Enabling Separation of Duties for GaussDB(DWS) Database Users

Scenario

By default, the administrator specified when you create a GaussDB(DWS) cluster is the database system administrator. The administrator can create other users and view the audit logs of the database. That is, separation of permissions is disabled.

To ensure cluster data security, GaussDB(DWS) supports separation of duties for clusters. Different types of users have different permissions.

For details about the default permissions mode and the separation of permissions mode, see Separation of Permissions in the Data Warehouse Service (DWS) Developer Guide.

Impact on the System

• After you modified the security parameters and the modifications take effect, the cluster may be restarted, which makes the cluster unavailable temporarily.
• When a DWS 3.0 cluster is created, a logical cluster is created by default. After the separation of duties is enabled, only the system administrator has the permission to create, modify, delete, and allocate logical clusters. Accessing a logical cluster requires permissions.

Prerequisites

To modify the cluster's security configuration, ensure that the following conditions are met:

• The cluster status is Available or Unbalanced.
• The target cluster should not be undergoing any node additions, specification changes, configurations, upgrades, redistribution operations, or restarts.

Procedure

1. Log in to the GaussDB(DWS) console.
2. In the navigation pane on the left, choose Clusters > Dedicated Clusters.
3. In the cluster list, click the name of a cluster. On the page that is displayed, click Security Settings.

   By default, Configuration Status is Synchronized, which indicates that the latest database result is displayed.

4. On the Security Settings page, configure separation of permissions.
   When separation of permissions is enabled, configure the username and password for Security Administrator and Audit Administrator. Then the system automatically creates these two users. You can use these two users to connect to the database and perform database-related operations. By default, this function is disabled.

   Table 1 Security parameters

   Parameter	Description	Example Value
   Security Administrator	The username must meet the following requirements: Consists of lowercase letters, digits, or underscores. Starts with a lowercase letter or an underscore. Contains 6 to 64 characters. Cannot be a keyword of the GaussDB(DWS) database. For details about the keywords of the GaussDB(DWS) database, see Keyword in the Data Warehouse Service (DWS) Developer Guide.	security_admin
   Password	The password complexity requirements are as follows: Contain 12 to 32 characters. Cannot be the username or the username spelled backwards. Contains at least three of the following character types: uppercase letters, lowercase letters, digits, and special characters (~!?,.:;_(){}[]/<>@#%^&*+|\\=-) Perform the weak password check on the passwords that you have created.	-
   Confirm Password	Enter the password of the security administrator again.	-
   Audit Administrator	The username must meet the following requirements: Consists of lowercase letters, digits, or underscores. Starts with a lowercase letter or an underscore. Contains 6 to 64 characters. Cannot be a keyword of the GaussDB(DWS) database. For details about the keywords of the GaussDB(DWS) database, see Keyword in the Data Warehouse Service (DWS) Developer Guide.	audit_admin
   Password	The password complexity requirements are as follows: Contain 12 to 32 characters. Cannot be the username or the username spelled backwards. Must contain at least 3 of the following character types: uppercase letters, lowercase letters, digits, and special characters ~!@#%^&*()-_=+|[{}];:,<.>/? Passes the weak password check.	-
   Confirm Password	Enter the password of the audit administrator again.	-

5. Click Apply.
6. In the displayed Save Configuration dialog box, select or deselect Restart the cluster and click Yes.
   • If you select Restart the cluster, the system saves the settings on the Security Settings page and restarts the cluster immediately. After the cluster is restarted, the security settings take effect immediately.
   • If you do not select Restart the cluster, the system only saves the settings on the Security Settings page. Later, you need to manually restart the cluster for the security settings to take effect.

   After the security settings are complete, Configuration Status can be one of the following on the Security Settings page:

   • Applying: The system is saving the settings.
   • Synchronized: The settings have been saved and taken effect.
   • Take effect after restart: The settings have been saved but have not taken effect. Restart the cluster for the settings to take effect.