批量修改LTS日志文件转储时区

使用场景

当用户创建了1000条日志转储的OBS规则，但转储时文件时区全部选择(UTC) 协调世界时间，现在需要根据实际情况修改为(UTC+08:00) 北京。目前LTS控制台没有提供批量修改功能，如果手动修改每条转储规则，会导致人工耗时非常长。

前提条件

1. Linux系统的主机。
2. 查询API相关接口文档。
   • 通过查询日志转储API获取到所有转储任务的信息。
   • 通过更新日志转储API将转储任务配置的时区修改。
3. 在API Explorer中测试API功能，API Explorer提供API检索及平台调试能力。
4. 参考API Explorer示例代码，在主机上安装Python SDK。
   • Python的SDK依赖包地址以及SDK使用说明。

     pip install huaweicloudsdklts
   • API Explore提供Python调用API的示例代码，以下示例仅供参考：

     # coding: utf-8
     import os
     from huaweicloudsdkcore.auth.credentials import BasicCredentials
     from huaweicloudsdklts.v2.region.lts_region import LtsRegion
     from huaweicloudsdkcore.exceptions import exceptions
     from huaweicloudsdklts.v2 import *
     if __name__ == "__main__":
         # The AK and SK used for authentication are hard-coded or stored in plaintext, which has great security risks. It is recommended that the AK and SK be stored in ciphertext in configuration files or environment variables and decrypted during use to ensure security.
         # In this example, AK and SK are stored in environment variables for authentication. Before running this example, set environment variables CLOUD_SDK_AK and CLOUD_SDK_SK in the local environment
     /* 认证用的ak和sk硬编码到代码中或者明文存储都有很大的安全风险, 建议在配置文件或者环境变量中密文存放, 使用时解密, 确保安全;
         ak = os.environ["CLOUD_SDK_AK"]
         sk = os.environ["CLOUD_SDK_SK"]
         credentials = BasicCredentials(ak, sk)
         client = LtsClient.new_builder() \
             .with_credentials(credentials) \
             .with_region(LtsRegion.value_of("xx")) \
             .build()
         try:
             request = ListTransfersRequest()
             response = client.list_transfers(request)
             print(response)
         except exceptions.ClientRequestException as e:
             print(e.status_code)
             print(e.request_id)
             print(e.error_code)
             print(e.error_msg)

批量修改LTS日志文件转储时区

1. 获取参数，并将实际值替换到代码中。
   • 如何获取访问密钥AK/SK
   • 获取项目ID（project id），详细步骤请参考API凭证。
     图1 获取Project_ID
     
   • 请参考地区和终端节点获取Region&iam_Endpoint。

     表1 Endpoint表

     区域名称	区域	终端节点（Endpoint）	协议类型
     亚太-曼谷	ap-southeast-2	lts.ap-southeast-2.myhuaweicloud.com	HTTPS
     亚太-新加坡	ap-southeast-3	lts.ap-southeast-3.myhuaweicloud.com	HTTPS
     中国-香港	ap-southeast-1	lts.ap-southeast-1.myhuaweicloud.com	HTTPS

   • 获取时区和时区ID。

     表2 常用时区表

     时区	时区ID
     UTC-12:00	Etc/GMT+12
     UTC-11:00	Etc/GMT+11
     UTC-10:00	Pacific/Honolulu
     UTC-09:00	America/Anchorage
     UTC-08:00	America/Santa_Isabel
     UTC-07:00	America/Chihuahua
     UTC-06:00	America/Chicago
     UTC-05:00	America/New_York
     UTC-04:00	America/Santiago
     UTC-03:00	America/Sao_Paulo
     UTC-02:00	Etc/GMT+2
     UTC-01:00	Atlantic/Azoresjavik
     UTC+00:00	Europe/London
     UTC+01:00	Europe/Parist
     UTC+02:00	Europe/Istanbul
     UTC+03:00	Europe/Minsk
     UTC+04:00	Europe/Moscow
     UTC+05:00	Asia/Tashkent
     UTC+06:00	Asia/Almaty
     UTC+07:00	Asia/Bangkok
     UTC+08:00	Asia/Shanghai
     UTC+09:00	Asia/Tokyo
     UTC+10:00	Asia/Yakutsk
     UTC+11:00	Asia/Vladivostok
     UTC+12:00	Pacific/Fiji
     UTC+13:00	Pacific/Apia

2. 在主机上执行如下命令确认是否已安装huaweicloudsdkcore和huaweicloudsdklts包。

   pip list | grep huaweicloudsdk
   • 如果已安装，执行结果会返回huaweicloudsdk相关信息。如果没有安装，则不会返回任何内容。
   • 若未安装在主机上请执行如下操作进行安装：

     pip install huaweicloudsdkcore huaweicloudsdklts

3. 在主机上执行“vi lts_python.py”新建lts_python.py文件，将如下代码复制到该文件中，用于实现批量修改OBS转储文件时区。

   # coding: utf-8
   
   from huaweicloudsdkcore.auth.credentials import BasicCredentials
   from huaweicloudsdkcore.exceptions import exceptions
   from huaweicloudsdklts.v2 import *
   from huaweicloudsdklts.v2.region.lts_region import LtsRegion
   /* 认证用的ak和sk硬编码到代码中或者明文存储都有很大的安全风险, 建议在配置文件或者环境变量中密文存放, 使用时解密, 确保安全;
   if __name__ == "__main__":
   AK = "your ak"
   SK = "your sk"
   PROJECT_ID = "your project id"
   REGION = "your region"
   IAM_ENDPOINT = "iam_endpoint"
   
   OBS_TIME_ZONE = "the time_zone you want to change"
   OBS_TIME_ZONE_ID = "time_zone_id"
   
   credentials = BasicCredentials(AK, SK, PROJECT_ID).with_iam_endpoint(IAM_ENDPOINT)
   
   client = LtsClient.new_builder() \
       .with_credentials(credentials) \
       .with_region(LtsRegion.value_of(REGION)) \
       .build()
   
   # 1.get obs transfer task
   try:
       request = ListTransfersRequest()
       request.log_transfer_type = "OBS"
       response = client.list_transfers(request)
       obs_transfer_num = len(response.log_transfers)
       task_list = response.log_transfers
       print("#### get {} obs transfer task ####".format(obs_transfer_num))
   except exceptions.ClientRequestException as e:
       print(e.status_code)
       print(e.request_id)
       print(e.error_code)
       print(e.error_msg)
   
   # 2.set obs transfer task obs_time_zone to UTC+08:00
   CNT = 1
   while len(task_list):
       transfer_task = task_list.pop()
       print("There are still {} progress: \n".format(len(task_list)), transfer_task)
       try:
           if transfer_task.log_transfer_info.log_transfer_detail.obs_time_zone == OBS_TIME_ZONE:
               CNT += 1
               continue
           request = UpdateTransferRequest()
           transfer_task.log_transfer_info.log_transfer_detail.obs_time_zone = OBS_TIME_ZONE
           transfer_task.log_transfer_info.log_transfer_detail.obs_time_zone_id = OBS_TIME_ZONE_ID
           request.body = UpdateTransferRequestBody(
               log_transfer_info=transfer_task.log_transfer_info,
               log_transfer_id=transfer_task.log_transfer_id
           )
           response = client.update_transfer(request)
           CNT += 1
       except exceptions.ClientRequestException as e:
           print(e.status_code)
           print(e.request_id)
           print(e.error_code)
           print(e.error_msg)
           task_list.append(transfer_task)
       except exceptions.ServerResponseException as e:
           print({
               "target": transfer_task.log_streams,
               "reason": e
           })
           task_list.append(transfer_task)

4. 在主机上执行Python脚本，批量修改OBS转储文件时区。

   nohup python lts_python.py > lts_python.log &

5. 查看执行日志确认Python脚本运行成功，文件时区已修改。

   tail -f lts_python.log
   图2 查看执行日志