Keywords

SQL statements are classified into reserved keywords and non-reserved keywords. For details about common SQL keywords, see Table 1. Standards require that reserved keywords not be used as other identifiers. Non-reserved keywords have special meanings only in a specific environment and can be used as identifiers in other environments.

Currently, the non-reserved keywords have the following restrictions when being used as the identifier of a database object:
1. It cannot be directly used as a column alias. That is, usage similar to SELECT 1 ABORT may cause errors.
2. Keywords ENTITYESCAPING, NOENTITYESCAPING, and WELLFORMED cannot be used as identifiers of table names, column names, table aliases, column aliases, and function names if they are not enclosed in double quotation marks.
3. The RAW keyword without double quotation marks cannot be used as the identifier of a table name or function name.
4. The SET keyword without double quotation marks cannot be used as an identifier of a table alias. That is, usage similar to SELECT * FROM T1 SET may cause errors.
5. Keywords such as BEGIN, BY, CLOSE, CURSOR, DECLARE, DELETE, EXECUTE, FUNCTION, IF, IMMEDIATE, INSERT, LOOP, MOVE, OF, REF, RELEASE, RETURN, SAVEPOINT, STRICT, TYPE, and UPDATE without double quotation marks cannot be used as variable names.
6. When the SYS_REFCURSOR keyword is used as the identifier of a database object, if double quotation marks are not attached, a database object named REFCURSOR is created. If double quotation marks are attached, a database object named SYS_REFCURSOR is created.
Similar to the non-reserved keywords, the non-reserved (cannot be a function or type) keywords cannot be directly used as column aliases, either.
The reserved keyword CURRENT_TIMESTAMP with double quotation marks cannot be used as a function name.

Identifier Naming Conventions

Identifier naming must comply with the following rules:

An identifier name can only contain letters, digits, underscores (_), and dollar signs ($).
An identifier name must start with a letter or an underscore (_).
- The naming rules are recommended but not required.
- In special cases, double quotation marks (") can be used to avoid special character errors.

SQL Keywords

**Table 1** SQL keywords
Keyword	GaussDB	SQL:1999	SQL-92
ABORT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ABS	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ABSOLUTE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ACCESS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ACCOUNT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ACTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ADA	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
ADD	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ADDDATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ADMIN	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
ADVANCED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AFTER	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
AGGREGATE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
ALGORITHM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ALIAS	N/A	Reserved	N/A
ALL	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ALLOCATE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
ALSO	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ALTER	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ALWAYS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ANALYSE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
ANALYZE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
AND	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ANY	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
APP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
APPEND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ARCHIVE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ARE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
ARRAY	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
AS	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ASC	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ASENSITIVE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ASSERTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ASSIGNMENT	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
ASYMMETRIC	Reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
AT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ATOMIC	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ATTRIBUTE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AUDIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AUTHID	Reserved	N/A	N/A
AUTHORIZATION	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
AUTO	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AUTO_INCREMENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AUTOEXTEND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AUTOMAPPED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AUTOMATIC	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
AVG	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
BACKWARD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BAD_PATH	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BARRIER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BEFORE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
BEGIN	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
BEGIN_NON_ANOYBLOCK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BETWEEN	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
BIGINT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
BINARY	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	N/A
BINARY_DOUBLE	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
BINARY_INTEGER	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
BIT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
BIT_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
BITVAR	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
BLANKS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BLOB	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
BLOCKCHAIN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BODY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
BOOLEAN	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	N/A
BOTH	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
BREADTH	N/A	Reserved	N/A
BUCKETS	Reserved	N/A	N/A
BY	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
BYTEAWITHOUTORDER	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
BYTEAWITHOUTORDERWITHEQUAL	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
C	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CACHE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CALL	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
CALLED	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
CANCELABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CARDINALITY	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
CASCADE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CASCADED	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CASE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CAST	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CATALOG	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CATALOG_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CHAIN	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
CHANGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CHAR	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
CHAR_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
CHARACTER	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
CHARACTER_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
CHARACTER_SET_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CHARACTER_SET_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CHARACTER_SET_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CHARACTERISTICS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CHARACTERSET	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CHARSET	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CHECK	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CHECKED	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
CHECKPOINT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CLASS	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
CLASS_ORIGIN	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CLEAN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CLIENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CLIENT_MASTER_KEY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CLIENT_MASTER_KEYS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CLOB	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
CLOSE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CLUSTER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COALESCE	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
COBOL	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COLLATE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
COLLATION	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
COLLATION_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COLLATION_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COLLATION_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COLUMN	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
COLUMN_ENCRYPTION_KEY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COLUMN_ENCRYPTION_KEYS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COLUMN_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COLUMNS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMMAND_FUNCTION	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COMMAND_FUNCTION_CODE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
COMMENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMMENTS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMMIT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
COMMITTED	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
COMPACT	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
COMPATIBLE_ILLEGAL_CHARS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMPILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMPLETE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COMPLETION	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
COMPRESS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONCURRENTLY	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
CONDITION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONDITION_NUMBER	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CONFIGURATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONNECT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CONNECTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CONNECTION_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CONSTANT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONSTRAINT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CONSTRAINT_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CONSTRAINT_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CONSTRAINTS	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CONSTRUCTOR	N/A	Reserved	N/A
CONTAINING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONTAINS	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
CONTENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONTINUE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CONVERSION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CONVERT	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Reserved
COORDINATOR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COORDINATORS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COPY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CORRESPONDING	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
COST	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
COUNT	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
CREATE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CROSS	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
CROSSBUCKET	Reserved	N/A	N/A
CSN	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
CSV	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
CUBE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
CURRENT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURRENT_CATALOG	Reserved	N/A	N/A
CURRENT_DATE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURRENT_PATH	N/A	Reserved	N/A
CURRENT_ROLE	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
CURRENT_SCHEMA	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
CURRENT_TIME	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURRENT_USER	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURSOR	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
CURSOR_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
CYCLE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
DATA	Non-reserved	Reserved	Non-reserved
DATABASE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATAFILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATANODE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATANODES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATATYPE_CL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATE	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
DATE_ADD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATE_FORMAT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATE_SUB	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATETIME	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
DAY	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DAY_HOUR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DAY_MICROSECOND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DAY_MINUTE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DAY_SECOND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DAYS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DB4AISHOT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DBCOMPATIBILITY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DBTIMEZONE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
DEALLOCATE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DEC	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
DECIMAL	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
DECLARE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DECODE	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
DEFAULT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DEFAULTS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DEFERRABLE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DEFERRED	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DEFINED	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
DEFINER	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
DELETE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DELETE_ALL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DELIMITER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DELIMITERS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DELTA	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DELTAMERGE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
DEPTH	N/A	Reserved	N/A
DEREF	N/A	Reserved	N/A
DESC	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DESCRIBE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
DESCRIPTOR	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
DESTROY	N/A	Reserved	N/A
DESTRUCTOR	N/A	Reserved	N/A
DETERMINISTIC	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
DIAGNOSTICS	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
DICTIONARY	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
DIRECT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DIRECTORY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISABLE_ALL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISCARD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISCARD_PATH	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISCONNECT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DISPATCH	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
DISTINCT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DISTRIBUTE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISTRIBUTED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DISTRIBUTION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DO	Reserved	N/A	N/A
DOCUMENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DOMAIN	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DOUBLE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DROP	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
DUMPFILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DUPLICATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
DYNAMIC	N/A	Reserved	N/A
DYNAMIC_FUNCTION	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
DYNAMIC_FUNCTION_CODE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
EACH	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
ELASTIC	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ELSE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ENABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENABLE_ALL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCLOSED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCODING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCRYPTED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCRYPTED_VALUE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCRYPTION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENCRYPTION_TYPE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
END	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
END-EXEC	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
ENDS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENFORCED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENGINE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENTITYESCAPING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ENUM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EOL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EQUALS	N/A	Reserved	N/A
ERROR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ERRORS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ESCAPE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ESCAPED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ESCAPING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EVALNAME	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EVENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EVENTS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EVERY	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
EXCEPT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
EXCEPTION	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
EXCHANGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXCLUDE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXCLUDED	Reserved	N/A	N/A
EXCLUDING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXCLUSIVE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXEC	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
EXECUTE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
EXISTING	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
EXISTS	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
EXPDP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXPIRED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXPLAIN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXTEND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXTENSION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
EXTERNAL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
EXTRACT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
FALSE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FAMILY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FAST	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FEATURES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FENCED	Reserved	N/A	N/A
FETCH	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FIELDS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FILEHEADER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FILL_MISSING_FIELDS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FILLER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FILTER	Non-reserved	N/A	Reserved
FINAL	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
FINISH	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FIRST	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FIXED	Non-reserved	N/A	Reserved
FLOAT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
FOLLOWING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FOR	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FORCE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FOREIGN	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FORMATTER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FORTRAN	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
FORWARD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
FOUND	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
FREE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
FREEZE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
FROM	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
FULL	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
FUNCTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
FUNCTIONS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
G	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
GENERAL	N/A	Reserved	N/A
GENERATED	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
GET	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
GET_FORMAT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
GLOBAL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
GO	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
GOTO	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
GRANT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
GRANTED	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
GREATEST	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
GROUP	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
GROUPING	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	N/A
GSIUSABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
GSIVALID	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
GSIWAITALL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
HANDLER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
HAVING	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
HDFSDIRECTORY	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
HEADER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
HIERARCHY	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
HOLD	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
HOST	N/A	Reserved	N/A
HOUR	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
HOUR_MICROSECOND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
HOUR_MINUTE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
HOUR_SECOND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IDENTIFIED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IDENTITY	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
IF	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IFNULL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IGNORE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
IGNORE_EXTRA_DATA	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ILIKE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
ILM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ILM_PIDX_LIST	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IMMEDIATE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
IMMUTABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IMPDP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IMPLEMENTATION	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
IMPLICIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IN	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INCLUDE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INCLUDING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INCREMENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INCREMENTAL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INDEX	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INDEXES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INDICATOR	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
INFILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INFIX	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
INHERIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INHERITS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INITIAL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INITIALIZE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
INITIALLY	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INITRANS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INLINE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INNER	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
INOUT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	N/A
INPUT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INSENSITIVE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Reserved
INSERT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INSTANCE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
INSTANTIABLE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
INSTEAD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
INTEGER	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
INTERNAL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INTERSECT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INTERVAL	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
INTO	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
INVISIBLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
INVOKER	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
IP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
IS	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ISNULL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ISOLATION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ITERATE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
JOIN	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
JSON_OBJECT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
K	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
KEY	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
KEY_MEMBER	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
KEY_PATH	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
KEY_STORE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
KEY_TYPE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
KILL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LABEL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LANGUAGE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
LARGE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
LAST	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
LAST_DAY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LATERAL	N/A	Reserved	N/A
LC_COLLATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LC_CTYPE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LEADING	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
LEAKPROOF	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LEAST	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
LEFT	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
LESS	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
LEVEL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
LIKE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
LIMIT	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
LINES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LINK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LIST	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LISTEN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LNNVL	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
LOAD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOAD_BAD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOAD_DISCARD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOAD_INTEGER_LEN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOAD_SESSION_ID	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOAD_SMALLINT_LEN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOAD_UNFIXED_LEN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOAD_UNFIXED_START_POS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOCAL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
LOCALTIME	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
LOCALTIMESTAMP	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
LOCATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOCATOR	N/A	Reserved	N/A
LOCK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOCKED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOG	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOGGING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOGIN_ANY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOGIN_FAILURE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOGIN_SUCCESS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOGOUT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOOP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
LOWER	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
M	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
MANUAL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MAP	N/A	Reserved	N/A
MAPPING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MARK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MASKING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MASTER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MATCH	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
MATCHED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MATERIALIZED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MAX	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
MAXEXTENTS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MAXSIZE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MAXTRANS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MAXVALUE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
MEDIUMINT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
MERGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MESSAGE_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
MESSAGE_OCTET_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
MESSAGE_TEXT	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
METHOD	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
MICROSECOND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MIN	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
MINEXTENTS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MINUS	Reserved	N/A	N/A
MINUTE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
MINUTE_MICROSECOND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MINUTE_SECOND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MINVALUE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MOD	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
MODE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MODEL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MODIFICATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MODIFIES	N/A	Reserved	N/A
MODIFY	Reserved	Reserved	N/A
MODULE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
MONTH	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
MONTHS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MORE	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
MOVE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MOVEMENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
MUMPS	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
NAME	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
NAMES	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
NATIONAL	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
NATURAL	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
NCHAR	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
NCLOB	N/A	Reserved	N/A
NEW	N/A	Reserved	N/A
NEXT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
NO	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
NOCACHE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOCOMPRESS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOCYCLE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
NODE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOENTITYESCAPING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOEXTEND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOLOGGING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOMAXVALUE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOMINVALUE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NONE	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	N/A
NOSCALE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
NOTHING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOTIFY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOTNULL	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
NOW	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NOWAIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NULL	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
NULLABLE	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
NULLCOLS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NULLIF	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
NULLS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NUMBER	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
NUMERIC	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
NUMSTR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
NVARCHAR2	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
NVL	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
NVL2	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
OBJECT	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
OCTET_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
OF	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
OFF	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
OFFSET	Reserved	N/A	N/A
OIDS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OLD	N/A	Reserved	N/A
ON	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ONLY	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
OPEN	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
OPERATION	N/A	Reserved	N/A
OPERATOR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OPTIMIZATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OPTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
OPTIONALLY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OPTIONS	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
OR	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ORDER	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ORDINALITY	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
OUT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	N/A
OUTER	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
OUTFILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OUTPUT	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
OVER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OVERLAPS	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Non-reserved	Reserved
OVERLAY	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Non-reserved	N/A
OVERRIDING	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
OWNED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
OWNER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PACKAGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PACKAGES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PAD	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
PARAMETER	N/A	Reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_MODE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_ORDINAL_POSITION	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETER_SPECIFIC_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
PARAMETERS	N/A	Reserved	N/A
PARSER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PARTIAL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PARTITION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PARTITIONING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PARTITIONS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PASCAL	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
PASSING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PASSWORD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PATH	N/A	Reserved	N/A
PCTFREE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PERCENT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PERFORMANCE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
PERM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PIVOT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PLACING	Reserved	N/A	N/A
PLAN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PLANS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PLI	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
POLICY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
POOL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
POSITION	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
POSTFIX	N/A	Reserved	N/A
PRECEDING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PRECISION	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
PREDICT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PREFERRED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PREFIX	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
PREORDER	N/A	Reserved	N/A
PREPARE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PREPARED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PRESERVE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PRIMARY	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PRIOR	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PRIORER	Reserved	N/A	N/A
PRIVATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PRIVILEGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PRIVILEGES	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PROCEDURAL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PROCEDURE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PROFILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PUBLIC	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
PUBLISH	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
PURGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
QUARTER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
QUERY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
QUOTE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RANDOMIZED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RANGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RATIO	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RAW	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
READ	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
READS	N/A	Reserved	N/A
REAL	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
REASSIGN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REBUILD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RECHECK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RECOVER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RECURSIVE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
RECYCLEBIN	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
REDISANYVALUE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REF	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
REFERENCES	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
REFERENCING	N/A	Reserved	N/A
REFRESH	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REGEXP	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
REGEXP_LIKE	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
REINDEX	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REJECT	Reserved	N/A	N/A
RELATIVE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
RELEASE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RELOPTIONS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REMOTE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REMOVE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RENAME	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REPEATABLE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
REPLACE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REPLICA	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESET	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESIZE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESOURCE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESPECT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESTART	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RESTRICT	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
RESULT	N/A	Reserved	N/A
RETURN	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
RETURNED_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
RETURNED_SQLSTATE	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
RETURNING	Reserved	N/A	N/A
RETURNS	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
REUSE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
REVOKE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
RIGHT	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Reserved	Reserved
RLIKE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
ROLE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
ROLES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ROLLBACK	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ROLLUP	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
ROTATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ROUTINE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
ROUTINE_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ROUTINE_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ROUTINE_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
ROW	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	N/A
ROW_COUNT	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
ROWNUM	Reserved	N/A	N/A
ROWS	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
ROWTYPE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
RULE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SAMPLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SAVEPOINT	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
SCALE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
SCHEDULE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SCHEMA	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SCHEMA_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
SCOPE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
SCROLL	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SEARCH	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
SECOND	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SECOND_MICROSECOND	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SECTION	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
SECURITY	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
SELECT	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SELF	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
SENSITIVE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
SEPARATOR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SEQUENCE	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
SEQUENCES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SERIALIZABLE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
SERVER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SERVER_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
SESSION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SESSION_USER	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SESSIONTIMEZONE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
SET	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SETOF	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
SETS	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
SHARE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SHIPPABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SHOW	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SHRINK	Reserved	N/A	N/A
SHUTDOWN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SIBLINGS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SIGNED	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
SIMILAR	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	Non-reserved	N/A
SIMPLE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
SIZE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SKIP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SLAVE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SLICE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SMALLDATETIME	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
SMALLDATETIME_FORMAT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SMALLINT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
SNAPSHOT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SOME	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SOURCE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
SPACE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
SPECIFIC	N/A	Reserved	N/A
SPECIFIC_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
SPECIFICATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SPECIFICTYPE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
SPILL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SPLIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SQL	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
SQLCODE	N/A	N/A	Reserved
SQLERROR	N/A	N/A	Reserved
SQLEXCEPTION	N/A	Reserved	N/A
SQLSTATE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
SQLWARNING	N/A	Reserved	N/A
STABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STANDALONE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
START	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
STARTING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STARTS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STATE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
STATEMENT	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
STATEMENT_ID	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STATIC	N/A	Reserved	N/A
STATISTICS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STDIN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STDOUT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STORAGE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STORE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STORED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STRATIFY	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STRICT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STRIP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
STRUCTURE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
STYLE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
SUBCLASS_ORIGIN	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
SUBDATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SUBLIST	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
SUBPARTITION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SUBPARTITIONING	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SUBPARTITIONS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SUBSTR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SUBSTRING	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
SUM	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
SYMMETRIC	Reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
SYNONYM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SYS_REFCURSOR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SYSDATE	Reserved	N/A	N/A
SYSID	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
SYSTEM	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
SYSTEM_USER	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
TABLE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TABLE_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
TABLES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TABLESAMPLE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
TABLESPACE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TARGET	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TEMP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TEMPLATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TEMPORARY	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TERMINATE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
TERMINATED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TEXT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
THAN	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
THEN	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TIME	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
TIME_FORMAT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TIMECAPSULE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
TIMESTAMP	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TIMESTAMPADD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TIMESTAMPDIFF	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
TIMEZONE_HOUR	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
TIMEZONE_MINUTE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
TINYINT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
TO	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TRAILING	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TRANSACTION	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TRANSACTION_ACTIVE	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRANSACTIONS_COMMITTED	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRANSACTIONS_ROLLED_BACK	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRANSFORM	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	N/A
TRANSFORMS	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRANSLATE	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
TRANSLATION	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
TREAT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	N/A
TRIGGER	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
TRIGGER_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRIGGER_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRIGGER_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
TRIM	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Non-reserved	Reserved
TRUE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
TRUNCATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TRUSTED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TSFIELD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TSTAG	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TSTIME	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
TYPE	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
TYPES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNBOUNDED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNCOMMITTED	Non-reserved	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
UNDER	N/A	Reserved	N/A
UNENCRYPTED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNION	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
UNIQUE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
UNKNOWN	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
UNLIMITED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNLISTEN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNLOCK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNLOGGED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNNAMED	N/A	Non-reserved	Non-reserved
UNNEST	N/A	Reserved	N/A
UNPIVOT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNSIGNED	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
UNTIL	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UNUSABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
UPDATE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
UPPER	N/A	Non-reserved	Reserved
USAGE	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
USEEOF	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
USER	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_CATALOG	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_NAME	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
USER_DEFINED_TYPE_SCHEMA	N/A	Non-reserved	N/A
USING	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
VACUUM	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VALID	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VALIDATE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VALIDATION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VALIDATOR	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VALUE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
VALUES	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
VARCHAR	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	Reserved	Reserved
VARCHAR2	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
VARIABLE	N/A	Reserved	N/A
VARIABLES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VARIADIC	Reserved	N/A	N/A
VARYING	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
VCGROUP	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VERBOSE	Reserved (functions and types allowed)	N/A	N/A
VERIFY	Reserved	N/A	N/A
VERSION	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VIEW	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
VISIBLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
VOLATILE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WAIT	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WEAK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WEEK	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WELLFORMED	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WHEN	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
WHENEVER	N/A	Reserved	Reserved
WHERE	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
WHITESPACE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WINDOW	Reserved	N/A	N/A
WITH	Reserved	Reserved	Reserved
WITHIN	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WITHOUT	Non-reserved	Reserved	N/A
WORK	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
WORKLOAD	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WRAPPER	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
WRITE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
XML	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
XMLATTRIBUTES	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
XMLCONCAT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
XMLELEMENT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
XMLEXISTS	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
XMLFOREST	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
XMLNAMESPACES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
XMLPARSE	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
XMLPI	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
XMLROOT	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
XMLSERIALIZE	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
XMLTABLE	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
XMLTYPE	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
YEAR	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved
YEAR_MONTH	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
YEARS	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
YES	Non-reserved	N/A	N/A
ZEROFILL	Non-reserved (cannot be functions or types)	N/A	N/A
ZONE	Non-reserved	Reserved	Reserved