Connecting to a Database in Non-Encrypted Mode

Methods of Loading Drivers

You can load drivers in the following ways:

• Load a driver at any position in code before creating a connection.

  Class.forName("com.huawei.gaussdb.jdbc.Driver");

• Pass parameters when a JVM is started. jdbctest is the name of the test case program.

  java -Djdbc.drivers=com.huawei.gaussdb.jdbc.Driver jdbctest;

1. GaussDB is compatible with PG in the use of JDBC. Therefore, when two JDBC drivers are used in the same process, class names may conflict.
2. JDBC of this version does not support identity & access management suite (IAM) for authentication.
3. GaussDB JDBC driver has the following enhanced features:
   1. SHA-256 is supported for encrypted login.
   2. The third-party log framework that implements the sf4j API can be connected.
   3. Distributed load balancing at the connection level is supported.
   4. DR failover is supported.

APIs for Creating Database Connections

JDBC provides three APIs for creating database connections. For details about the url, info, user, and password parameters, see Table 1.

API 1: DriverManager.getConnection(String url). You need to write a database username and password in a URL, which is insecure and not recommended.

API 2: DriverManager.getConnection(String url, String user, String password). For details, see Connecting to a Database Using API 2.

API 3: DriverManager.getConnection(String url, Properties info). For details, see Connecting to a Database Using API 3.

Connecting to a Database Using API 2

Use the DriverManager.getConnection(String url, String user, String password) API to establish a database connection. The procedure is as follows:

1. Import java.sql.Connection and java.sql.DriverManager.
   java.sql.Connection is a database connection API. The getConnection() method of java.sql.DriverManager is used to connect applications to a database. In addition, you need to import other APIs and classes based on the actual application scenario. For details, see JDBC Interface Reference.

   1 2	import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager;

2. Specify the database sourceURL (change $ip, $port, and database as required), username, and password.
   Writing the username and password to code has great security risks. You are advised to store the username and password in environment variables.

   String sourceURL = "jdbc:gaussdb://$ip:$port/database";
   String userName = System.getenv("EXAMPLE_USERNAME_ENV");
   String password = System.getenv("EXAMPLE_PASSWORD_ENV");

3. Load the driver.
   1. Add the gaussdbjdbc.jar package to the runtime environment (for example, the IDE).
   2. Load the database driver com.huawei.gaussdb.jdbc.Driver.

      String driver = "com.huawei.gaussdb.jdbc.Driver";
      Class.forName(driver);

4. Establish a database connection.
   Call DriverManager.getConnection(String url, String user, String password) to connect to the database.

   Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(sourceURL, userName, password);

Connecting to a Database Using API 3

Use the DriverManager.getConnection(String url, Properties info) API to establish a database connection. The procedure is as follows:

1. Import java.sql.Connection, java.sql.DriverManager, and java.util.Properties.
   The setProperty() method of java.util.Properties is used to set attribute values of the Properties object. In addition, you need to import other APIs and classes based on the actual application scenario. For details, see JDBC Interface Reference.

   1 2 3

   import java.sql.Connection; import java.sql.DriverManager; import java.util.Properties;

2. Specify the database sourceURL (change $ip, $port, and database as required), username, and password.
   Writing the username and password to code has great security risks. You are advised to store the username and password in environment variables.

   String sourceURL = "jdbc:gaussdb://$ip:$port/database";
   String userName = System.getenv("EXAMPLE_USERNAME_ENV");
   String password = System.getenv("EXAMPLE_PASSWORD_ENV");

3. Create a Properties object and set userName and password as the attribute values of the object.

   Properties info = new Properties();
   info.setProperty("user", userName);
   info.setProperty("password", password);

4. Load the driver.
   1. Add the gaussdbjdbc.jar package to the runtime environment (for example, the IDE).
   2. Load the database driver com.huawei.gaussdb.jdbc.Driver.

   String driver = "com.huawei.gaussdb.jdbc.Driver";
   Class.forName(driver);

5. Establish a database connection.
   Call DriverManager.getConnection(String url, Properties info) to connect to the database.

   1	Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(sourceURL, info);