Updated on 2024-07-26 GMT+08:00

Policy Syntax

The following uses a custom policy for OBS as an example to describe the syntax.

{
    "Version": "1.1",
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "obs:bucket:ListAllMyBuckets",
                "obs:bucket:HeadBucket",
                "obs:bucket:ListBucket",
                "obs:bucket:GetBucketLocation"
            ],
            "Condition": {
                "StringEndWithIfExists": {
                    "g:UserName": [
                        "specialCharacter"
                    ]
                },
                "Bool": {
                    "g:MFAPresent": [
                        "true"
                    ]
                }
            },
            "Resource": [
                "obs:*:*:bucket:*"
            ]
        }
    ]
}

Policy Structure

A policy consists of a version and one or more statements (indicating different actions).

Figure 1 Policy structure

Policy Parameters

Policy parameters include Version and Statement, which are described in the following table. You can create custom policies by specifying the parameters. For details, see Custom Policy Use Cases.

Table 1 Policy parameters

Parameter

Description

Value

Version

Policy version.

1.1: indicates policy-based access control.

Statement

Effect

Determines whether to allow or deny the operations defined in the action.

  • Allow
  • Deny
NOTE:

If an action has both Allow and Deny effects, the Deny effect takes precedence.

Action

Operations to be performed on the service.

Format: "Service name:Resource type:Operation". Wildcard characters (*) are supported, indicating all options.

Example:

obs:bucket:ListAllMybuckets: Permissions for listing all OBS buckets.

View all actions of the service in its API Reference.

Condition

Determines when a policy takes effect. A condition consists of a condition key and an operator.

Format: "Condition operator:{Condition key:[Value 1,Value 2]}"

If you set multiple conditions, the policy takes effect only when all the conditions are met.

Example:

StringEndWithIfExists":{"g:UserName":["specialCharacter"]}: The statement is valid for users whose names end with specialCharacter.

Resource

Resources on which the policy takes effect.

Format: Service name:Region:Account ID:Resource type:Resource path. Wildcard characters (*) are supported.

Example:

  • obs:*:*:bucket:*: All OBS buckets.
  • obs:*:*:object:my-bucket/my-object/*: All objects in the my-object directory of the my-bucket bucket.
  • Condition key
    A condition key is a key in the Condition element of a statement. There are global and service-level condition keys.
    • Global condition keys (starting with g:) apply to all operations. IAM provides common global condition keys and special global condition keys.
      • Common global condition keys: Cloud services do not need to provide user identity information. Instead, IAM automatically abstracts user information and authenticates users. For details, see Common global condition keys.
      • Special global condition keys: IAM obtains condition information from cloud services for authentication.
    • Service-level condition keys (starting with a service name abbreviation, for example, obs:) apply only to operations on the specified service. For details, see the user guide of the corresponding cloud service.
    Table 2 Common global condition keys

    Global Condition Key

    Type

    Description

    g:CurrentTime

    Time

    Time when an authentication request is received. The time is in ISO 8601 format, for example, 2012-11-11T23:59:59Z.

    g:DomainName

    String

    Account name.

    g:MFAPresent

    Boolean

    Whether to obtain a token through MFA authentication.

    g:MFAAge

    Number

    Validity period of a token obtained through MFA authentication. This condition must be used together with g:MFAPresent.

    g:ProjectName

    String

    Project name.

    g:ServiceName

    String

    Service name.

    g:UserId

    String

    IAM user ID.

    g:UserName

    String

    IAM user name.

    Table 3 Special global condition keys

    Global Condition Key

    Type

    Description

    g:SourceIp

    IP Address

    IP address of the user sending a request.

    g:SourceVpc

    String

    VPC ID of the user sending a request.

    g:SourceVpce

    String

    VPC endpoint ID of the user sending a request.

    g:TagKeys

    String

    Resource tag key.

    g:ResourceTag/{TagKey}

    String

    Resource tag key value.

  • Operator

    An operator (see Operators), a condition key, and a condition value together constitute a complete condition statement. A policy takes effect only when its request conditions are met. The operator suffix IfExists indicates that a policy takes effect if a request value is empty or meets the specified condition. For example, if the operator StringEqualsIfExists is selected for a policy, the policy takes effect if a request value is empty or equal to the specified condition value.

    Table 4 Operators (String operators are not case-sensitive unless otherwise specified.)

    Operator

    Type

    Description

    StringEquals

    String

    (Case-sensitive) The request value is the same as the condition value.

    StringNotEquals

    String

    (Case-sensitive) The request value is different from the condition value.

    StringEqualsIgnoreCase

    String

    The request value is the same as the condition value.

    StringNotEqualsIgnoreCase

    String

    The request value is different from the condition value.

    StringLike

    String

    The request value contains the condition value.

    StringNotLike

    String

    The request value does not contain the condition value.

    StringStartWith

    String

    The request value starts with the condition value.

    StringEndWith

    String

    The request value ends with the condition value.

    StringNotStartWith

    String

    The request value does not start with the condition value.

    StringNotEndWith

    String

    The request value does not end with the condition value.

    StringEqualsAnyOf

    String

    (Case-sensitive) The request value is the same as any of the configured condition values.

    StringNotEqualsAnyOf

    String

    (Case-sensitive) The request value is different from all of the configured condition values.

    StringEqualsIgnoreCaseAnyOf

    String

    The request value is the same as any of the configured condition values.

    StringNotEqualsIgnoreCaseAnyOf

    String

    The request value is different from all of the configured condition values.

    StringLikeAnyOf

    String

    The request value contains any of the configured condition values.

    StringNotLikeAnyOf

    String

    The request value does not contain any of the configured condition values.

    StringStartWithAnyOf

    String

    The request value starts with any of the configured condition values.

    StringEndWithAnyOf

    String

    The request value ends with any of the configured condition values.

    StringNotStartWithAnyOf

    String

    The request value does not start with any of the configured condition values.

    StringNotEndWithAnyOf

    String

    The request value does not end with any of the configured condition values.

    NumberEquals

    Number

    The request value is equal to the condition value.

    NumberNotEquals

    Number

    The request value is not equal to the condition value.

    NumberLessThan

    Number

    The request value is less than the condition value.

    NumberLessThanEquals

    Number

    The request value is less than or equal to the condition value.

    NumberGreaterThan

    Number

    The request value is greater than the condition value.

    NumberGreaterThanEquals

    Number

    The request value is greater than or equal to the condition value.

    NumberEqualsAnyOf

    Number

    The request value is equal to any of the configured condition values.

    NumberNotEqualsAnyOf

    Number

    The request value is not equal to any of the configured condition values.

    DateLessThan

    Time

    The request value is earlier than the condition value.

    DateLessThanEquals

    Time

    The request value is earlier than or equal to the condition value.

    DateGreaterThan

    Time

    The request value is later than the condition value.

    DateGreaterThanEquals

    Time

    The request value is later than or equal to the condition value.

    Bool

    Boolean

    The request value is equal to the condition value.

    IpAddress

    IP address

    The request value is within the IP address range set in the condition value.

    NotIpAddress

    IP address

    The request value is beyond the IP address range set in the condition value.

    IsNullOrEmpty

    Null

    The request value is null or an empty string.

    IsNull

    Null

    The request value is null.

    IsNotNull

    Null

    The request value is not null.