Keywords

The SQL contains reserved words and non-reserved words. Standards require that reserved keywords not be used as other identifiers. Non-reserved keywords have special meanings only in a specific environment and can be used as identifiers in other environments.

Currently, the non-reserved keywords have the following restrictions when being used as the identifier of a database object:
1. They cannot be directly used as a column alias. That is, usage similar to SELECT 1 ABORT may cause errors.
2. Keywords ENTITYESCAPING, NOENTITYESCAPING, and WELLFORMED cannot be used as identifiers of table names, column names, table aliases, or column aliases, regardless of whether they are enclosed with double quotation marks. In addition, they cannot be used as function names without double quotation marks.
3. The RAW keyword without double quotation marks cannot be used as the identifier of a table name or function name.
4. The SET keyword cannot be used as the identifier of a table alias. That is, usages such as SELECT * FROM T1 SET and SELECT * FROM T1 AS "SET" may cause errors.
5. Keywords such as BEGIN, BY, CLOSE, CURSOR, DECLARE, DELETE, EXECUTE, FUNCTION, IF, IMMEDIATE, INSERT, LOOP, MOVE, OF, REF, RELEASE, RETURN, SAVEPOINT, STRICT, TYPE, and UPDATE without double quotation marks cannot be used as variable names.
6. When the sys_refcursor keyword is used as the database object name, double quotation marks are not allowed. For example, when a table is created, "sys_refcursor" cannot be used as the table name, but sys_refcursor can.
Similar to the non-reserved keywords, the non-reserved (cannot be a function or type) keywords cannot be directly used as column aliases, either.
The reserved keyword CURRENT_TIMESTAMP with double quotation marks cannot be used as a function name.

Identifier Naming Conventions

The naming rules for identifiers are as follows:

An identifier name can only contain letters, digits, underscores (_), and dollar signs ($).
An identifier name must start with a letter or an underscore (_).
- The naming rules are recommended but not mandatory.
- In special cases, double quotation marks (") can be used to avoid special character errors.

SQL Keywords

**Table 1** SQL keywords
Keyword	GaussDB	SQL:1999	SQL-92
ABORT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ABS	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ABSOLUTE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ACCESS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ACCOUNT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ACTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ADA	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
ADD	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ADMIN	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
AFTER	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
AGGREGATE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
ALGORITHM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ALIAS	N/A	Reserved	N/A
ALL	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ALLOCATE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
ALSO	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ALTER	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ALWAYS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ANALYSE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
ANALYZE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
AND	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ANY	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
APP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
APPEND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ARCHIVE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ARE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
ARRAY	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
AS	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ASC	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ASENSITIVE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ASSERTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ASSIGNMENT	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
ASYMMETRIC	Reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
AT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ATOMIC	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ATTRIBUTE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AUDIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AUTHID	Reserved	N/A	N/A
AUTHORIZATION	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
AUTOEXTEND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AUTOMAPPED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AVG	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
BACKWARD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BARRIER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BEFORE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
BEGIN	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
BEGIN_NON_ANOYBLOCK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BETWEEN	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
BIGINT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
BINARY	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	N/A
BINARY_DOUBLE	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
BINARY_INTEGER	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
BIT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
BITVAR	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
BIT_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
BLANKS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BLOB	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
BLOCKCHAIN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BODY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BOOLEAN	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	N/A
BOTH	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
BUCKETCNT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
BUCKETS	Reserved	N/A	N/A
BREADTH	N/A	Reserved	N/A
BY	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
BYTEAWITHOUTORDER	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
BYTEAWITHOUTORDERWITHEQUAL	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
C	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CACHE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CALL	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
CALLED	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
CANCELABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CARDINALITY	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
CASCADE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CASCADED	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CASE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CAST	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CATALOG	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CATALOG_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CHAIN	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
CHAR	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
CHARACTER	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
CHARACTERISTICS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CHARACTERSET	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CHARACTER_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CHARACTER_SET_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CHAR_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
CHECK	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CHECKED	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
CHECKPOINT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CLASS	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
CLEAN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CLASS_ORIGIN	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CLIENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CLIENT_MASTER_KEY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CLIENT_MASTER_KEYS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CLOB	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
CLOSE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CLUSTER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COALESCE	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
COBOL	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COLLATE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
COLLATION	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
COLLATION_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COLLATION_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COLLATION_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COLUMN	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
COLUMN_ENCRYPTION_KEY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COLUMN_ENCRYPTION_KEYS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COLUMN_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COMMAND_FUNCTION	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
COMMENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMMENTS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMMIT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
COMMITTED	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COMPACT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMPATIBLE_ILLEGAL_CHARS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMPLETE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMPRESS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMPLETION	N/A	Reserved	N/A
CONCURRENTLY	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
CONDITION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONDITION_NUMBER	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CONFIGURATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONNECT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CONNECTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CONSTANT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONNECTION_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CONSTRAINT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CONSTRAINTS	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CONSTRAINT_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CONSTRAINT_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CONSTRUCTOR	N/A	Reserved	N/A
CONTAINS	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
CONTENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONTINUE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CONTVIEW	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONVERSION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONVERT	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
COORDINATOR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COORDINATORS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COPY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CORRESPONDING	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
COST	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COUNT	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
CREATE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CROSS	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
CSN	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
CSV	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CUBE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
CURRENT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURRENT_CATALOG	Reserved	N/A	N/A
CURRENT_DATE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURRENT_PATH	N/A	Reserved	N/A
CURRENT_ROLE	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
CURRENT_SCHEMA	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
CURRENT_TIME	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURRENT_USER	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURSOR	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURSOR_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CYCLE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
DATA	Non-reserved	Reserved	Non-reserved
DATABASE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATAFILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATANODE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATANODES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATATYPE_CL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATE	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
DATE_FORMAT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
DAY	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DBCOMPATIBILITY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DEALLOCATE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DEC	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
DECIMAL	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
DECLARE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DECODE	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
DEFAULT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DEFAULTS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DEFERRABLE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DEFERRED	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DEFINED	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
DEFINER	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
DELETE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DELIMITER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DELIMITERS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DELTA	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DELTAMERGE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
DEPTH	N/A	Reserved	N/A
DEREF	N/A	Reserved	N/A
DESC	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DESCRIBE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
DESCRIPTOR	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
DESTROY	N/A	Reserved	N/A
DESTRUCTOR	N/A	Reserved	N/A
DETERMINISTIC	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
DIAGNOSTICS	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
DICTIONARY	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
DIRECT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DIRECTORY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISCARD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISCONNECT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DISPATCH	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
DISTINCT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DISTRIBUTE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISTRIBUTION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DO	Reserved	N/A	N/A
DOCUMENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DOMAIN	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DOUBLE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DROP	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DUPLICATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DYNAMIC	N/A	Reserved	N/A
DYNAMIC_FUNCTION	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
EACH	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
ELASTIC	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ELSE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ENABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCLOSED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCODING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCRYPTED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCRYPTED_VALUE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCRYPTION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCRYPTION_TYPE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
END	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
END-EXEC	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
ENFORCED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENUM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EOL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ERRORS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EQUALS	N/A	Reserved	N/A
ESCAPE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ESCAPING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EVERY	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
EXCEPT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
EXCEPTION	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
EXCHANGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXCLUDE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXCLUDED	Reserved	N/A	N/A
EXCLUDING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXCLUSIVE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXEC	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
EXECUTE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
EXISTING	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
EXISTS	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
EXPIRED_P	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXPLAIN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXTENSION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXTERNAL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
EXTRACT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
FALSE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FAMILY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FAST	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FEATURES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FENCED	Reserved	N/A	N/A
FETCH	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FIELDS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FILEHEADER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FILL_MISSING_FIELDS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FILLER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FILTER	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FINAL	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
FIRST	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FIXED	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FLOAT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
FOLLOWING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FOR	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FORCE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FOREIGN	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FORMATTER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FORTRAN	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
FORWARD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FOUND	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
FREE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
FREEZE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
FROM	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FULL	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
FUNCTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
FUNCTIONS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
G	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
GENERAL	N/A	Reserved	N/A
GENERATED	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
GET	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
GLOBAL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
GO	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
GOTO	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
GRANT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
GRANTED	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
GREATEST	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
GROUP	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
GROUPING	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	N/A
GROUPPARENT	Reserved	N/A	N/A
HANDLER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
HAVING	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
HDFSDIRECTORY	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
HEADER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
HIERARCHY	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
HOLD	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
HOST	N/A	Reserved	N/A
HOUR	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
IDENTIFIED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IDENTITY	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
IF	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IGNORE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
IGNORE_EXTRA_DATA	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ILIKE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
IMMEDIATE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
IMMUTABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IMPLEMENTATION	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
IMPLICIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IN	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INCLUDE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INCLUDING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INCREMENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INCREMENTAL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INDEX	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INDEXES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INDICATOR	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
INFILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INFIX	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
INHERIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INHERITS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INITIAL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INITIALIZE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
INITIALLY	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INITRANS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INLINE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INNER	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
INOUT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	N/A
INPUT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INSENSITIVE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Reserved
INSERT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INSTANCE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
INSTANTIABLE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
INSTEAD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
INTEGER	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
INTERNAL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INTERSECT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INTERVAL	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
INTO	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INVOKER	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
IP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IS	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ISNULL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ISOLATION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ITERATE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
JOIN	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
K	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
KEY	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
KEY_PATH	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
KEY_MEMBER	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
KEY_STORE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
KEY_TYPE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
KILL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LABEL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LANGUAGE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
LARGE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
LAST	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
LATERAL	N/A	Reserved	N/A
LC_COLLATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LC_CTYPE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LEADING	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
LEAKPROOF	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LEAST	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
LEFT	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
LESS	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
LEVEL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
LIKE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
LIMIT	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
LIST	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LISTEN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOAD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOCAL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
LOCALTIME	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
LOCALTIMESTAMP	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
LOCATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOCATOR	N/A	Reserved	N/A
LOCK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOG	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOGGING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOGIN_ANY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOGIN_FAILURE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOGIN_SUCCESS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOGOUT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOOP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOWER	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
M	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
MAP	N/A	Reserved	N/A
MAPPING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MASKING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MASTER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MATCH	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
MATCHED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MATERIALIZED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MAX	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
MAXEXTENTS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MAXSIZE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MAXTRANS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MAXVALUE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
MERGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MESSAGE_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
MESSAGE_TEXT	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
METHOD	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
MIN	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
MINEXTENTS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MINUS	Reserved	N/A	N/A
MINUTE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
MINVALUE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MOD	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
MODE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MODEL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MODIFIES	N/A	Reserved	N/A
MODIFY	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
MODULE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
MONTH	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
MORE	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
MOVE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MOVEMENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MUMPS	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
NAME	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
NAMES	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
NATIONAL	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
NATURAL	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
NCHAR	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
NCLOB	N/A	Reserved	N/A
NEW	N/A	Reserved	N/A
NEXT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
NO	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
NOCOMPRESS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOCYCLE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
NODE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOLOGGING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOMAXVALUE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOMINVALUE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NONE	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	N/A
NOT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
NOTHING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOTIFY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOTNULL	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
NOWAIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NULL	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
NULLABLE	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
NULLIF	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
NULLS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NULLCOLS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NUMBER	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
NUMERIC	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
NUMSTR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NVARCHAR2	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
NVL	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
OBJECT	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
OCTET_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
OF	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
OFF	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
OFFSET	Reserved	N/A	N/A
OIDS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OLD	N/A	Reserved	N/A
ON	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ONLY	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
OPEN	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
OPERATION	N/A	Reserved	N/A
OPERATOR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OPTIMIZATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OPTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
OPTIONALLY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OPTIONS	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
OR	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ORDER	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ORDINALITY	N/A	Reserved	N/A
OUT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	N/A
OUTER	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
OUTPUT	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
OVER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OVERLAPS	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Non-reserved	Reserved
OVERLAY	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Non-reserved	N/A
OVERRIDING	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
OWNED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OWNER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PACKAGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PACKAGES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PAD	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
PARAMETER	N/A	Reserved	N/A
PARAMETERS	N/A	Reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_MODE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARSER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PARTIAL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PARTITION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PARTITIONS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PASCAL	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
PASSING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PASSWORD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PATH	N/A	Reserved	N/A
PCTFREE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PERCENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PERFORMANCE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
PERM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PLACING	Reserved	N/A	N/A
PLAN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PLANS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
POLICY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PLI	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
POOL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
POSITION	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
POSTFIX	N/A	Reserved	N/A
PRECEDING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PRECISION	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
PREDICT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PREFERRED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PREFIX	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
PREORDER	N/A	Reserved	N/A
PREPARE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PREPARED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PRESERVE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PRIMARY	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PRIOR	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PRIORER	Reserved	N/A	N/A
PRIVATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PRIVILEGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PRIVILEGES	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PROCEDURAL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PROCEDURE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PROFILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PUBLIC	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
PUBLICATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PUBLISH	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PURGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
QUERY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
QUOTE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RANDOMIZED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RANGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RATIO	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RAW	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
READ	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
READS	N/A	Reserved	N/A
REAL	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
REASSIGN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REBUILD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RECHECK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RECURSIVE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
RECYCLEBIN	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
REDISANYVALUE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REF	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
REFERENCES	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
REFERENCING	N/A	Reserved	N/A
REFRESH	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REINDEX	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REJECT	Reserved	N/A	N/A
RELATIVE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
RELEASE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RELOPTIONS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REMOTE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REMOVE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RENAME	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REPEATABLE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
REPLACE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REPLICA	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESET	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESIZE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESOURCE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESTART	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESTRICT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
RESULT	N/A	Reserved	N/A
RETURN	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
RETURNED_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
RETURNED_SQLSTATE	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
RETURNING	Reserved	N/A	N/A
RETURNS	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
REUSE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REVOKE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
RIGHT	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
ROLE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
ROLES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ROLLBACK	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ROLLUP	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
ROTATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ROUTINE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
ROUTINE_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ROUTINE_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ROUTINE_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ROW	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	N/A
ROWNUM	Reserved	N/A	N/A
ROWS	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ROWTYPE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ROW_COUNT	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
RULE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SAMPLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SAVEPOINT	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
SCALE	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
SCHEMA	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SCHEMA_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
SCOPE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
SCROLL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SEARCH	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
SECOND	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SECTION	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
SECURITY	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
SELECT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SELF	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
SENSITIVE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
SEQUENCE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
SEQUENCES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SERIALIZABLE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
SERVER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SERVER_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
SESSION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SESSION_USER	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SET	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SETOF	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
SETS	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
SHARE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SHIPPABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SHOW	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SHUTDOWN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SIBLINGS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SIMILAR	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Non-reserved	N/A
SIMPLE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
SIZE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SKIP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SLICE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SMALLDATETIME	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
SMALLDATETIME_FORMAT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SMALLINT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
SNAPSHOT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SOME	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SOURCE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
SPACE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Reserved
SPECIFIC	N/A	Reserved	N/A
SPECIFICTYPE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
SPECIFIC_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
SPILL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SPLIT	Reserved	N/A	N/A
SQL	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
SQLCODE	N/A	N/A	Reserved
SQLERROR	N/A	N/A	Reserved
SQLEXCEPTION	N/A	Reserved	N/A
SQLSTATE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
SQLWARNING	N/A	Reserved	N/A
STABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STANDALONE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
START	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
STATE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
STATEMENT	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
STATEMENT_ID	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STATIC	N/A	Reserved	N/A
STATISTICS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STDIN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STDOUT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STORAGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STORE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STORED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STRATIFY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STREAM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STRICT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STRIP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SUBPARTITION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SUBSCRIPTION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STRUCTURE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
STYLE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
SUBCLASS_ORIGIN	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
SUBLIST	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
SUBSTRING	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
SUM	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
SYMMETRIC	Reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
SYNONYM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SYS_REFCURSOR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SYSDATE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
SYSID	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SYSTEM	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
SYSTEM_USER	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
TABLE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TABLES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TABLESAMPLE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
TABLESPACE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TABLE_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
TARGET	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TEMP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TEMPLATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TEMPORARY	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TERMINATE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
TERMINATED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TEXT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
THAN	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
THEN	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TIME	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
TIME_FORMAT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TIMECAPSULE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
TIMESTAMP	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TIMESTAMPDIFF	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
TIMEZONE_HOUR	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
TIMEZONE_MINUTE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
TINYINT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
TO	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TRAILING	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TRANSACTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRANSACTION_ACTIVE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRANSFORM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TRANSFORMS	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRANSLATE	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
TRANSLATION	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
TREAT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	N/A
TRIGGER	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
TRIGGER_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRIGGER_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRIGGER_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRIM	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
TRUE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TRUNCATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TRUSTED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TSFIELD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TSTAG	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TSTIME	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TYPE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
TYPES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UESCAPE	N/A	N/A	N/A
UNBOUNDED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNCOMMITTED	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
UNDER	N/A	Reserved	N/A
UNENCRYPTED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNION	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
UNIQUE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
UNKNOWN	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
UNLIMITED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNLISTEN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNLOCK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNLOGGED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNNAMED	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
UNNEST	N/A	Reserved	N/A
UNTIL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNUSABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UPDATE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
USEEOF	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UPPER	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
USAGE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
USER	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
USING	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
VACUUM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VALID	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VALIDATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VALIDATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VALIDATOR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VALUE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
VALUES	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
VARCHAR	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	Reserved	Reserved
VARCHAR2	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
VARIABLE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
VARIABLES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VARIADIC	Reserved	N/A	N/A
VARYING	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
VCGROUP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VERBOSE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
VERIFY	Reserved	N/A	N/A
VERSION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VIEW	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
VOLATILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WAIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WEAK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WHEN	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
WHENEVER	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
WHERE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
WHITESPACE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WINDOW	Reserved	N/A	N/A
WITH	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
WITHIN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WITHOUT	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
WORK	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
WORKLOAD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WRAPPER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WRITE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
XML	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
XMLATTRIBUTES	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
XMLCONCAT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
XMLELEMENT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
XMLEXISTS	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
XMLFOREST	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
XMLPARSE	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
XMLPI	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
XMLROOT	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
XMLSERIALIZE	Non-reserved (excluding functions and types)	N/A	N/A
YEAR	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
YES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ZONE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved