Bit String Operators

Aside from the usual comparison operators, the following operators can be used. Bit string operands of &, |, and # must be of equal length. In case of bit shifting, the original length of the string is preserved by zero padding (if necessary).

||

Description: Connects bit strings.

Example:

    
         gaussdb=# SELECT B'10001' || B'011' AS RESULT;
  result
----------
 10001011
(1 row)

A field can have a maximum of 180 consecutive internal joins. A field with excessive joins will be split into joined consecutive strings.
Example: str1||str2||str3||str4 is split into (str1||str2)||(str3||str4).
In ORA-compatible mode, if bit strings contain a null string, the null string is ignored and other strings are joined. In other compatibility modes, the null string is returned.
Take str1||NULL||str2 as an example. str1str2 is returned in ORA-compatible mode and NULL is returned in other compatibility modes.

&

Description: Specifies the AND operation between bit strings.

Example:

    
         gaussdb=# SELECT B'10001' & B'01101' AS RESULT;
 result 
--------
 00001
(1 row)

|

Description: Specifies the OR operation between bit strings.

Example:

    
         gaussdb=# SELECT B'10001' | B'01101' AS RESULT;
 result 
--------
 11101
(1 row)

#

Description: Specifies the OR operation between bit strings if they are inconsistent. If the same positions in the two bit strings are both 1 or 0, the position returns 0.

Example:

    
         gaussdb=# SELECT B'10001' # B'01101' AS RESULT;
 result 
--------
 11100
(1 row)

~

Description: Specifies the NOT operation between bit strings.

Example:

    
         gaussdb=# SELECT ~B'10001'AS RESULT;
 result  
----------
 01110
(1 row)

<<

Description: Shifts left in a bit string.

Example:

     
          gaussdb=# SELECT B'10001' << 3 AS RESULT;
 result  
----------
 01000
(1 row)

>>

Description: Shifts right in a bit string.

Example:

    
         gaussdb=# SELECT B'10001' >> 2 AS RESULT;
 result  
----------
 00100
(1 row)

The following SQL-standard functions work on bit strings as well as strings: length, bit_length, octet_length, position, substring, and overlay.

The following functions work on bit strings as well as binary strings: get_bit and set_bit. When working with a bit string, these functions number the first (leftmost) bit of the string as bit 0.

In addition, it is possible to convert between integral values and type bit. Example:

    
     
       
       
         gaussdb=# SELECT 44::bit(10) AS RESULT;
   result
------------
 0000101100
(1 row)

gaussdb=# SELECT 44::bit(3) AS RESULT;
 result 
--------
 100
(1 row)

gaussdb=# SELECT cast(-44 as bit(12)) AS RESULT;
    result    
--------------
 111111010100
(1 row)

gaussdb=# SELECT '1110'::bit(4)::integer AS RESULT;
 result 
--------
     14
(1 row)

gaussdb=# SELECT substring('10101111'::bit(8), 2);
 substring
-----------
 0101111
(1 row)

        

      

    
   