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Help Center/ GaussDB(DWS)/ SQL Syntax Reference/ SQL Syntax Reference (8.1.3.x)/ Functions and Operators/ Mathematical Functions and Operators/ Numeric Operation Functions

Numeric Operation Functions

Updated on 2024-09-03 GMT+08:00

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abs(x)

Description: Absolute value

Return type: same as the input

Example:

    
       SELECT abs(-17.4);
 abs
------
 17.4
(1 row)

acos(x)

Description: Arc cosine

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT acos(-1);
       acos       
------------------
 3.14159265358979
(1 row)

asin(x)

Description: Arc sine

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT asin(0.5);
       asin       
------------------
 .523598775598299
(1 row)

atan(x)

Description: Arc tangent

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT atan(1);
       atan       
------------------
 .785398163397448
(1 row)

atan2(y, x)

Description: Arc tangent of y/x

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT atan2(2, 1);
      atan2
------------------
 1.10714871779409
(1 row)

bitand(integer, integer)

Description: Performs AND (&) operation on two integers.

Return type: bigint

Example:

    
       SELECT bitand(127, 63);
 bitand 
--------
     63
(1 row)

cbrt(double precision)

Description: Cubic root

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT cbrt(27.0);
 cbrt
------
    3
(1 row)

ceil(double precision or numeric)

Description: Minimum integer greater than or equal to the parameter

Return type: same as the input

Example:

    
       SELECT ceil(-42.8);
 ceil 
------
  -42
(1 row)

ceiling(double precision or numeric)

Description: Minimum integer (alias of ceil) greater than or equal to the parameter

Return type: same as the input

Example:

    
       SELECT ceiling(-95.3);
 ceiling
---------
     -95
(1 row)

cos(x)

Description: Cosine

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT cos(-3.1415927);
        cos        
-------------------
 -.999999999999999
(1 row)

cot(x)

Description: Cotangent

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT cot(1);
       cot
------------------
 .642092615934331
(1 row)

degrees(double precision)

Description: Converts radians to angles.

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT degrees(0.5);
     degrees
------------------
 28.6478897565412
(1 row)

div(y numeric, x numeric)

Description: Integer part of y/x

Return type: numeric

Example:

    
       SELECT div(9,4);
 div
-----
   2
(1 row)

exp(double precision or numeric)

Description: Natural exponent

Return type: same as the input

Example:

    
       SELECT exp(1.0);
        exp         
--------------------
 2.7182818284590452
(1 row)

floor(double precision or numeric)

Description: Not larger than the maximum integer of the parameter

Return type: same as the input

Example:

    
       SELECT floor(-42.8);
 floor 
-------
   -43
(1 row)

radians(double precision)

Description: Converts angles to radians.

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT radians(45.0);
     radians
------------------
 .785398163397448
(1 row)

random()

Description: Random number between 0.0 and 1.0

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT random();
      random
------------------
 .824823560658842
(1 row)

ln(double precision or numeric)

Description: Natural logarithm

Return type: same as the input

Example:

    
       SELECT ln(2.0);
        ln         
-------------------
 .6931471805599453
(1 row)

log(double precision or numeric)

Description: Logarithm with 10 as the base

In the ORA- or TD-compatible mode, this operator means the logarithm with 10 as the base.
In the MySQL-compatible mode, this operator means the natural logarithm.

Return type: same as the input

Example:

    
     
       
       -- ORA-compatible mode
SELECT log(100.0);
        log         
--------------------
 2.0000000000000000
(1 row)
-- TD-compatible mode
SELECT log(100.0);
        log
--------------------
 2.0000000000000000
(1 row)
-- MySQL-compatible mode
SELECT log(100.0);
        log
--------------------
 4.6051701859880914
(1 row)

      

    
   

log(b numeric, x numeric)

Description: Logarithm with b as the base

Return type: numeric

Example:

    
       SELECT log(2.0, 64.0);
        log         
--------------------
 6.0000000000000000
(1 row)

mod(x,y)

Description: Remainder of x/y (modulus) If x equals to 0, 0 is returned. If y is 0, x is returned.

Return type: same as the parameter type

Example:

    
       SELECT mod(9,4);
 mod 
-----
   1
(1 row)

    
       SELECT mod(9,0);
 mod 
-----
   9
(1 row)

pi()

Description: π constant value

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT pi();
        pi
------------------
 3.14159265358979
(1 row)

power(a double precision, b double precision)

Description: b power of a

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT power(9.0, 3.0);
        power         
----------------------
 729.0000000000000000
(1 row)

round(double precision or numeric)

Description: Integer closest to the input parameter

Return type: same as the input

Example:

    
       SELECT round(42.4);
 round 
-------
    42
(1 row)

SELECT round(42.6);
 round 
-------
    43
(1 row)

NOTE:

When the round function is invoked, the numeric type is rounded to zero. While on most computers, the real number and the double-precision number are rounded to the nearest even number.

round(v numeric, s int)

Description: s digits are kept after the decimal point.

Return type: numeric

Example:

    
       SELECT round(42.4382, 2);
 round
-------
 42.44
(1 row)

setseed(double precision)

Description: Sets seed for the following random() invoking (between -1.0 and 1.0, inclusive).

Return type: void

Example:

    
       SELECT setseed(0.54823);
 setseed
---------

(1 row)

sign(double precision or numeric)

Description: returns symbols of this parameter.

The return value type:-1 indicates negative. 0 indicates 0, and 1 indicates a positive number.

Example:

    
       SELECT sign(-8.4);
 sign 
------
   -1
(1 row)

sin(x)

Description: Sine

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT sin(1.57079);
       sin        
------------------
 .999999999979986
(1 row)

sqrt(x)

Description: Square root

Return type: same as the input

Example:

    
       SELECT sqrt(2.0);
       sqrt        
-------------------
 1.414213562373095
(1 row)

tan(x)

Description: Tangent

Return type: double precision

Example:

    
       SELECT tan(20);
       tan        
------------------
 2.23716094422474
(1 row)

trunc(double precision or numeric)

Description: truncates (the integral part).

Return type: same as the input

Example:

    
       SELECT trunc(42.8);
 trunc 
-------
    42
(1 row)

trunc(v numeric, s int)

Description: Truncates a number with s digits after the decimal point.

Return type: numeric

Example:

    
       SELECT trunc(42.4382, 2);
 trunc
-------
 42.43
(1 row)

width_bucket(operand numeric, b1 numeric, b2 numeric, count int)

Description: Sets the minimum value, maximum value, and number of groups in a group range, constructs a specified number of groups with the same size, and returns the ID of the group to which a specified field value belongs. b1 is the minimum value of the group range, b2 is the maximum value of the group range, and count is the number of groups.

Return type: integer

Example:

    
       SELECT width_bucket(5.35, 0.024, 10.06, 5);
 width_bucket
--------------
            3
(1 row)

width_bucket(op double precision, b1 double precision, b2 double precision, count int)

Return type: integer

Example:

    
       SELECT width_bucket(5.35, 0.024, 10.06, 5);
 width_bucket
--------------
            3
(1 row)

Parent topic: Mathematical Functions and Operators

Previous topic: Numeric Operators

Next topic: Date and Time Processing Functions and Operators

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