Using a Secret

Configuring Environment Variables of a Workload

Using the CCE console

1. Log in to the CCE console and click the cluster name to access the cluster console.
2. In the navigation pane, choose Workloads. In the dialog box displayed, click Create Workload in the upper right corner.

   When creating a workload, click Environment Variables in the Container Settings area, and click Add Variable.

   • Added from secret: Select a secret and import all keys in the secret as environment variables.

     

   • Added from secret key: Import the value of a key in a secret as the value of an environment variable.
     • Variable Name: name of an environment variable in the workload. The name can be customized and is set to the key name selected in the secret by default.
     • Variable Value/Reference: Select a secret and the key to be imported. The corresponding value is imported as a workload environment variable.

     For example, after you import the value of username in secret mysecret as the value of workload environment variable username, an environment variable named username exists in the container.

     

3. Set other workload parameters and click Create Workload.

   After the workload runs properly, log in to the container and run the following statement to check whether the secret has been set as an environment variable of the workload:

   printenv username

   If the output is the same as the content in the secret, the secret has been set as an environment variable of the workload.

Using kubectl

1. Use kubectl to connect to the cluster. For details, see Connecting to a Cluster Using kubectl.
2. Create a file named nginx-secret.yaml and edit it.

   vi nginx-secret.yaml

   Content of the YAML file:

   • Added from secret: To add all data in a secret to environment variables, use the envFrom parameter. The keys in the secret will become names of environment variables in a workload.

     apiVersion: apps/v1
     kind: Deployment
     metadata:
       name: nginx-secret
     spec:
       replicas: 1
       selector:
         matchLabels:
           app: nginx-secret
       template:
         metadata:
           labels:
             app: nginx-secret
         spec:
           containers:
           - name: container-1
             image: nginx:latest
             envFrom:                 # Use envFrom to specify a secret to be referenced by environment variables.
             - secretRef:
                 name: mysecret       # Name of the referenced secret.
           imagePullSecrets:
           - name: default-secret

   • Added from secret key: When creating a workload, you can use a secret to set environment variables and use the valueFrom parameter to reference the key-value pair in the secret separately.

     apiVersion: apps/v1
     kind: Deployment
     metadata:
       name: nginx-secret
     spec:
       replicas: 1
       selector:
         matchLabels:
           app: nginx-secret
       template:
         metadata:
           labels:
             app: nginx-secret
         spec:
           containers:
           - name: container-1
             image: nginx:latest
             env:                             # Set the environment variable in the workload.
             - name: SECRET_USERNAME           # Name of the environment variable in the workload.
               valueFrom:                    # Use valueFrom to specify a secret to be referenced by environment variables.
                 secretKeyRef:
                   name: mysecret       # Name of the referenced secret.
                   key: username        # Key in the referenced secret.
             - name: SECRET_PASSWORD            # Add multiple environment variables to import them at the same time.
               valueFrom:
                 secretKeyRef:
                   name: mysecret
                   key: password
           imagePullSecrets:
           - name: default-secret

3. Create a workload.

   kubectl apply -f nginx-secret.yaml

4. View the environment variables in the pod.
   1. Run the following command to view the created pod:

      kubectl get pod | grep nginx-secret

      Expected output:

      nginx-secret-***   1/1     Running   0              2m18s

   2. Run the following command to view the environment variables in the pod:

      kubectl exec nginx-secret-*** -- printenv SPECIAL_USERNAME SPECIAL_PASSWORD

      If the output is the same as the content in the secret, the secret has been set as an environment variable of the workload.

Configuring the Data Volume of a Workload

You can mount a secret as a volume to the specified container path. Contents in a secret are user-defined. Before that, create a secret. For details, see Creating a Secret.

Using the CCE console

1. Log in to the CCE console and click the cluster name to access the cluster console.
2. In the navigation pane on the left, click Workloads. In the right pane, click the Deployments tab. Click Create Workload in the upper right corner.

   When creating a workload, click Data Storage in the Container Settings area. Click Add Volume and select Secret from the drop-down list.

3. Select parameters for mounting a secret volume, as shown in Table 1.

   Table 1 Mounting a secret volume

   Parameter	Description
   Secret	Select the desired secret. A secret must be created beforehand. For details, see Creating a Secret.
   Mount Path	Enter a mount point. After the secret volume is mounted, a secret file with the key as the file name and value as the file content is generated in the mount path of the container. This parameter indicates the container path to which a data volume will be mounted. Do not mount the volume to a system directory such as / or /var/run. This may cause container errors. Mount the volume to an empty directory. If the directory is not empty, ensure that there are no files that affect container startup. Otherwise, the files will be replaced, which leads to a container startup failure or workload creation failure. NOTICE: If the container is mounted to a high-risk directory, use an account with minimum permissions to start the container. Otherwise, high-risk files on the host may be damaged.
   Subpath	Enter a subpath of the mount path. A subpath is used to mount a local volume so that the same data volume is used in a single pod. If this parameter is left blank, the root path is used by default. The subpath can be the key and value of a ConfigMap or secret. If the subpath is a key-value pair that does not exist, the data import does not take effect. The data imported by specifying a subpath will not be updated along with the ConfigMap/secret updates.
   Permission	Read-only, indicating that data volume in the path is read-only.

   Figure 1 Mounting a secret to a workload data volume
   

4. After the configuration, click Create Workload.

   After the workload runs properly, the username and password files will be generated in the /etc/foo directory in this example. The contents of the files are secret values.

   Access the container and run the following statement to view the username or password file in the container:

   cat /etc/foo/username

   The expected output is the same as the content in the secret.

Using kubectl

1. Use kubectl to connect to the cluster. For details, see Connecting to a Cluster Using kubectl.
2. Create a file named nginx-secret.yaml and edit it.

   vi nginx-secret.yaml

   In the following example, the username and password in the mysecret secret are saved in the /etc/foo directory as files.

   apiVersion: apps/v1
   kind: Deployment
   metadata:
     name: nginx-secret
   spec:
     replicas: 1
     selector:
       matchLabels:
         app: nginx-secret
     template:
       metadata:
         labels:
           app: nginx-secret
       spec:
         containers:
         - name: container-1
           image: nginx:latest
           volumeMounts:
          - name: foo
            mountPath: /etc/foo          # Mount to the /etc/foo directory.
            readOnly: true
       volumes:
       - name: foo
         secret:
           secretName: mysecret      # Name of the referenced secret.

   You can also use the items field to control the mapping path of secret keys. For example, store username in the /etc/foo/my-group/my-username directory in the container.

   

   • If you use the items field to specify the mapping path of the secret keys, the keys that are not specified will not be created as files. For example, if the password key in the following example is not specified, the file will not be created.
   • If you want to use all keys in a secret, you must list all keys in the items field.
   • All keys listed in the items field must exist in the corresponding secret. Otherwise, the volume is not created.

   apiVersion: apps/v1
   kind: Deployment
   metadata:
     name: nginx-secret
   spec:
     replicas: 1
     selector:
       matchLabels:
         app: nginx-secret
     template:
       metadata:
         labels:
           app: nginx-secret
       spec:
         containers:
         - name: container-1
           image: nginx:latest
           volumeMounts:
          - name: foo
            mountPath: /etc/foo          # Mount to the /etc/foo directory.
            readOnly: true
       volumes:
       - name: foo
         secret:
           secretName: mysecret      # Name of the referenced secret.
           items:
           - key: username      # Name of the referenced key.
             path: my-group/my-username    # Mapping path of the secret key

3. Create a workload.

   kubectl apply -f nginx-secret.yaml

4. After the workload runs properly, the username and password files are generated in the /etc/foo directory.
   1. Run the following command to view the created pod:

      kubectl get pod | grep nginx-secret

      Expected output:

      nginx-secret-***   1/1     Running   0              2m18s

   2. Run the following command to view the username or password file in the pod:

      kubectl exec nginx-secret-*** -- cat /etc/foo/username

      The expected output is the same as the content in the secret.