options
- Auditing
- CM Parameters
- Upgrade Parameters
- Miscellaneous Parameters
- Wait Events
- Query
- System Performance Snapshot
- Security Configuration
- Global Temporary Table
- HyperLogLog
- User-defined Functions
- Scheduled Task
- Thread Pool
- Backup and Restoration
- Undo
- DCF Parameters Settings
- Flashback
- Rollback Parameters
- Reserved Parameters
- AI Features
- Global SysCache Parameters
- Parameters Related to the Efficient Data Compression Algorithm
- Restoring Data on the Standby Node
- Delimiter
- Global PL/SQL Cache Parameters
-
Developer Guide(Distributed_2.x)
- Overview
- Working with Databases
- Development and Design Proposal
- Best Practices
-
Tutorial: Using GDS to Import Data from a Remote Server
- Overview
- Prerequisites
- Step 1: Preparing Source Data
- Step 2: Installing, Configuring, and Starting GDS on a Data Server
- Step 3: Creating a Foreign Table in GaussDB
- Step 4: Importing Data to GaussDB
- Step 5: Analyzing and Handling Import Errors
- Step 6: Improving Query Efficiency After Data Import
- Step 7: Stopping GDS
- Step 8: Cleaning Up Resources
-
Application Development Guide
- Development Specifications
- Obtaining the Driver Package
-
Development Based on JDBC
- JDBC Package, Driver Class, and Environment Class
- Development Process
- Loading a Driver
- Connecting to a Database
- Connecting to the Database (Using SSL)
- Connecting to a Database (Using UDS)
- Running SQL Statements
- Processing Data in a Result Set
- Closing a Connection
- Log Management
- Example: Common Operations
- Example: Retrying SQL Queries for Applications
- Example: Importing and Exporting Data Through Local Files
- Example: Migrating Data from MySQL
- Example: Logic Replication Code
- Example: Parameters for Connecting to the Database in Different Scenarios
- JDBC Interface Reference
- Development Based on ODBC
- Development Based on libpq
- Psycopg-based Development
- Database Security Management
-
Importing Data
- Importing Data in Parallel Using Foreign Tables
- Running the INSERT Statement to Insert Data
- Running the COPY FROM STDIN Statement to Import Data
- Using a gsql Meta-Command to Import Data
- Updating Data in a Table
- Deep Copy
- Checking for Data Skew
- Analyzing Tables
- Doing VACUUM to a Table
- Managing Concurrent Write Operations
- Exporting Data
-
Performance Tuning
- Overview
- Determining the Scope of Performance Tuning
-
SQL Optimization
- Query Execution Process
- Introduction to the SQL Execution Plan
- Optimization Process
- Updating Statistics
- Reviewing and Modifying a Table Definition
- Typical SQL Optimization Methods
- Experience in Rewriting SQL Statements
- Configuring Key Parameters for SQL Tuning
-
Hint-based Tuning
- Plan Hint Optimization
- Join Order Hints
- Join Operation Hints
- Rows Hints
- Stream Operation Hints
- Scan Operation Hints
- Sublink Name Hints
- Skew Hints
- Parameterized Path Hint
- Hint Errors, Conflicts, and Other Warnings
- Plan Hint Cases
- Optimizer GUC Parameter Hints
- Hints for Selecting the Custom Plan or Generic Plan
- Hints Specifying Not to Expand Subqueries
- Hints Specifying Not to Use Global Plan Cache
- Hint of Parameterized Paths at the Same Level
- Checking the Implicit Conversion Performance
- Using the Vectorized Executor for Tuning
-
Optimization Cases
- Case: Selecting an Appropriate Distribution Key
- Case: Creating an Appropriate Index
- Case: Adding NOT NULL for JOIN Columns
- Case: Pushing Down Sort Operations to DNs
- Case: Setting cost_param and Optimizing Query Performance
- Case: Adjusting Distribution Keys
- Case: Adjusting Partial Clustering Keys
- Case: Adjusting the Table Storage Model in a Medium Table
- Case: Adjusting Partial Clustering Keys
- Case: Modifying a Partitioned Table
- Case: Adjusting the GUC Parameter best_agg_plan
- Case: Rewriting SQL and Deleting Subqueries (1)
- Case: Rewriting SQL and Deleting Subqueries (2)
- Case: Rewriting SQL Statements to Eliminate Pruning Interference
- Case: Rewriting SQL Statements and Deleting in-clause
- Case: Setting Partial Cluster Keys
- Case: Modifying the GUC Parameter rewrite_rule
- Case: Using DN Gather to Reduce Stream Nodes in the Plan
- Case: Adjusting I/O Parameters to Reduce the Log Bloat Rate
- Configuring Running Parameters
-
SQL Reference
- GaussDB SQL
- Keywords
-
Data Type
- Numeric Types
- Monetary Types
- Boolean Types
- Character Types
- Binary Types
- Date/Time Types
- Geometric Types
- Network Address Types
- Bit String Types
- Text Search Types
- UUID Type
- JSON/JSONB Types
- HLL
- Range
- Object Identifier Types
- Pseudo-Types
- Data Types Supported by Column-store Tables
- Data Types Used by the Ledger Database
- ACLItem
- Constant and Macro
-
Functions and Operators
- Logical Operators
- Comparison Operators
- Character Processing Functions and Operators
- Binary String Functions and Operators
- Bit String Functions and Operators
- Pattern Matching Operators
- Arithmetic Functions and Operators
- Date and Time Processing Functions and Operators
- Type Conversion Functions
- Geometric Functions and Operators
- Network Address Functions and Operators
- Text Search Functions and Operators
- JSON/JSONB Functions and Operators
- HLL Functions and Operators
- SEQUENCE Functions
- Array Functions and Operators
- Range Functions and Operators
- Aggregate Functions
- Window Functions
- Security Functions
- Ledger Database Functions
- Encrypted Equality Functions
- Set Returning Functions
- Conditional Expression Functions
- System Information Functions
-
System Administration Functions
- Configuration Settings Functions
- Universal File Access Functions
- Server Signal Functions
- Backup and Restoration Control Functions
- Dual-Cluster DR Control Functions
- Dual-Cluster DR Query Functions
- Snapshot Synchronization Functions
- Database Object Functions
- Advisory Lock Functions
- Logical Replication Functions
- Segment-Page Storage Functions
- Other Functions
- Statistics Information Functions
- Trigger Functions
- Hash Function
- Prompt Message Function
- Fault Injection System Function
- Redistribution Parameters
- Distribution Column Recommendation Functions
- Other System Functions
- Internal Functions
- AI Feature Functions
- Dynamic Data Masking Functions
- Hotkey Feature Functions
- Global SysCache Functions
- Data Damage Detection and Repair Functions
- Obsolete Functions
- Expressions
- Type Conversion
- Full Text Search
- System Operation
- Controlling Transactions
- DDL Syntax Overview
- DML Syntax Overview
- DCL Syntax Overview
-
SQL Syntax
- ABORT
- ALTER APP WORKLOAD GROUP MAPPING
- ALTER AUDIT POLICY
- ALTER COORDINATOR
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER DATA SOURCE
- ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES
- ALTER DIRECTORY
- ALTER FOREIGN TABLE (for Import and Export)
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ALTER GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- ALTER GROUP
- ALTER INDEX
- ALTER LANGUAGE
- ALTER LARGE OBJECT
- ALTER MASKING POLICY
- ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
- ALTER NODE
- ALTER NODE GROUP
- ALTER RESOURCE LABEL
- ALTER RESOURCE POOL
- ALTER ROLE
- ALTER ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- ALTER SCHEMA
- ALTER SEQUENCE
- ALTER SERVER
- ALTER SESSION
- ALTER SYNONYM
- ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
- ALTER TABLE
- ALTER TABLE PARTITION
- ALTER TABLESPACE
- ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
- ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
- ALTER TRIGGER
- ALTER TYPE
- ALTER USER
- ALTER VIEW
- ALTER WORKLOAD GROUP
- ANALYZE | ANALYSE
- BEGIN
- CALL
- CHECKPOINT
- CLEAN CONNECTION
- CLOSE
- CLUSTER
- COMMENT
- COMMIT | END
- COMMIT PREPARED
- COPY
- CREATE APP WORKLOAD GROUP MAPPING
- CREATE AUDIT POLICY
- CREATE BARRIER
- CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY
- CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- CREATE CONVERSION
- CREATE DATABASE
- CREATE DATA SOURCE
- CREATE DIRECTORY
- CREATE FOREIGN TABLE (for Import and Export)
- CREATE FUNCTION
- CREATE GROUP
- CREATE INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE INDEX
- CREATE LANGUAGE
- CREATE MASKING POLICY
- CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE MODEL
- CREATE NODE
- CREATE NODE GROUP
- CREATE PROCEDURE
- CREATE RESOURCE LABEL
- CREATE RESOURCE POOL
- CREATE ROLE
- CREATE ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- CREATE SCHEMA
- CREATE SEQUENCE
- CREATE SERVER
- CREATE SYNONYM
- CREATE TABLE
- CREATE TABLESPACE
- CREATE TABLE AS
- CREATE TABLE PARTITION
- CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
- CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
- CREATE TRIGGER
- CREATE TYPE
- CREATE USER
- CREATE VIEW
- CREATE WORKLOAD GROUP
- CREATE WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- CURSOR
- DEALLOCATE
- DECLARE
- DELETE
- DO
- DROP APP WORKLOAD GROUP MAPPING
- DROP AUDIT POLICY
- DROP CLIENT MASTER KEY
- DROP COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- DROP DATABASE
- DROP DATA SOURCE
- DROP DIRECTORY
- DROP FOREIGN TABLE
- DROP FUNCTION
- DROP GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- DROP GROUP
- DROP INDEX
- DROP LANGUAGE
- DROP MASKING POLICY
- DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
- DROP MODEL
- DROP NODE
- DROP NODE GROUP
- DROP OWNED
- DROP PROCEDURE
- DROP RESOURCE LABEL
- DROP RESOURCE POOL
- DROP ROLE
- DROP ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- DROP SCHEMA
- DROP SEQUENCE
- DROP SERVER
- DROP SYNONYM
- DROP TABLE
- DROP TABLESPACE
- DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
- DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
- DROP TRIGGER
- DROP TYPE
- DROP USER
- DROP VIEW
- DROP WORKLOAD GROUP
- DROP WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- EXECUTE
- EXECUTE DIRECT
- EXPLAIN
- EXPLAIN PLAN
- FETCH
- GRANT
- INSERT
- LOCK
- MOVE
- MERGE INTO
- PREDICT BY
- PREPARE
- PREPARE TRANSACTION
- REASSIGN OWNED
- REINDEX
- REFRESH INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW
- RELEASE SAVEPOINT
- RESET
- REVOKE
- ROLLBACK
- ROLLBACK PREPARED
- ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
- SAVEPOINT
- SELECT
- SELECT INTO
- SET
- SET CONSTRAINTS
- SET ROLE
- SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
- SET TRANSACTION
- SHOW
- SHUTDOWN
- START TRANSACTION
- TRUNCATE
- UPDATE
- VACUUM
- VALUES
- Appendix
- Stored Procedures
- Autonomous Transaction
-
System Catalogs and System Views
- Overview of System Catalogs and System Views
-
System Catalogs
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_ACCESS
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_FILTERS
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_PRIVILEGES
- GS_ASP
- GS_CLIENT_GLOBAL_KEYS
- GS_CLIENT_GLOBAL_KEYS_ARGS
- GS_COLUMN_KEYS
- GS_COLUMN_KEYS_ARGS
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGE
- GS_ENCRYPTED_COLUMNS
- GS_ENCRYPTED_PROC
- GS_GLOBAL_CHAIN
- GS_GLOBAL_CONFIG
- GS_JOB_ATTRIBUTE
- GS_JOB_ARGUMENT
- GS_MASKING_POLICY
- GS_MASKING_POLICY_ACTIONS
- GS_MASKING_POLICY_FILTERS
- GS_MATVIEW
- GS_MATVIEW_DEPENDENCY
- GS_MODEL_WAREHOUSE
- GS_OBSSCANINFO
- GS_OPT_MODEL
- GS_POLICY_LABEL
- GS_RECYCLEBIN
- GS_SQL_PATCH
- GS_TXN_SNAPSHOT
- GS_UID
- GS_WLM_EC_OPERATOR_INFO
- GS_WLM_INSTANCE_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_OPERATOR_INFO
- GS_WLM_SESSION_QUERY_INFO_ALL
- GS_WLM_USER_RESOURCE_HISTORY
- PG_AGGREGATE
- PG_AM
- PG_AMOP
- PG_AMPROC
- PG_APP_WORKLOADGROUP_MAPPING
- PG_ATTRDEF
- PG_ATTRIBUTE
- PG_AUTHID
- PG_AUTH_HISTORY
- PG_AUTH_MEMBERS
- PG_CAST
- PG_CLASS
- PG_COLLATION
- PG_CONSTRAINT
- PG_CONVERSION
- PG_DATABASE
- PG_DB_ROLE_SETTING
- PG_DEFAULT_ACL
- PG_DEPEND
- PG_DESCRIPTION
- PG_DIRECTORY
- PG_ENUM
- PG_EXTENSION
- PG_EXTENSION_DATA_SOURCE
- PG_FOREIGN_DATA_WRAPPER
- PG_FOREIGN_SERVER
- PG_FOREIGN_TABLE
- PG_HASHBUCKET
- PG_INDEX
- PG_INHERITS
- PG_JOB
- PG_JOB_PROC
- PG_LANGUAGE
- PG_LARGEOBJECT
- PG_LARGEOBJECT_METADATA
- PG_NAMESPACE
- PG_OBJECT
- PG_OBSSCANINFO
- PG_OPCLASS
- PG_OPERATOR
- PG_OPFAMILY
- PG_PARTITION
- PG_PLTEMPLATE
- PG_PROC
- PG_PUBLICATION
- PG_PUBLICATION_REL
- PG_RANGE
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN
- PG_RESOURCE_POOL
- PG_REWRITE
- PG_RLSPOLICY
- PG_SECLABEL
- PG_SHDEPEND
- PG_SHDESCRIPTION
- PG_SHSECLABEL
- PG_STATISTIC
- PG_STATISTIC_EXT
- PG_SUBSCRIPTION
- PG_SYNONYM
- PG_TABLESPACE
- PG_TRIGGER
- PG_TS_CONFIG
- PG_TS_CONFIG_MAP
- PG_TS_DICT
- PG_TS_PARSER
- PG_TS_TEMPLATE
- PG_TYPE
- PG_USER_MAPPING
- PG_USER_STATUS
- PG_WORKLOAD_GROUP
- PGXC_CLASS
- PGXC_GROUP
- PGXC_NODE
- PGXC_REDISTB
- PGXC_SLICE
- PLAN_TABLE_DATA
- STATEMENT_HISTORY
- STREAMING_STREAM
- STREAMING_CONT_QUERY
- STREAMING_REAPER_STATUS
-
System Views
- ADM_COL_COMMENTS
- ADM_CONS_COLUMNS
- ADM_CONSTRAINTS
- ADM_DATA_FILES
- ADM_HIST_SNAPSHOT
- ADM_HIST_SQL_PLAN
- ADM_HIST_SQLSTAT
- ADM_INDEXES
- ADM_IND_COLUMNS
- ADM_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- ADM_IND_PARTITIONS
- ADM_OBJECTS
- ADM_PART_INDEXES
- ADM_PART_TABLES
- ADM_PROCEDURES
- ADM_SEQUENCES
- ADM_SCHEDULER_JOBS
- ADM_SOURCE
- ADM_SYNONYMS
- ADM_TABLES
- ADM_TABLESPACES
- ADM_TAB_COLUMNS
- ADM_TAB_COMMENTS
- ADM_TAB_PARTITIONS
- ADM_TRIGGERS
- ADM_TYPE_ATTRS
- ADM_USERS
- ADM_VIEWS
- COMM_CLIENT_INFO
- DB_ALL_TABLES
- DB_CONSTRAINTS
- DB_CONS_COLUMNS
- DB_DEPENDENCIES
- DB_IND_COLUMNS
- DB_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- DB_INDEXES
- DB_OBJECTS
- DB_PROCEDURES
- DB_SEQUENCES
- DB_SOURCE
- DB_SYNONYMS
- DB_TAB_COLUMNS
- DB_TAB_COMMENTS
- DB_COL_COMMENTS
- DB_TABLES
- DB_TRIGGERS
- DB_USERS
- DB_VIEWS
- DV_SESSIONS
- DV_SESSION_LONGOPS
- GET_GLOBAL_PREPARED_XACTS
- GLOBAL_BAD_BLOCK_INFO
- GLOBAL_CLEAR_BAD_BLOCK_INFO
- GLOBAL_COMM_CLIENT_INFO
- GLOBAL_STAT_HOTKEYS_INFO
- GLOBAL_WAL_SENDER_STATUS
- GS_ALL_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_AUDITING
- GS_AUDITING_ACCESS
- GS_AUDITING_PRIVILEGE
- GS_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_INFO
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGES
- GS_GET_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_GSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_LABELS
- GS_LSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_MASKING
- GS_MATVIEWS
- GS_MATVIEWS
- GS_SESSION_CPU_STATISTICS
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_STATISTICS
- GS_SQL_COUNT
- GS_STAT_DB_CU
- GS_STAT_SESSION_CU
- GS_TOTAL_NODEGROUP_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_WLM_CGROUP_INFO
- GS_WLM_EC_OPERATOR_STATISTICS
- GS_WLM_EC_OPERATOR_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_OPERATOR_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_OPERATOR_STATISTICS
- GS_WLM_REBUILD_USER_RESOURCE_POOL
- GS_WLM_RESOURCE_POOL
- GS_WLM_SESSION_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_SESSION_INFO
- GS_WLM_SESSION_INFO_ALL
- GS_WLM_USER_INFO
- GS_WLM_USER_SESSION_INFO
- GS_WLM_SESSION_STATISTICS
- GS_WLM_WORKLOAD_RECORDS
- GV_SESSION
- MPP_TABLES
- MY_COL_COMMENTS
- MY_CONS_COLUMNS
- MY_CONSTRAINTS
- MY_INDEXES
- MY_IND_COLUMNS
- MY_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- MY_IND_PARTITIONS
- MY_JOBS
- MY_OBJECTS
- MY_PART_INDEXES
- MY_PART_TABLES
- MY_PROCEDURES
- MY_SEQUENCES
- MY_SOURCE
- MY_SYNONYMS
- MY_TAB_COLUMNS
- MY_TAB_COMMENTS
- MY_TAB_PARTITIONS
- MY_TABLES
- MY_TRIGGERS
- MY_VIEWS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSIONS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSION_VERSIONS
- PG_COMM_DELAY
- PG_COMM_RECV_STREAM
- PG_COMM_SEND_STREAM
- PG_COMM_STATUS
- PG_CONTROL_GROUP_CONFIG
- PG_CURSORS
- PG_EXT_STATS
- PG_GET_INVALID_BACKENDS
- PG_GET_SENDERS_CATCHUP_TIME
- PG_GROUP
- PG_INDEXES
- PG_LOCKS
- PG_NODE_ENV
- PG_OS_THREADS
- PG_POOLER_STATUS
- PG_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- PG_PREPARED_XACTS
- PG_PUBLICATION_TABLES
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN_STATUS
- PG_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- PG_RLSPOLICIES
- PG_ROLES
- PG_RULES
- PG_RUNNING_XACTS
- PG_SECLABELS
- PG_SESSION_IOSTAT
- PG_SESSION_WLMSTAT
- PG_SETTINGS
- PG_SHADOW
- PG_SHARED_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PG_STATS
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY_NG
- PG_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- PG_STAT_BGWRITER
- PG_STAT_DATABASE
- PG_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- PG_STAT_REPLICATION
- PG_STAT_SUBSCRIPTION
- PG_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- PG_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PG_TABLES
- PG_TDE_INFO
- PG_TIMEZONE_ABBREVS
- PG_TIMEZONE_NAMES
- PG_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO_OID
- PG_USER
- PG_USER_MAPPINGS
- PG_VARIABLE_INFO
- PG_VIEWS
- PG_WLM_STATISTICS
- PGXC_COMM_DELAY
- PGXC_COMM_RECV_STREAM
- PGXC_COMM_SEND_STREAM
- PGXC_COMM_STATUS
- PGXC_GET_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- PGXC_GET_TABLE_SKEWNESS
- PGXC_NODE_ENV
- PGXC_OS_THREADS
- PGXC_PREPARED_XACTS
- PGXC_RUNNING_XACTS
- PGXC_STAT_ACTIVITY
- PGXC_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- PGXC_SQL_COUNT
- PGXC_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PGXC_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PGXC_VARIABLE_INFO
- PGXC_WLM_EC_OPERATOR_HISTORY
- PGXC_WLM_EC_OPERATOR_INFO
- PGXC_WLM_EC_OPERATOR_STATISTICS
- PGXC_WLM_OPERATOR_HISTORY
- PGXC_WLM_OPERATOR_INFO
- PGXC_WLM_OPERATOR_STATISTICS
- PGXC_WLM_REBUILD_USER_RESPOOL
- PGXC_WLM_SESSION_HISTORY
- PGXC_WLM_SESSION_INFO
- PGXC_WLM_SESSION_STATISTICS
- PGXC_WLM_WORKLOAD_RECORDS
- PLAN_TABLE
- PV_FILE_STAT
- PV_INSTANCE_TIME
- PV_OS_RUN_INFO
- PV_REDO_STAT
- PV_SESSION_MEMORY
- PV_SESSION_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- PV_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PV_SESSION_STAT
- PV_SESSION_TIME
- PV_THREAD_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- PV_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- SYS_DUMMY
-
Schemas
- Information Schema
-
DBE_PERF Schema
- OS
- Instance
- Memory
- File
-
Object
- STAT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- STAT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- STAT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- STAT_DATABASE
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE
- STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- SUMMARY_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- GLOBAL_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- Workload
-
Session and Thread
- SESSION_STAT
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT
- SESSION_TIME
- GLOBAL_SESSION_TIME
- SESSION_MEMORY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY
- SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- LOCAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- SESSION_CPU_RUNTIME
- SESSION_MEMORY_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_IOSTAT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- LOCAL_ACTIVE_SESSION
- GLOBAL_ACTIVE_SESSION
- Transaction
-
Query
- STATEMENT
- SUMMARY_STATEMENT
- STATEMENT_COUNT
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COUNT
- SUMMARY_STATEMENT_COUNT
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY_TABLE
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_RESPONSETIME_PERCENTILE
- STATEMENT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY_TABLE
- STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY
- STATEMENT_WLMSTAT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- GS_SLOW_QUERY_INFO (Discarded)
- GS_SLOW_QUERY_HISTORY (Discarded)
- GLOBAL_SLOW_QUERY_HISTORY (Discarded)
- GLOBAL_SLOW_QUERY_INFO (Discarded)
- STATEMENT_HISTORY
-
Cache and I/O
- STATIO_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STAT_DB_CU
- GLOBAL_STAT_SESSION_CU
- Communication Library
-
Utility
- REPLICATION_STAT
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_STAT
- REPLICATION_SLOTS
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_BGWRITER_STAT
- POOLER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_COMM_CHECK_CONNECTION_STATUS
- GLOBAL_CKPT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_DOUBLE_WRITE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PAGEWRITER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_POOLER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECORD_RESET_TIME
- GLOBAL_REDO_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECOVERY_STATUS
- CLASS_VITAL_INFO
- USER_LOGIN
- SUMMARY_USER_LOGIN
- GLOBAL_GET_BGWRITER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_SINGLE_FLUSH_DW_STATUS
- GLOBAL_CANDIDATE_STATUS
- Lock
- Wait Event
- Configuration
- Operator
- Workload Manager
- Global Plan Cache
- RTO & RPO
- WDR Snapshot Schema
- GTM Mode
- Materialized View
-
GUC Parameters
- GUC Parameter Usage
- File Location
- Connection and Authentication
- Resource Consumption
- Parallel Data Import
- Write Ahead Log
- HA Replication
- Query Planning
- Error Reporting and Logging
- Alarm Detection
- Statistics During the Database Running
- Workload Management
- Automatic Vacuuming
- Default Settings of Client Connection
- Lock Management
- Version and Platform Compatibility
- Fault Tolerance
- Connection Pool Parameters
- Cluster Transaction Parameters
- Dual-Cluster Replication Parameters
- Developer Options
- Auditing
- Transaction Monitoring
- CM Parameters
- GTM Parameters
- Upgrade Parameters
- Miscellaneous Parameters
- Wait Event
- Query
- System Performance Snapshot
- Security Configuration
- HyperLogLog
- User-defined Functions
- Collaborative Analysis
- Acceleration Cluster
- Scheduled Task
- Thread Pool
- Full Text Search
- Backup and Restoration
- AI Features
- Global SysCache Parameters
- Reserved Parameters
- Error Log Reference
-
API Reference
-
JDBC Interface Reference
- java.sql.Connection
- java.sql.CallableStatement
- java.sql.DatabaseMetaData
- java.sql.Driver
- java.sql.PreparedStatement
- java.sql.ResultSet
- java.sql.ResultSetMetaData
- java.sql.Statement
- javax.sql.ConnectionPoolDataSource
- javax.sql.DataSource
- javax.sql.PooledConnection
- javax.naming.Context
- javax.naming.spi.InitialContextFactory
- CopyManager
- PGReplicationConnection
- PGReplicationStream
- ChainedStreamBuilder
- ChainedCommonStreamBuilder
- ODBC Interface Reference
- libpq Interface Reference
- Psycopg API Reference
-
JDBC Interface Reference
-
Developer Guide(Centralized_2.x)
- Overview
- Working with Databases
- Development and Design Proposal
- Best Practices
-
Application Development Guide
- Development Specifications
- Obtaining the Driver Package
-
Development Based on JDBC
- JDBC Package, Driver Class, and Environment Class
- Development Process
- Loading the Driver
- Connecting to a Database
- Connecting to the Database (Using SSL)
- Connecting to a Database (Using UDS)
- Running SQL Statements
- Processing Data in a Result Set
- Closing a Connection
- Log Management
- Examples: Common Operations
- Example: Retrying SQL Queries for Applications
- Example: Importing and Exporting Data Through Local Files
- Example: Migrating Data from MY
- Example: Logic Replication Code
- Example: Parameters for Connecting to the Database in Different Scenarios
- JDBC API Reference
- Development Based on ODBC
- Development Based on libpq
- Psycopg-based Development
- Development Based on the Go Driver
- Database Security Management
-
API Reference
-
JDBC
- java.sql.Connection
- java.sql.CallableStatement
- java.sql.DatabaseMetaData
- java.sql.Driver
- java.sql.PreparedStatement
- java.sql.ResultSet
- java.sql.ResultSetMetaData
- java.sql.Statement
- javax.sql.ConnectionPoolDataSource
- javax.sql.DataSource
- javax.sql.PooledConnection
- javax.naming.Context
- javax.naming.spi.InitialContextFactory
- CopyManager
- PGReplicationConnection
- PGReplicationStream
- ChainedStreamBuilder
- ChainedCommonStreamBuilder
-
ODBC
- SQLAllocEnv
- SQLAllocConnect
- SQLAllocHandle
- SQLAllocStmt
- SQLBindCol
- SQLBindParameter
- SQLColAttribute
- SQLConnect
- SQLDisconnect
- SQLExecDirect
- SQLExecute
- SQLFetch
- SQLFreeStmt
- SQLFreeConnect
- SQLFreeHandle
- SQLFreeEnv
- SQLPrepare
- SQLGetData
- SQLGetDiagRec
- SQLSetConnectAttr
- SQLSetEnvAttr
- SQLSetStmtAttr
- Examples
- libpq
- Psycopg
- Go
-
JDBC
- Importing Data
-
Performance Tuning
- Performance Tuning Process
- Determining the Scope of Performance Tuning
-
SQL Optimization
- Query Execution Process
- Introduction to the SQL Execution Plan
- Tuning Process
- Updating Statistics
- Reviewing and Modifying a Table Definition
- Typical SQL Optimization Methods
- Experience in Rewriting SQL Statements
- Resetting Key Parameters During SQL Tuning
-
Hint-based Tuning
- Plan Hint Optimization
- Join Order Hints
- Join Operation Hints
- Rows Hints
- Scan Operation Hints
- Sublink Name Hints
- Hint Errors, Conflicts, and Other Warnings
- Optimizer GUC Parameter Hints
- Hint for Selecting the Custom Plan or Generic Plan
- Hint Specifying Not to Expand Subqueries
- Hint Specifying Not to Use Global Plan Cache
- Hint of Parameterized Paths at the Same Level
- Hint for Materializing a Sub-plan Result
- Using the Vectorized Executor for Tuning
-
Optimization Cases
- Case: Modifying the GUC Parameter rewrite_rule
- Case: Adjusting I/O Parameters to Reduce the Log Bloat Rate
- Case: Creating an Appropriate Index
- Case: Adding NOT NULL for JOIN Columns
- Case: Modifying a Partitioned Table
- Case: Rewriting SQL and Deleting Subqueries (1)
- Case: Rewriting SQL and Deleting Subqueries (2)
- Case: Rewriting SQL Statements and Deleting in-clause
- Configuring Running Parameters
-
SQL Reference
- SQL
- Keywords
- Data Types
- Constant and Macro
-
Functions and Operators
- Logical Operators
- Comparison Operators
- Character Processing Functions and Operators
- Binary String Functions and Operators
- Bit String Functions and Operators
- Mode Matching Operators
- Mathematical Functions and Operators
- Date and Time Processing Functions and Operators
- Type Conversion Functions
- Geometric Functions and Operators
- Network Address Functions and Operators
- Text Search Functions and Operators
- JSON/JSONB Functions and Operators
- HLL Functions and Operators
- SEQUENCE Functions
- Array Functions and Operators
- Range Functions and Operators
- Aggregate Functions
- Window Functions
- Security Functions
- Ledger Database Functions
- Encrypted Equality Functions
- Set Returning Functions
- Conditional Expression Functions
- System Information Functions
-
System Administration Functions
- Configuration Settings Functions
- Universal File Access Functions
- Server Signal Functions
- Backup and Restoration Control Functions
- DR Control Functions for Dual Database Instances
- DR Query Functions for Dual-Database Instances
- Snapshot Synchronization Functions
- Database Object Functions
- Advisory Lock Functions
- Logical Replication Functions
- Segment-Page Storage Functions
- Other Functions
- Undo System Functions
- Statistics Information Functions
- Trigger Functions
- Hash Function
- Prompt Message Function
- Global Temporary Table Functions
- Fault Injection System Function
- Dynamic Data Masking Functions
- Hierarchical Recursion Query Functions
- Other System Functions
- Internal Functions
- Global SysCache Feature Functions
- Data Damage Detection and Repair Functions
- Obsolete Functions
- Expressions
- Type Conversion
- Full Text Search
- System Operation
- Controlling Transactions
- DDL Syntax Overview
- DML Syntax Overview
- DCL Syntax Overview
-
SQL Syntax
- ABORT
- ALTER AGGREGATE
- ALTER AUDIT POLICY
- ALTER DATABASE
- ALTER DATA SOURCE
- ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES
- ALTER DIRECTORY
- ALTER EXTENSION
- ALTER FOREIGN TABLE
- ALTER FUNCTION
- ALTER GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- ALTER GROUP
- ALTER INDEX
- ALTER LANGUAGE
- ALTER LARGE OBJECT
- ALTER MASKING POLICY
- ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW
- ALTER OPERATOR
- ALTER PUBLICATION
- ALTER PACKAGE
- ALTER PROCEDURE
- ALTER RESOURCE LABEL
- ALTER ROLE
- ALTER ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- ALTER SCHEMA
- ALTER SEQUENCE
- ALTER SERVER
- ALTER SESSION
- ALTER SUBSCRIPTION
- ALTER SYNONYM
- ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
- ALTER TABLE
- ALTER TABLE PARTITION
- ALTER TABLE SUBPARTITION
- ALTER TABLESPACE
- ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
- ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
- ALTER TRIGGER
- ALTER TYPE
- ALTER USER
- ALTER USER MAPPING
- ALTER VIEW
- ANALYZE | ANALYSE
- BEGIN
- CALL
- CHECKPOINT
- CLEAN CONNECTION
- CLOSE
- CLUSTER
- COMMENT
- COMMIT | END
- COMMIT PREPARED
- COPY
- CREATE AGGREGATE
- CREATE AUDIT POLICY
- CREATE CAST
- CREATE CLIENT MASTER KEY
- CREATE COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- CREATE CONVERSION
- CREATE DATABASE
- CREATE DATA SOURCE
- CREATE DIRECTORY
- CREATE EXTENSION
- CREATE FOREIGN TABLE
- CREATE FUNCTION
- CREATE GROUP
- CREATE INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE INDEX
- CREATE LANGUAGE
- CREATE MASKING POLICY
- CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW
- CREATE MODEL
- CREATE OPERATOR
- CREATE PACKAGE
- CREATE PROCEDURE
- CREATE PUBLICATION
- CREATE RESOURCE LABEL
- CREATE ROLE
- CREATE ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- CREATE RULE
- CREATE SCHEMA
- CREATE SEQUENCE
- CREATE SERVER
- CREATE SUBSCRIPTION
- CREATE SYNONYM
- CREATE TABLE
- CREATE TABLE AS
- CREATE TABLE PARTITION
- CREATE TABLESPACE
- CREATE TABLE SUBPARTITION
- CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
- CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
- CREATE TRIGGER
- CREATE TYPE
- CREATE USER
- CREATE USER MAPPING
- CREATE VIEW
- CREATE WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- CURSOR
- DEALLOCATE
- DECLARE
- DELETE
- DO
- DROP AGGREGATE
- DROP AUDIT POLICY
- DROP CAST
- DROP CLIENT MASTER KEY
- DROP COLUMN ENCRYPTION KEY
- DROP DATABASE
- DROP DATA SOURCE
- DROP DIRECTORY
- DROP EXTENSION
- DROP FOREIGN TABLE
- DROP FUNCTION
- DROP GLOBAL CONFIGURATION
- DROP GROUP
- DROP INDEX
- DROP LANGUAGE
- DROP MASKING POLICY
- DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW
- DROP MODEL
- DROP OPERATOR
- DROP OWNED
- DROP PACKAGE
- DROP PROCEDURE
- DROP RESOURCE LABEL
- DROP ROLE
- DROP ROW LEVEL SECURITY POLICY
- DROP RULE
- DROP PUBLICATION
- DROP SCHEMA
- DROP SEQUENCE
- DROP SERVER
- DROP SUBSCRIPTION
- DROP SYNONYM
- DROP TABLE
- DROP TABLESPACE
- DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION
- DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY
- DROP TRIGGER
- DROP TYPE
- DROP USER
- DROP USER MAPPING
- DROP VIEW
- DROP WEAK PASSWORD DICTIONARY
- EXECUTE
- EXPLAIN
- EXPLAIN PLAN
- FETCH
- GRANT
- INSERT
- LOCK
- MERGE INTO
- MOVE
- PREDICT BY
- PREPARE
- PREPARE TRANSACTION
- PURGE
- REASSIGN OWNED
- REFRESH INCREMENTAL MATERIALIZED VIEW
- REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW
- REINDEX
- RELEASE SAVEPOINT
- RESET
- REVOKE
- ROLLBACK
- ROLLBACK PREPARED
- ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT
- SAVEPOINT
- SELECT
- SELECT INTO
- SET
- SET CONSTRAINTS
- SET ROLE
- SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
- SET TRANSACTION
- SHOW
- SHUTDOWN
- SNAPSHOT
- START TRANSACTION
- TIMECAPSULE TABLE
- TRUNCATE
- UPDATE
- VACUUM
- VALUES
- Appendix
- Stored Procedure
-
System Catalogs and System Views
- Overview of System Catalogs and System Views
-
System Catalogs
- GS_ASP
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_ACCESS
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_FILTERS
- GS_AUDITING_POLICY_PRIVILEGES
- GS_CLIENT_GLOBAL_KEYS
- GS_CLIENT_GLOBAL_KEYS_ARGS
- GS_COLUMN_KEYS
- GS_COLUMN_KEYS_ARGS
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGE
- GS_ENCRYPTED_COLUMNS
- GS_ENCRYPTED_PROC
- GS_GLOBAL_CHAIN
- GS_GLOBAL_CONFIG
- GS_JOB_ARGUMENT
- GS_JOB_ATTRIBUTE
- GS_MASKING_POLICY
- GS_MASKING_POLICY_ACTIONS
- GS_MASKING_POLICY_FILTERS
- GS_MATVIEW
- GS_MATVIEW_DEPENDENCY
- GS_MODEL_WAREHOUSE
- GS_OPT_MODEL
- GS_PACKAGE
- GS_POLICY_LABEL
- GS_RECYCLEBIN
- GS_SQL_PATCH
- GS_TXN_SNAPSHOT
- GS_UID
- GS_WLM_EC_OPERATOR_INFO
- GS_WLM_INSTANCE_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_OPERATOR_INFO
- GS_WLM_PLAN_ENCODING_TABLE
- GS_WLM_PLAN_OPERATOR_INFO
- GS_WLM_SESSION_QUERY_INFO_ALL
- GS_WLM_USER_RESOURCE_HISTORY
- PG_AGGREGATE
- PG_AM
- PG_AMOP
- PG_AMPROC
- PG_APP_WORKLOADGROUP_MAPPING
- PG_ATTRDEF
- PG_ATTRIBUTE
- PG_AUTHID
- PG_AUTH_HISTORY
- PG_AUTH_MEMBERS
- PG_CAST
- PG_CLASS
- PG_COLLATION
- PG_CONSTRAINT
- PG_CONVERSION
- PG_DATABASE
- PG_DB_ROLE_SETTING
- PG_DEFAULT_ACL
- PG_DEPEND
- PG_DESCRIPTION
- PG_DIRECTORY
- PG_ENUM
- PG_EXTENSION
- PG_EXTENSION_DATA_SOURCE
- PG_FOREIGN_DATA_WRAPPER
- PG_FOREIGN_SERVER
- PG_FOREIGN_TABLE
- PG_HASHBUCKET
- PG_INDEX
- PG_INHERITS
- PG_JOB
- PG_JOB_PROC
- PG_LANGUAGE
- PG_LARGEOBJECT
- PG_LARGEOBJECT_METADATA
- PG_NAMESPACE
- PG_OBJECT
- PG_OBSSCANINFO
- PG_OPCLASS
- PG_OPERATOR
- PG_OPFAMILY
- PG_PARTITION
- PG_PLTEMPLATE
- PG_PROC
- PG_PUBLICATION
- PG_PUBLICATION_REL
- PG_RANGE
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN
- PG_RESOURCE_POOL
- PG_REWRITE
- PG_RLSPOLICY
- PG_SECLABEL
- PG_SHDEPEND
- PG_SHDESCRIPTION
- PG_SHSECLABEL
- PG_STATISTIC
- PG_STATISTIC_EXT
- PG_SUBSCRIPTION
- PG_SYNONYM
- PG_TABLESPACE
- PG_TRIGGER
- PG_TS_CONFIG
- PG_TS_CONFIG_MAP
- PG_TS_DICT
- PG_TS_PARSER
- PG_TS_TEMPLATE
- PG_TYPE
- PG_USER_MAPPING
- PG_USER_STATUS
- PG_WORKLOAD_GROUP
- PGXC_CLASS
- PGXC_GROUP
- PGXC_NODE
- PGXC_SLICE
- PLAN_TABLE_DATA
- STATEMENT_HISTORY
- STREAMING_STREAM
- STREAMING_CONT_QUERY
- STREAMING_REAPER_STATUS
-
System Views
- ADM_COL_COMMENTS
- ADM_CONSTRAINTS
- ADM_CONS_COLUMNS
- ADM_DATA_FILES
- ADM_HIST_SNAPSHOT
- ADM_HIST_SQL_PLAN
- ADM_HIST_SQLSTAT
- ADM_INDEXES
- ADM_IND_COLUMNS
- ADM_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- ADM_IND_PARTITIONS
- ADM_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- ADM_PART_INDEXES
- ADM_OBJECTS
- ADM_PART_TABLES
- ADM_PROCEDURES
- ADM_SCHEDULER_JOBS
- ADM_SEQUENCES
- ADM_SOURCE
- ADM_SYNONYMS
- ADM_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- ADM_TABLES
- ADM_TABLESPACES
- ADM_TAB_COLUMNS
- ADM_TAB_COMMENTS
- ADM_TAB_PARTITIONS
- ADM_TRIGGERS
- ADM_TYPE_ATTRS
- ADM_USERS
- ADM_VIEWS
- DB_ALL_TABLES
- DB_COL_COMMENTS
- DB_CONSTRAINTS
- DB_CONS_COLUMNS
- DB_DEPENDENCIES
- DB_IND_COLUMNS
- DB_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- DB_IND_PARTITIONS
- DB_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- DB_INDEXES
- DB_OBJECTS
- DB_PROCEDURES
- DB_PART_INDEXES
- DB_PART_TABLES
- DB_SEQUENCES
- DB_SOURCE
- DB_SYNONYMS
- DB_TAB_PARTITIONS
- DB_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- DB_TAB_COLUMNS
- DB_TAB_COMMENTS
- DB_TABLES
- DB_TRIGGERS
- DB_USERS
- DB_VIEWS
- DV_SESSIONS
- DV_SESSION_LONGOPS
- GET_GLOBAL_PREPARED_XACTS (Discarded)
- GS_ALL_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_AUDITING
- GS_AUDITING_ACCESS
- GS_AUDITING_PRIVILEGE
- GS_CLUSTER_RESOURCE_INFO
- GS_COMM_PROXY_THREAD_STATUS
- GS_DB_PRIVILEGES
- GS_FILE_STAT
- GS_GET_CONTROL_GROUP_INFO
- GS_GSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_INSTANCE_TIME
- GS_LABELS
- GS_LSC_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_MASKING
- GS_MATVIEWS
- GS_OS_RUN_INFO
- GS_REDO_STAT
- GS_SESSION_CPU_STATISTICS
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_SESSION_MEMORY_STATISTICS
- GS_SESSION_STAT
- GS_SESSION_TIME
- GS_SQL_COUNT
- GS_STAT_SESSION_CU
- GS_THREAD_MEMORY_CONTEXT
- GS_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_TOTAL_NODEGROUP_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GS_WLM_CGROUP_INFO
- GS_WLM_EC_OPERATOR_STATISTICS
- GS_WLM_OPERATOR_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_OPERATOR_STATISTICS
- GS_WLM_PLAN_OPERATOR_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_REBUILD_USER_RESOURCE_POOL
- GS_WLM_RESOURCE_POOL
- GS_WLM_SESSION_HISTORY
- GS_WLM_SESSION_INFO
- GS_WLM_SESSION_INFO_ALL
- GS_WLM_SESSION_STATISTICS
- GS_WLM_USER_INFO
- GS_WLM_WORKLOAD_RECORDS
- GV_SESSION
- MPP_TABLES
- MY_COL_COMMENTS
- MY_CONSTRAINTS
- MY_CONS_COLUMNS
- MY_INDEXES
- MY_IND_COLUMNS
- MY_IND_EXPRESSIONS
- MY_IND_PARTITIONS
- MY_IND_SUBPARTITIONS
- MY_JOBS
- MY_OBJECTS
- MY_PART_INDEXES
- MY_PART_TABLES
- MY_PROCEDURES
- MY_SEQUENCES
- MY_SOURCE
- MY_SYNONYMS
- MY_TAB_COLUMNS
- MY_TAB_COMMENTS
- MY_TAB_PARTITIONS
- MY_TAB_SUBPARTITIONS
- MY_TABLES
- MY_TRIGGERS
- MY_VIEWS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSION_VERSIONS
- PG_AVAILABLE_EXTENSIONS
- PG_CURSORS
- PG_COMM_DELAY
- PG_COMM_RECV_STREAM
- PG_COMM_SEND_STREAM
- PG_COMM_STATUS
- PG_CONTROL_GROUP_CONFIG
- PG_EXT_STATS
- PG_GET_INVALID_BACKENDS
- PG_GET_SENDERS_CATCHUP_TIME
- PG_GROUP
- PG_GTT_RELSTATS
- PG_GTT_STATS
- PG_GTT_ATTACHED_PIDS
- PG_INDEXES
- PG_LOCKS
- PG_NODE_ENV
- PG_OS_THREADS
- PG_PREPARED_STATEMENTS
- PG_PREPARED_XACTS
- PG_PUBLICATION_TABLES
- PG_REPLICATION_ORIGIN_STATUS
- PG_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- PG_RLSPOLICIES
- PG_ROLES
- PG_RULES
- PG_RUNNING_XACTS
- PG_SECLABELS
- PG_SESSION_IOSTAT
- PG_SESSION_WLMSTAT
- PG_SETTINGS
- PG_SHADOW
- PG_STATS
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY
- PG_STAT_ACTIVITY_NG
- PG_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- PG_STAT_BGWRITER
- PG_STAT_DATABASE
- PG_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- PG_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STAT_REPLICATION
- PG_STAT_SUBSCRIPTION
- PG_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- PG_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- PG_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- PG_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- PG_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- PG_TABLES
- PG_TDE_INFO
- PG_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PG_TIMEZONE_ABBREVS
- PG_TIMEZONE_NAMES
- PG_TOTAL_MEMORY_DETAIL
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO
- PG_TOTAL_USER_RESOURCE_INFO_OID
- PG_USER
- PG_USER_MAPPINGS
- PG_VIEWS
- PG_VARIABLE_INFO
- PG_WLM_STATISTICS
- PGXC_PREPARED_XACTS
- PGXC_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- PLAN_TABLE
- SYS_DUMMY
-
Schemas
-
DBE_PERF Schema
- OS
- Instance
- Memory
- File
-
Object
- STAT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_INDEXES
- STAT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_SYS_INDEXES
- STAT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STAT_ALL_INDEXES
- STAT_DATABASE
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE
- STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- SUMMARY_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- GLOBAL_STAT_DATABASE_CONFLICTS
- STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_ALL_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_SYS_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_TABLES
- STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_XACT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- SUMMARY_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- GLOBAL_STAT_BAD_BLOCK
- STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- SUMMARY_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- GLOBAL_STAT_USER_FUNCTIONS
- Workload
-
Session/Thread
- SESSION_STAT
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT
- SESSION_TIME
- GLOBAL_SESSION_TIME
- SESSION_MEMORY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY
- SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- GLOBAL_SESSION_MEMORY_DETAIL
- SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- GLOBAL_SESSION_STAT_ACTIVITY
- THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREAD_WAIT_STATUS
- LOCAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- GLOBAL_THREADPOOL_STATUS
- SESSION_CPU_RUNTIME
- SESSION_MEMORY_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_IOSTAT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- LOCAL_ACTIVE_SESSION
- Transaction
-
Query
- STATEMENT
- SUMMARY_STATEMENT
- STATEMENT_COUNT
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COUNT
- SUMMARY_STATEMENT_COUNT
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY_TABLE
- GLOBAL_STATEMENT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_RESPONSETIME_PERCENTILE
- STATEMENT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY_TABLE
- STATEMENT_COMPLEX_HISTORY
- STATEMENT_WLMSTAT_COMPLEX_RUNTIME
- STATEMENT_HISTORY
- GS_SLOW_QUERY_INFO (Discarded)
- GS_SLOW_QUERY_HISTORY (Discarded)
- GLOBAL_SLOW_QUERY_HISTORY (Discarded)
- GLOBAL_SLOW_QUERY_INFO (Discarded)
-
Cache/IO
- STATIO_USER_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_TABLES
- STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_INDEXES
- STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_USER_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_TABLES
- STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_INDEXES
- STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_SYS_SEQUENCES
- STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_TABLES
- STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_INDEXES
- STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- SUMMARY_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STATIO_ALL_SEQUENCES
- GLOBAL_STAT_DB_CU
- GLOBAL_STAT_SESSION_CU
-
Utility
- REPLICATION_STAT
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_STAT
- REPLICATION_SLOTS
- GLOBAL_REPLICATION_SLOTS
- BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_BGWRITER_STAT
- GLOBAL_CKPT_STATUS
- GLOBAL_DOUBLE_WRITE_STATUS
- GLOBAL_PAGEWRITER_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECORD_RESET_TIME
- GLOBAL_REDO_STATUS
- GLOBAL_RECOVERY_STATUS
- CLASS_VITAL_INFO
- USER_LOGIN
- SUMMARY_USER_LOGIN
- GLOBAL_SINGLE_FLUSH_DW_STATUS
- GLOBAL_CANDIDATE_STATUS
- Lock
- Wait Events
- Configuration
- Operator
- Workload Manager
- Global Plancache
- RTO & RPO
- WDR Snapshot Schema
-
DBE_PLDEBUGGER Schema
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.turn_on
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.turn_off
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.local_debug_server_info
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.attach
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_locals
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.next
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.continue
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.abort
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.print_var
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_code
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.step
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.add_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.delete_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.info_breakpoints
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.backtrace
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.enable_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.disable_breakpoint
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.finish
- DBE_PLDEBUGGER.set_var
- DBE_SQL_UTIL Schema
-
DBE_PERF Schema
- Logical Replication
- Materialized View
-
GUC Parameters
- GUC Parameter Usage
- File Location
- Connection and Authentication
- Resource Consumption
- Write Ahead Log
- HA Replication
- Query Planning
- Error Reporting and Logging
- Alarm Detection
- Statistics During the Database Running
- Workload Management
- Automatic Vacuuming
- Default Settings of Client Connection
- Lock Management
- Version and Platform Compatibility
- Fault Tolerance
- Connection Pool Parameters
- Transaction
- Replication Parameters of Two Database Instances
- Developer Options
- Auditing
- CM Parameters
- Upgrade Parameters
- Miscellaneous Parameters
- Wait Events
- Query
- System Performance Snapshot
- Security Configuration
- Global Temporary Table
- HyperLogLog
- User-defined Functions
- Scheduled Task
- Thread Pool
- Backup and Restoration
- Undo
- DCF Parameters Settings
- Flashback
- Rollback Parameters
- Reserved Parameters
- Global SysCache Parameters
- Error Log Reference
-
Developer Guide(Distributed_8.x)
- Tool Guide
-
Feature Guide
-
Feature Guide(Distributed_8.x)
- Materialized View
- Setting Encrypted Equality Queries
-
Partitioned Table
- Large-Capacity Database
- Introduction to Partitioned Tables
- Partitioned Table Query Optimization
- Partitioned Table O&M Management
- System Views & DFX Related to Partitioned Tables
- Storage Engine
- FDW
- Logical Replication
-
Feature Guide(Centralized_8.x)
- Materialized View
- Setting Encrypted Equality Query
-
Partitioned Table
- Large-Capacity Database
- Introduction to Partitioned Tables
- Partitioned Table Query Optimization
- Automatic Partitioning
- Partitioned Table O&M Management
- Partition Concurrency Control
- System Views & DFX Related to Partitioned Tables
- Storage Engine
- Foreign Data Wrapper
- Logical Replication
-
Feature Guide(Distributed_3.x)
- Materialized View
- Setting Encrypted Equality Queries
-
Partitioned Table
- Large-Capacity Database
- Introduction to Partitioned Tables
- Partitioned Table Query Optimization
- Partitioned Table O&M Management
- System Views & DFX Related to Partitioned Tables
- Storage Engine
- FDW
- Logical Replication
-
Feature Guide(Centralized_3.x)
- Materialized View
- Setting Encrypted Equality Query
-
Partitioned Table
- Large-Capacity Database
- Introduction to Partitioned Tables
- Partitioned Table Query Optimization
- Partitioned Table O&M Management
- Partition Concurrency Control
- System Views & DFX Related to Partitioned Tables
- Storage Engine
- Foreign Data Wrapper
- Logical Replication
-
Feature Guide(Distributed_8.x)
- Best Practices
- Performance White Paper
-
API Reference
- Before You Start
- API Overview
- Calling APIs
-
APIs (Recommended)
- DB Engine Versions and Specifications
- Storage Management
-
Instance Management
- Creating a DB Instance (v3.2)
- Creating a DB Instance (v5)
- Adding CNs and DN Shards and Scaling Up Storage
- Deleting a DB Instance
- Querying DB Instances
- Resetting a Database Password
- Changing a DB Instance Name
- Rebooting a DB Instance
- Switching Roles of the Primary and Standby DNs in Shards
- Querying the Components of a DB Instance
- Changing the vCPUs and Memory of a DB Instance
- Checking Whether Host Load Is Unbalanced Due to a Primary/Standby Switchover
- Querying Solution Template Settings
- Querying EIPs Bound to a DB Instance
- Validating Password Strength
- Binding or Unbinding an EIP
- Querying the SSL Certificate Download Address of a DB Instance
- Querying the Instance Quotas of a Tenant
- Starting a DB Instance or Node
- Stopping a DB Instance or Node
- Enabling M Compatibility Port
- Changing or Disabling M Compatibility Port
- Querying the Top I/O Threads
- Querying CNs
- Querying Storage Autoscaling Policies of a DB Instance
- Querying Advanced Features
- Enabling or Disabling Advanced Features
-
Parameter Configuration
- Obtaining Parameter Templates
- Obtaining the Parameters of a Specified DB Instance
- Modifying Parameters of a Specified DB Instance
- Creating a Parameter Template
- Deleting a Parameter Template
- Querying Details About a Parameter Template
- Replicating a Parameter Template
- Resetting a Parameter Template
- Obtaining the Differences of Two Parameter Templates
- Querying Instances That a Parameter Template Can Be Applied To
- Checking Whether the Parameter Template Name Exists
- Applying a Parameter Template
- Querying Application Records of a Parameter Template
- Querying Change History of a Parameter Template
- Version Upgrade
-
Backup and Restoration
- Configuring an Automated Backup Policy
- Querying an Automated Backup Policy
- Querying Backups
- Creating a Manual Backup
- Stopping a Backup
- Deleting a Manual Backup
- Querying the Restoration Time Range
- Restoring Data to a New instance
- Querying Instances That Can Be Used for Backups and Restorations
- Querying Information About the Original Instance Based on a Specific Point of Time or a Backup File
- Restoring Data to the Original or Existing Instance
- Confirming Data Integrity After a Backup Is Restored
- Log Management
- SQL Throttling
-
Database and Account Management
- Creating a Database
- Creating a Database Account
- Creating a Database Schema
- Configuring Permissions of Database Accounts
- Resetting a Password for a Database Account
- Querying Databases
- Querying Database Users
- Querying Database Schemas
- Deleting a Database
- Deleting a Schema
- Creating a Database Role
- Querying Database Roles
- Configuring Permissions of a Database Role
- Tag Management
- Quota Management
- Task Management
- Recycle Bin
- Plug-in Management
- Historical APIs
- Permissions Policies and Supported Actions
- Appendix
- SDK Reference
-
FAQs
-
About GaussDB
- What Should I Pay Attention to When Using GaussDB?
- What Is the Availability of GaussDB Instances?
- Will My GaussDB Instances Be Affected by Other Users' Instances?
- What Can I Do About Slow Responses of Websites When They Use GaussDB?
- Can Multiple ECSs Connect to the Same GaussDB Instance?
- Can I Encrypt the Disk After Purchasing a GaussDB Instance?
- Will Backups Be Encrypted After Disk Encryption Is Enabled for My GaussDB Instance?
- Will Different GaussDB Instances Share CPU and Memory Resources?
- How Many Databases Can Run on a GaussDB Instance?
- What Is the Relationship Between GaussDB and PostgreSQL?
- Can Multiple Users Log In to a GaussDB Instance Through DAS at the Same Time? Will the Accounts Be Locked If I Enter Wrong Passwords Several Times in a Row?
- What Are the Differences Between the Independent Deployment Model and Combined Deployment Model of GaussDB Distributed Instances?
- What Are the Differences Between the General-Purpose, Dedicated, and Kunpeng Dedicated Specification Types Provided GaussDB?
- Can I Switch Between the GaussDB Enterprise Edition and Basic Edition?
- GaussDB Resource Freezing, Unfreezing, Release, Deletion, and Unsubscription
- Resource and Disk Management
-
Database Connections
- What Should I Do If I Can't Connect to My GaussDB Instance?
- Can an External Server Access GaussDB Instances?
- Do Applications Need to Support Automatic Reconnections to GaussDB Databases?
- Why Can't I Ping My EIP After It Is Bound to a GaussDB Instance?
- Can I Access a GaussDB Instance Over an Intranet Connection Across Regions?
- Database Storage
-
Database Usage
- How Do I Use DAS to Query SQL Statements Executed in GaussDB?
- What Should I Do If Garbled Characters Are Displayed After SQL Query Results Are Exported to an Excel File for My GaussDB Instance?
- What Do I Do If the root Account of My GaussDB Instance Is Locked?
- Why Did the New Password Not Take Effect After I Reset the Administrator Password of a GaussDB Instance?
- What Do I Do If Replay Speed of Standby DNs Cannot Catch Up with Write Speed of Primary DN?
- Can I Change the VPC to Which My GaussDB Instance Belongs?
-
Backup and Restoration
- How Long Does GaussDB Store Backup Data?
- How Do I Clear GaussDB Backup Space?
- Can My GaussDB Instance Still Be Used in the Backup Window?
- How Is GaussDB Backup Data Billed?
- How Can I Back Up a GaussDB Database to an ECS?
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- How Do I Set the Disk Usage Threshold for Putting a Database Node into Read-Only Mode in GaussDB?
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Using DRS to Migrate Data from Oracle Database to GaussDB
Scenarios
This section describes how to use real-time synchronization of DRS to migrate data from an on-premises Oracle database to Huawei Cloud GaussDB in real time. Full+incremental synchronization can ensure that data is always in sync between the source Oracle database and the destination GaussDB instance. Full synchronization is used to synchronize data. Incremental synchronization is used to synchronize data between the source and destination databases in real time.
Step 1: Create a VPC and Security Group
Step 2: Create a GaussDB Instance
Step 3: Construct Data Before Migration
Problems to Resolve
- Enterprise workloads have been growing and evolving fast, and traditional databases lack the scalability needed to keep up. Enterprises need distributed databases.
- Building a traditional database means purchasing and installing servers, systems, databases, and other software. The O&M is expensive and difficult.
- Traditional databases have poor performance when it comes to handling complex queries.
- It is hard for traditional databases to smoothly synchronize data with no downtime.
Prerequisites
- You have registered with Huawei Cloud and completed account authentication.
- Your account balance is greater than or equal to $0 USD.
- In a testing scenario, you have set up an on-premises Oracle database.
- You have obtained the IP address, port number, username, and password of the Oracle database to be migrated.
Service Architecture
How Data Migration Works
The data migration process is completed using full and incremental synchronization, which includes the following operations:
- In the full synchronization phase, schemas, including tables, primary keys, and unique keys, are synchronized first.
- After schemas are synchronized, incremental data extraction is started to ensure that the incremental data generated during full data synchronization is completely extracted to the DRS instance.
- A full migration task is started.
- An incremental synchronization is automatically started after the full migration is complete. The replay starts from the position where the full synchronization starts.
- A comparison task is started after the incremental replay is complete to check the data consistency. Real-time comparison is supported.
- Workloads synchronization is started if the data is consistent between the source and destination databases.
Resource Planning
The resource planning in this section is just an example. You need to adjust it as needed.
Category |
Item |
Planned Value |
Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
VPC |
VPC name |
vpc-src-172 |
Specify a name that is easy to identify. |
Region |
Test region |
To achieve lower network latency, select the region nearest to you. |
|
AZ |
AZ 3 |
- |
|
Subnet CIDR block |
172.16.0.0/16 |
Select a subnet with sufficient network resources. |
|
Subnet name |
subnet-src-172 |
Specify a name that is easy to identify. |
|
On-premises Oracle database |
Name |
orcl |
Specify a name that is easy to identify. |
Specifications |
16 vCPUs | 32 GB |
- |
|
Database version |
11.2.0.1 |
- |
|
Database user |
test_info |
Specify a username. The user must have the following permissions during migration: CREATE SESSION, SELECT ANY TRANSACTION, SELECT ANY TABLE, SELECT ANY DICTIONARY, and EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE. |
|
GaussDB |
Instance name |
Auto-drs-gaussdbv5-tar-1 |
Specify a name that is easy to identify. |
Database version |
GaussDB V2.0-8.103 Enterprise edition |
- |
|
Instance type |
Distributed (3 CNs, 3 DN shards, and 3 replicas) |
In this example, a distributed instance will be created. |
|
Deployment model |
Independent |
- |
|
Transaction consistency |
Strong consistency |
- |
|
Shards |
3 |
- |
|
Coordinator nodes |
3 |
- |
|
Storage type |
Ultra-high I/O |
- |
|
AZ |
AZ 2 |
In this example, a single AZ is select. You are advised to select multiple AZs to improve instance availability in actual use. |
|
Instance Specifications |
Dedicated (1:8); 8 vCPUs | 64 GB |
Small specifications are selected for this test instance. You are advised to configure specifications based on service requirements in actual use. |
|
Storage space |
480 GB |
A small storage space is selected for this test instance. You are advised to configure the storage space based on service requirements in actual use. |
|
Disk encryption |
Disable |
In this example, disk encryption is disabled. Enabling disk encryption improves the security of data, but may slightly affect the database read/write performance. |
|
Logging in to the database through DAS |
Database engine |
GaussDB |
- |
Database source |
GaussDB |
Select the GaussDB instance created in this example. |
|
Database name |
postgres |
- |
|
Username |
root |
- |
|
Password |
- |
Enter the password of the root user of the GaussDB instance created in this example. |
|
DRS migration task |
Migration task name |
DRS-test-info |
Specify a name that is easy to identify. |
Destination database name |
test_database_info |
Specify a name that is easy to identify. The name must be compatible with the Oracle database name. |
|
Source database engine |
Oracle |
- |
|
Destination database engine |
GaussDB |
- |
|
Network type |
Public network |
In this example, a public network is used. |
- Log in to the Huawei Cloud console.
- Click in the upper left corner and select a region.
- Click the service list icon on the left and choose Networking > Virtual Private Cloud. The VPC console is displayed.
- Click Create VPC.
Figure 2 Basic information
Figure 3 Setting a subnet
- Configure parameters as needed and click Create Now.
- Return to the VPC list and check whether the VPC is created.
If the VPC status becomes available, the VPC has been created.
- Log in to the Huawei Cloud console.
- Click in the upper left corner and select a region.
- Click the service list icon on the left and choose Networking > Virtual Private Cloud.
The VPC console is displayed.
- In the navigation pane, choose Access Control > Security Groups.
- Click Create Security Group.
- Specify a security group name and other information.
Figure 4 Basic information
- Click the Inbound Rules tab and then click Add Rule.
- Configure an inbound rule, add the IP address of the source database, and click OK.
Figure 5 Configuring an inbound rule
- Configure parameters as needed and click Create Now.
Step 2: Create a GaussDB Instance
Create a GaussDB instance as the destination database of the migration task.
- Log in to the Huawei Cloud console.
- Click in the upper left corner and select a region.
- Click the service list icon on the left and choose Databases > GaussDB.
- In the navigation pane on the left, choose GaussDB > Instances.
- Click Buy DB Instance.
- On the page shown in Figure 6, configure basic information about the instance, including the instance name, billing mode, edition type, DB engine version, instance type, transaction consistency, number of shards, number of coordinator nodes, and deployment AZ.
- Select the instance specifications and storage space.
Figure 7 Instance specifications
- Select the VPC created in Creating a VPC and security group created in Creating a Security Group for the instance and configure the database port.
Figure 8 Selecting a VPC and security group
- Configure the password and other information.
Figure 9 Configuring the password and other information
- Click Next, confirm the information, and click Submit.
- Go to the instance list.
If status of the instance becomes Available, the instance has been created.
Step 3: Construct Data Before Migration
Before the migration, prepare some data types in the source database for verification after the migration is complete. The end-to-end test data in this section is for reference only.
The following table lists data types supported by DRS.
Source Data Type |
Destination Data Type |
Sync (Source Data Type as Primary Key) |
Sync (Source Data Type as Non-Primary Key) |
Comparison (Source Data Type as Primary Key) |
Comparison (Source Data Type as Non-Primary Key) |
Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CHAR |
character |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported. The spaces before and after a character are ignored. |
Supported. The spaces before and after a character are ignored. |
- |
VARCHAR |
character varying |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
The precision ranges of the source and destination databases are different, causing precision loss. |
VARCHAR2 |
character varying |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
NCHAR |
character |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported. The spaces before and after a character are ignored. |
Supported. The spaces before and after a character are ignored. |
- |
NVARCHAR2 |
nvarchar2 |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
NUMBER |
numeric |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
NUMBER (6,3) |
numeric(6,3) |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
NUMBER (6,0) |
Integer |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
NUMBER (3) |
smallint |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
NUMBER (6,-2) |
integer |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
BINARY_FLOAT |
real |
Not supported (The destination database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Supported |
The precision ranges of the source and destination databases are different, causing precision loss. |
BINARY_DOUBLE |
double precision |
Not supported (The destination database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Supported |
- |
FLOAT |
real |
Not supported (The destination database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Supported |
The precision ranges of the source and destination databases are different, causing precision loss. |
INT |
numeric |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
INTEGER |
numeric |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
DATE |
date |
Supported |
Supported |
Not supported |
Supported |
If a table with the date type is created in the destination database, the data type precision range in the source database is different from that in the destination database, causing precision loss. Therefore, comparison is not supported. |
TIMESTAMP |
timestamp(6) without time zone |
Supported |
Supported |
Not supported |
The value is accurate to six decimal places. |
Restrictions on the source database: The maximum precision supported by the source database is 6. |
TIMESTAMP_TZ |
timestamp(6) with time zone |
Not supported (The source database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Filter out this column. |
- |
TIMESTAMP_LTZ |
timestamp(6) with time zone |
Not supported (The destination database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Filter out this column. |
- |
INTERVAL_YM |
interval year to month |
Supported |
Supported |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Incremental synchronization does not support this type. |
INTERVAL_DS |
interval day to second |
Supported |
Supported |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Incremental synchronization does not support this type. Restrictions on the source database: The maximum precision supported by the source database is 6. |
BLOB |
bytea |
Not supported (The source database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Filter out this column. |
- |
CLOB |
text |
Not supported (The source database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Filter out this column. |
- |
NCLOB |
text |
Not supported (The source database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Filter out this column. |
- |
LONG |
text |
Not supported (The source database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Filter out this column. |
- |
LONG_RAW |
bytea |
Not supported (The source database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Filter out this column. |
- |
RAW |
bytea |
Not supported (The destination database does not support creating tables using the primary key.) |
Supported |
Not supported |
Supported |
- |
RowID |
character varying(18) |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
BFILE |
- |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Restrictions on the source database: The BFILE type is not supported. |
XMLTYPE |
- |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Restrictions on the source database: The XMLTYPE type is not supported. |
UROWID |
- |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Full and incremental synchronizations are not supported. |
sdo_geometry |
- |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Not supported |
Restrictions on the source database: The sdo_geometry type is not supported. |
NUMBER(*, 0) |
numeric |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
Supported |
- |
Perform the following steps to construct data in the source database:
- Use a database connection tool to connect to the source Oracle database based on its IP address.
- Construct data in the source database based on data types supported by DRS.
- Create a test user.
create user test_info identified by xxx;
test_info indicates the user created for the migration, and xxx indicates the password of the user.
- Assign permissions to the user.
- Create a data table for the user.
CREATE TABLE test_info.DATATYPELIST(
ID INT,
COL_01_CHAR______E CHAR(100),
COL_02_NCHAR_____E NCHAR(100),
COL_03_VARCHAR___E VARCHAR(1000),
COL_04_VARCHAR2__E VARCHAR2(1000),
COL_05_NVARCHAR2_E NVARCHAR2(1000),
COL_06_NUMBER____E NUMBER(38,0),
COL_07_FLOAT_____E FLOAT(126),
COL_08_BFLOAT____E BINARY_FLOAT,
COL_09_BDOUBLE___E BINARY_DOUBLE,
COL_10_DATE______E DATE DEFAULT SYSTIMESTAMP,
COL_11_TS________E TIMESTAMP(6),
COL_12_TSTZ______E TIMESTAMP(6) WITH TIME ZONE,
COL_13_TSLTZ_____E TIMESTAMP(6) WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE,
COL_14_CLOB______E CLOB DEFAULT EMPTY_CLOB(),
COL_15_BLOB______E BLOB DEFAULT EMPTY_BLOB(),
COL_16_NCLOB_____E NCLOB DEFAULT EMPTY_CLOB(),
COL_17_RAW_______E RAW(1000),
COL_19_LONGRAW___E LONG RAW,
COL_24_ROWID_____E ROWID,
PRIMARY KEY(ID)
);
- Insert two rows of data.
insert into test_info.DATATYPELIST values(4,'huawei','xian','shanxi','zhongguo','shijie', 666,12.321,1.123,2.123,sysdate,sysdate,sysdate,sysdate,'hw','cb','df','FF','FF','AAAYEVAAJAAAACrAAA');
insert into test_info.DATATYPELIST values(2,'Migrate-test','test1','test2','test3','test4', 666,12.321,1.123,2.123,sysdate,sysdate,sysdate,sysdate,'hw','cb','df','FF','FF','AAAYEVAAJAAAACrAAA');
- Commit the changes to the database.
- Create a test user.
- Create a database in the destination GaussDB instance.
- Log in to the Huawei Cloud console.
- Click in the upper left corner and select a region.
- Click the service list icon on the left and choose Databases > Data Admin Service.
- In the navigation pane on the left, choose Development Tool to go to the login list page.
- Click Add Login.
- On the displayed page, select the DB engine, source database, and target instance, enter the login username, password, and description (optional), and enable Show Executed SQL Statements.
- Click Test Connection to check whether the connection is successful.
If a message is displayed indicating the connection is successful, continue with the operation. If a message is displayed indicating the connection failed and the failure cause is provided, make modifications according to the error message.
- Click OK.
- Locate the added record and click Log In in the Operation column.
Figure 10 Logging in to an instance
- Choose SQL Operations > SQL Window on the top menu bar.
- Run the following statement to create an Oracle-compatible database:
Step 4: Migrating the Database
Create a DRS instance and migrate data from the test_info database in the on-premises Oracle database to the test_database_info database in the GaussDB instance.
Performing a Pre-migration Check
Before creating a migration task, check the migration conditions to ensure smooth migration.
Before the migration, you need to obtain the notes on migration to the cloud.
Creating a Migration Task
- Log in to the Huawei Cloud console.
- Click in the upper left corner and select a region.
Select the region where the destination instance is deployed.
- Click the service list icon on the left and choose Databases > Data Replication Service.
- In the navigation pane on the left, choose Data Synchronization Management. On the displayed page, click Create Synchronization Task.
- Configure synchronization instance information.
- Select a region, billing mode, and project, and enter a task name.
- Configure synchronization instance details. Specifically, specify Data Flow, Source DB Engine, Destination DB Engine, Network Type, DRS Task Type, Destination DB Instance, Synchronization Instance Subnet, Synchronization Mode, Specify EIP (mandatory when Network Type is set to Public Network), Specifications, AZ, Enterprise Project, and Tags (optional).
- Click Create Now.
- Configure the source and destination database information.
- Configure DNS Server as required. Specify connection information about the source database, including the IP address, port, username, and password.
Click Test Connection.
- Enter the username and password of the destination database.
- Click Next. In the displayed box, read the message carefully and click Agree.
- Configure DNS Server as required. Specify connection information about the source database, including the IP address, port, username, and password.
- Configure the synchronization task.
- Select the databases and tables of the source database to be migrated. In this example, select the DATATYPELIST table from the test_info database.
- Locate the database and table, respectively, and click Edit to change the database name and table name as needed.
- On the displayed dialog box, enter a new name, for example, DATATYPELIST_After.
The name cannot include special characters. Otherwise, an error will be reported during SQL statement execution after the migration.
- Confirm the settings and click Next.
- Select the databases and tables of the source database to be migrated. In this example, select the DATATYPELIST table from the test_info database.
- Confirm advanced settings.
The information on the Advanced Settings page is for confirmation only and cannot be modified. After confirming the information, click Next.
- Process data.
On this page, you can process the table to be migrated. For example, you can select the column to be migrated and change its name. In this example, change the column name COL_01_CHAR______E to new-line.
- Click Edit next to the table to be processed.
- Edit the COL_01_CHAR______E column.
- Enter the new name new-line and click Confirm.
- Click Next.
- Click Edit next to the table to be processed.
- Perform a pre-check.
- Confirm the task.
- After the task is submitted, view and manage it.
After the task is created, return to the task list to view the status of the created task.
Step 5: Verify Data After Migration
When the task status changes to Incremental, the full synchronization is complete. You can log in to GaussDB and view the data migration result.
- Wait until the migration task status becomes Incremental.
- Click the task name to go to the Basic Information page.
- On the Synchronization Progress page, view the full synchronization result.
As shown in the following figure, the DATATYPELIST table in the TEST_INFO database has been migrated to shard_0. Two rows of data were migrated successfully.
- Verify data consistency.
- Choose Synchronization Comparison > Object-Level Comparison to view the database and table migration results.
- Choose Synchronization Comparison > Data-Level Comparison, click Create Comparison Task, and view the migration results of the rows in the table.
- Choose Synchronization Comparison > Object-Level Comparison to view the database and table migration results.
- Connect to the test_database_info database in GaussDB using DAS.
- Run the following statement to query the full synchronization result:
SELECT * FROM test_info.datatypelist_after;
After the schema in Oracle is migrated, it will be used as the schema in GaussDB. Therefore, it is required to add the schema in the query statement for exact query.
As shown in the following figure, all data types in the table were successfully migrated and the data is correct.
- Verify incremental synchronization.
In full+incremental synchronization, after the full synchronization is complete, the data that is written to the source database after the task is created can still be synchronized to the destination database until the task is stopped. The following describes how to synchronize incremental data from the source database to the destination database:
- Use a database connection tool to connect to the source Oracle database based on its IP address.
- Run the following statement to insert a data record into the source database:
- Run the following statement in the destination database to query the result:
SELECT * FROM test_info.datatypelist_after;
As shown in the following figure, the new data inserted in the source database has been synchronized to the destination database in real time.
- Stop the migration task.
- After the migration is complete, test the GaussDB performance.
For details, see Performance White Paper.
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