Creating a Cluster

Preparations Before Creating a Cluster

• You have evaluated the flavor of cluster nodes.

  You can select the number of nodes by data volume, service load, and performance. More nodes bring you stronger storage and compute capabilities.

  When first using GaussDB(DWS), you can create a cluster with a smaller flavor. Then, you can adjust the cluster scale and node flavor based on the data volume and service load changes without interrupting services. For details, see Scaling Out a Cluster.

• Determine the number of nodes that can be used by users.

  The number of nodes that can be used by users must meet the following requirements. Otherwise, the system displays a message indicating that the cluster cannot be created.

  The number of nodes that can be used by a user depends on the product type you select.A hybrid data warehouse cluster (standalone mode) has only one node. For other types of clusters, the number of nodes can be greater than or equal to 3. You can view the number of available nodes on the Clusters > Dedicated Clusters page.

Creating a Cluster

1. Log in to the GaussDB(DWS) management console.
2. In the navigation pane on the left, choose Clusters > Dedicated Clusters.
3. On the Dedicated Clusters page, click Create GaussDB(DWS) Cluster.
4. Select Region.

   Table 1 Region parameters

   Parameter	Description	Example Value
   Region	Select the actual region where the cluster nodes run.	-
   AZ	Select an AZ associated with the cluster region. For more information, see Regions and AZs.	-

5. Select an AZ. You can select Single AZ or Multi-AZ as required.

   

   

   • Multi-AZ clusters are supported only by clusters of version 8.2.0.100 or later.
   • The Multi-AZ option is displayed only if the number of AZs in the selected region is greater than or equal to 3. If this condition is not met, only a single-AZ cluster can be created.
   • For a multi-AZ cluster, only three AZs can be selected at a time so far. Server nodes are evenly distributed among the three AZs.
   • The multi-AZ cluster supports only GaussDB(DWS) 2.0 standard data warehouses.
   • The numbers of nodes in a multi-AZ cluster must be a multiple of 3.
   • In a multi-AZ cluster, the number of DNs must be less than or equal to 2.

6. Configure Resource, CPU Architecture, and Node Flavor.
   

   • The number of nodes in a new cluster cannot exceed the quota that can be used by a user or 256. If the node quota is insufficient, click Increase quota to submit a service ticket and apply for higher node quota.

   Table 2 Node configuration parameters

   Parameter	Description	Example Value
   Resource	Product type. It can be: Standard data warehouse: It can analyze hot and cold data and is highly cost-effective. Its storage and computing resources are not limited, and can be elastically scaled and billed per use. It is suitable for the converged analysis that requires integrated databases, warehouses, marts, and lakes. It is most suitable for OLAP workloads.	Standard
   Compute Resource	It can be: ESC: Scalable, reliable, and high-throughput virtual block storage is provided in a distributed architecture. This ensures that data can be quickly migrated and restored if any data replica is unavailable, preventing data from being lost because of a single hardware fault. Backup and restoration can be performed on ECSs and EVS disks. You can configure automatic backup policies for them.	-
   Storage Type	It can be: Cloud SSD	-
   CPU Architecture	The CPU architecture includes: x86	-
   Node Flavor	Select the desired node flavor based on service requirements. Each node flavor displays the vCPU, memory, and recommended application scenario.	dws2.m6.4xlarge.8
   Hot storage	Available storage capacity of each node. NOTE: The storage capacity you apply for has the necessary file system overhead, which includes index nodes and the space required for database running. The storage space must be an integer multiple of 100. 200 GB per node is the actual storage capacity for service data. For example, if the number of nodes is set to 3, the total resource capacity is 600 GB. By default, tablespaces are automatically created when you configure cold and hot data storage. You do not need to manually create tablespaces. This feature is supported only in clusters of 8.1.3 and later versions.	-
   Cold storage	You are advised to store cold data in OBS.	-
   Nodes	Specify the number of nodes in the cluster. The number of nodes ranges from 3 to 256.	3
   Total	Displays the total capacity of a cluster. The storage capacity of each flavor is the actual database space used for storing data. The displayed storage capacity has deducted the disk space consumed by backups and RAIDs.	-

7. Click Next: Configure Network.
8. Configure the network.

   Table 3 Network parameters

   Parameter	Description	Example Value
   VPC	Specify a virtual private network for nodes in a cluster to isolate networks of different services. If you create a data warehouse cluster for the first time and have not configured the VPC, click View VPC. On the VPC management console that is displayed, create a VPC that satisfies your needs. For details about how to create a VPC, see "VPC and Subnet > Creating a VPC" in the Virtual Private Cloud User Guide. After selecting a VPC from the drop-down list, click View VPC to enter the VPC management console and view the detailed information about the VPC. You can click to refresh the options in the VPC drop-down list.	vpc-dws
   Subnet	Specify a VPC subnet. A subnet provides dedicated network resources that are isolated from other networks, improving network security. NOTE: After a cluster is created, the subnet cannot be modified. If you need to modify the subnet, you can restore the snapshot of the cluster to a new cluster. The data of the new cluster is the same as that of the old cluster, and the subnet can be modified when the new cluster is created.	subnet-dws
   Security Group	Specify a VPC security group. A security group restricts access rules to enhance security when GaussDB(DWS) and other services access each other. Automatic creation If Automatic creation is selected, the system automatically creates a default security group. This option is selected by default. The rule of the default security group is as follows: The outbound allows all access requests, while the inbound is open only to the database port that you set to connect to the GaussDB(DWS) cluster. The format of the default security group name is dws-<Cluster_name>-<Cluster_database_port>, for example, dws-dws-demo-8000. NOTE: If the quotas of the security group and the security group rule are insufficient, an error message will be displayed after you submit the cluster creation application. Select an existing group and retry. Manual creation You can also log in to the VPC management console to manually create a security group. Then, go back to the page for creating data warehouse clusters, click the button next to the Security Group drop-down list to refresh the page, and select the new security group. To enable the GaussDB(DWS) client to connect to the cluster, you need to add an inbound rule to the new security group to grant the access permission to the database port of the GaussDB(DWS) cluster. The following is an example of an inbound rule.. Protocol: TCP Port: 8000. Use the database port set when creating the GaussDB(DWS) cluster. This port is used for receiving client connections to GaussDB(DWS). Source: Select IP address and use the host IP address of the client host, for example, 192.168.0.10/32. The security group of a cluster cannot be changed but can be modified. For details, see Modifying a Security Group.	Automatic creation
   Public Network Access	Specify whether users can use a client to connect to a cluster's database over the Internet. The following methods are supported: Do not use: The EIP is not required. : Users specify the bandwidth of the EIP and the system automatically assigns an EIP that exclusively uses bandwidth to each cluster so that users can use the EIP to access the cluster over the Internet. The bandwidth name of an automatically assigned EIP starts with the cluster name. Specify: A specified EIP is bound to the cluster. If no available EIPs are displayed in the drop-down list, click Create EIP to go to the Elastic IP page and create an EIP that satisfies your needs. You can set the bandwidth as needed. NOTE: If you use the EIP binding function for the first time in each project of each region, the system prompts you to create the DWSAccessVPC agency to authorize GaussDB(DWS) to access VPC. After the authorization is successful, GaussDB(DWS) can switch to a healthy VM when the VM bound with the EIP becomes faulty. By default, only accounts or users with Security Administrator permissions can query and create agencies. By default, the IAM users in those accounts cannot query or create agencies. When the users use the EIP, the system makes the binding function unavailable. Contact a user with the DWS Administrator permissions to authorize the agency on the current page.	Automatically assign
   ELB	Specifies whether ELB is bound. With ELB health checks, CN requests of a cluster can be quickly forwarded to normal CNs. If a CN is faulty, the workload can be immediately shifted to a healthy node, minimizing cluster access faults. Do not use: The load balancer is not used. Specify: Specify an ELB to be bound to the cluster. If no available load balancers are displayed in the drop-down list, click Create ELB to go to the Elastic Load Balance page and create a load balancer as needed.	Specify
   Bandwidth	you need to specify the bandwidth of the EIP, which ranges from 1 Mbit/s to 100 Mbit/s.	50Mbit/s

9. Click Next: Configure Advanced Settings.
10. Configure cluster parameters.

    Table 4 Cluster parameters

    Parameter	Description	Example Value
    Cluster Name	Set the name of the data warehouse cluster. The cluster name contains 4 to 64 case-insensitive characters and must start with a letter. Only letters, digits, hyphens (-), and underscores (_) are allowed. NOTE: Only in 8.3.1 and later versions, you can change the cluster name after a cluster is created.	dws-demo
    Cluster Version	Displays the version of the database instance installed in the cluster. The figure is for reference only.	-
    Default Database	The default database name of the cluster is gaussdb. NOTE: This name cannot be changed.	gaussdb
    Administrator Account	Set the database administrator name. The administrator username must: Consist of lowercase letters, digits, or underscores. Start with a lowercase letter or an underscore. Contain 6 to 64 characters. Cannot be a keyword of the GaussDB(DWS) database. For details about the keywords of the GaussDB(DWS) database, see "SQL Reference > Keyword" in the Data Warehouse Service (DWS) Developer Guide.	dbadmin
    Administrator Password	Set the password of the database administrator account. The password complexity requirements are as follows: Consists of 12 to 32 characters. Cannot be the username or the username spelled backwards. Must contain at least three of the following character types: uppercase letters, lowercase letters, digits, and special characters (~!`?,.:;-_'"(){}[]/<>@#%^&*+|\=) Passes the weak password check. NOTE: Change the password regularly and keep it secure.	-
    Confirm Password	Enter the database administrator password again.	-
    Database Port	Specify the port used when the client or application connects to the database in the cluster. The port number ranges from 8000 to 30000. NOTE: The database port of a created cluster cannot be changed. You can specify the database port only when creating a cluster.	8000

11. Configure the enterprise project to which the cluster belongs. You can configure this parameter only when the Enterprise Project Management service is enabled. The default value is default.

    An enterprise project facilitates project-level management and grouping of cloud resources and users.

    You can select the default enterprise project default or other existing enterprise projects.

12. Configure advanced settings. Select Default to keep the default values of the advanced parameters. You can also select Custom to modify the values.
    • CNs

      CNs receive access requests from the clients and return the execution results. In addition, a CN splits and distributes tasks to the DNs for parallel execution.

      The value ranges from 3 to the number of cluster nodes. The maximum value is 20 and the default value is 3. In a large-scale cluster, you are advised to deploy multiple CNs.

    • Tag

      A tag is a key-value pair used to identify a cluster. For details about the keys and values, see Table 5. By default, no tag is added to the cluster.

      For more information about tags, see Overview.

      Table 5 Tag parameters

      Parameter	Description	Example Value
      Key	You can select: Select a predefined tag key or an existing resource tag key from the drop-down list of the text box. NOTE: To add a predefined tag, you need to create one on TMS and select it from the drop-down list of Tag key. You can click View predefined tags to enter the Predefined Tags page of TMS. Then, click Create Tag to create a predefined tag. For more information, see Management > Predefined Tags > Creating Predefined Tags in the Tag Management Service User Guide. Enter a tag key in the text box. A tag key can contain a maximum of 36 characters. It cannot be an empty string or start or end with a space. The value cannot contain the following characters: =*<>\,|/ NOTE: A key must be unique in a given cluster.	key01
      Value	You can select: Select a predefined tag value or resource tag value from the drop-down list of the text box. Enter a tag value in the text box. A tag value can contain a maximum of 43 characters, which can be an empty string. It cannot start or end with a space. The value cannot contain the following characters: =*<>\,|/	value01

    • Encrypt DataStore

      indicates that database encryption is disabled. This function is disabled by default.

      indicates that database encryption is enabled. After this function is enabled, Key Management Service (KMS) encrypts the cluster and the cluster's snapshot data.

      

      Only users with the Tenant Admin permission can view and toggle the Encrypt DataStore switch.

      When you enable database encryption for each project in each region for the first time, the system displays a Create Agency dialog box. Click Yes to create DWSAccessKMS to authorize GaussDB(DWS) to access KMS. If you click No, the encryption function is not enabled. Select the created KMS key from the KMS Key Name drop-down list.

      By default, only Huawei Cloud accounts or users with Security Administrator permissions can query and create agencies. IAM users under an account do not have the permission to query or create agencies by default. Contact a user with that permission and complete the authorization on the current page.

      

      • The database encryption function cannot be disabled once it is enabled.
      • After Encrypt DataStore is enabled, the key cannot be disabled, deleted, or frozen when being used. Otherwise, the cluster becomes abnormal and the database becomes unavailable.
      • Snapshots created after the database encryption function is enabled cannot be restored using open APIs.

13. Click Next: Confirm.
14. Click Create Now.

    After the submission is successful, the creation starts. Click Back to Cluster List to go back to the Dedicated Clusters page. The initial status of the cluster is Creating. Cluster creation takes some time. Clusters in the Available state are ready for use.