Dumping the Database Audit Logs

GaussDB(DWS) records information (audit logs) about connections and user activities in your database. The audit logs help you monitor the database to ensure security, rectify faults, and locate historical operation records. GaussDB(DWS) audit logs are stored in the database by default. You can dump the audit logs to OBS so that users who monitor database activities can view the logs.

• This function cannot be used if OBS is not available.
• Data may during cluster specifications change, CN addition, or CN deletion. You are advised to disable audit log dump during these operations.
• If a CN node is faulty, data on the CN node may be lost.
• After audit log dumping is enabled, audit logs will be dumped if the size of saved audit logs exceeds 1 GB. This may cause abnormal query results. Exercise caution when performing this operation.
• Version support for the audit log dump directory partition is as follows:
  • For 8.1.3.x clusters, only 8.1.3.322 and later versions support this feature. For 8.2.0.x clusters, only 8.2.0.106 and later versions support this feature. By default, the audit log dump directory partition is enabled and cannot be disabled.
  • To use this feature in earlier versions, contact technical support to upgrade your cluster first. Manually enable this feature after the upgrade.

1. Log in to the GaussDB(DWS) console.
2. In the navigation pane on the left, choose Clusters > Dedicated Clusters.
3. In the cluster list, click the name of the target cluster for which you want to view the log dump history. In the navigation pane, choose Security.
4. In the Audit Settings area, click View Dump Record.
5. In the Audit Log Dump Records dialog box, click View OBS Bucket. The OBS console page is displayed.
6. Select the OBS bucket and folder where the logs are stored to view the log files.

   You can download and decompress the files to view. The fields of audit log files are described as follows:

   Table 1 Log file fields

   Field	Type	Description
   begintime	timestamp with time zone	Operation start time
   endtime	timestamp with time zone	Operation end time
   operation_type	text	Operation type. For details, see Table 2.
   audit_type	text	Audit type. For details, see Table 3.
   result	text	Operation result
   username	text	Name of the user who performs the operation
   database	text	Database name
   client_conninfo	text	Client connection information, that is, gsql, JDBC, or ODBC.
   object_name	text	Object name
   command_text	text	Command used to perform the operation
   detail_info	text	Operation details
   transaction_xid	text	Transaction ID
   query_id	text	Query ID
   node_name	text	Node name
   thread_id	text	Thread ID
   local_port	text	Local port
   remote_port	text	Remote port

   Table 2 Operation types

   Operation Type	Description
   audit_switch	Indicates that the operations of enabling and disabling the audit log function are audited.
   login_logout	Indicates that user login and log-out operations are audited.
   system	Indicates that the system startup, shutdown, and instance switchover operations are audited.
   sql_parse	Indicates that SQL statement parsing operations are audited.
   user_lock	Indicates that user locking and unlocking operations are audited.
   grant_revoke	Indicates that user permission granting and revoking operations are audited.
   violation	Indicates that user's access violation operations are audited.
   ddl	Indicates that DDL operations are audited. DDL operations are controlled at a fine granularity based on operation objects. Therefore, audit_system_object is used to control the objects whose DDL operations are to be audited. (The audit function takes effect as long as audit_system_object is configured, no matter whether ddl is set.)
   dml	Indicates that the DML operations are audited.
   select	Indicates that the SELECT operations are audited.
   internal_event	Indicates that internal incident operations are audited.
   user_func	Indicates that operations related to user-defined functions, stored procedures, and anonymous blocks are audited.
   special_func	Indicates that special function invoking operations are audited. Special functions include pg_terminate_backend and pg_cancel_backend.
   copy	Indicates that the COPY operations are audited.
   set	Indicates that the SET operations are audited.
   transaction	Indicates that transaction operations are audited.
   vacuum	Indicates that the VACUUM operations are audited.
   analyze	Indicates that the ANALYZE operations are audited.
   cursor	Indicates that cursor operations are audited.
   anonymous_block	Indicates that the anonymous block operations are audited.
   explain	Indicates that the EXPLAIN operations are audited.
   show	Indicates that the SHOW operations are audited.
   lock_table	Indicates that table lock operations are audited.
   comment	Indicates that the COMMENT operations are audited.
   preparestmt	Indicates that the PREPARE, EXECUTE, and DEALLOCATE operations are audited.
   cluster	Indicates that the CLUSTER operations are audited.
   constraints	Indicates that the CONSTRAINTS operations are audited.
   checkpoint	Indicates that the CHECKPOINT operations are audited.
   barrier	Indicates that the BARRIER operations are audited.
   cleanconn	Indicates that the CLEAN CONNECTION operations are audited.
   seclabel	Indicates that security label operations are audited.
   notify	Indicates that the notification operations are audited.
   load	Indicates that the loading operations are audited.

   Table 3 audit_type parameters

   Parameter	Description
   audit_open/audit_close	Indicates that the audit type is operations enabling or disabling audit logs.
   user_login/user_logout	Indicates that the audit type is operations and users with successful login/logout.
   system_start/system_stop/system_recover/system_switch	Indicates that the audit type is system startup, shutdown, and instance switchover.
   sql_wait/sql_parse	Indicates that the audit type is SQL statement parsing.
   lock_user/unlock_user	Indicates that the audit type is successful user locking and unlocking.
   grant_role/revoke__role	Indicates that the audit type is user permission granting and revoking.
   user_violation	Indicates that the audit type is unauthorized user access operations.
   ddl_database_object	Indicates that successful DDL operations are audited. DDL operations are controlled at a fine granularity based on operation objects. So, audit_system_object is used to control the objects whose DDL operations are to be audited. (The audit function takes effect as long as audit_system_object is configured, no matter whether ddl is set.) For example, ddl_sequence indicates that the audit type is sequence-related operations.
   dml_action_insert/dml_action_delete/dml_action_update/dml_action_merge/dml_action_select	Indicates that the audit type is DML operations such as INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE, and MERGE.
   internal_event	Indicates that the audit type is internal events.
   user_func	Indicates that the audit type is user-defined functions, stored procedures, or anonymous block operations.
   special_func	Indicates that the audit type is special function invocation. Special functions include pg_terminate_backend and pg_cancel_backend.
   copy_to/copy_from	Indicates that the audit type is COPY operations.
   set_parameter	Indicates that the audit type is SET operations.
   trans_begin/trans_commit/trans_prepare/trans_rollback_to/trans_release/trans_savepoint/trans_commit_prepare/trans_rollback_prepare/trans_rollback	Indicates that the audit type is transaction-related operations.
   vacuum/vacuum_full/vacuum_merge	Indicates that the audit type is VACUUM operations.
   analyze/analyze_verify	Indicates that the audit type is ANALYZE operations.
   cursor_declare/cursor_move/cursor_fetch/cursor_close	Indicates that the audit type is cursor-related operations.
   codeblock_execute	Indicates that the audit type is anonymous blocks.
   explain	Indicates that the audit type is EXPLAIN operations.
   show	Indicates that the audit type is SHOW operations.
   lock_table	Indicates that the audit type is table locking operations.
   comment	Indicates that the audit type is COMMENT operations.
   prepare/execute/deallocate	Indicates that the audit type is PREPARE, EXECUTE, or DEALLOCATE operations.
   cluster	Indicates that the audit type is CLUSTER operations.
   constraints	Indicates that the audit type is CONSTRAINTS operations.
   checkpoint	Indicates that the audit type is CHECKPOINT operations.
   barrier	Indicates that the audit type is BARRIER operations.
   cleanconn	Indicates that the audit type is CLEAN CONNECTION operations.
   seclabel	Indicates that the audit type is security label operations.
   notify	Indicates that the audit type is notification operations.
   load	Indicates that the audit type is loading operations.