Functions
The syntax of a complete analysis statement is as follows:
| 1 2 3 4 | SELECT [DISTINCT] (* | expression) [AS alias] [, ...] [GROUP BY expression [, ...] [HAVING predicates]] [ORDER BY expression [ASC | DESC] [, ...]] [LIMIT size OFFSET offset] | 
This section describes functions.
Mathematics Functions
| Function | Purpose | Description | Example Value | 
|---|---|---|---|
| abs | Absolute value | abs(number T) -> T | SELECT abs(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| add | Addition | add(number T, number) -> T | SELECT add(1, 5) LIMIT 1 | 
| cbrt | Cubic root | cbrt(number T) -> T | SELECT cbrt(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| ceil | Rounded up | ceil(number T) -> T | SELECT ceil(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| divide | Division | divide(number T, number) -> T | SELECT divide(1, 0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| e | Natural base number e | e() -> double | SELECT e() LIMIT 1 | 
| exp | Power of the natural base number e | exp(number T) -> T | SELECT exp(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| expm1 | Subtract one from the power of the natural base number e. | expm1(number T) -> T | SELECT expm1(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| floor | Rounded down | floor(number T) -> T | SELECT floor(0.5) AS Rounded_Down LIMIT 1 | 
| ln | Returns the natural logarithm. | ln(number T) -> double | SELECT ln(10) LIMIT 1 | 
| log | Logarithm with T as the base | log(number T, number) -> double | SELECT log(10) LIMIT 1 | 
| log2 | Logarithm with 2 as the base | log2(number T) -> double | SELECT log2(10) LIMIT 1 | 
| log10 | Logarithm to base 10 | log10(number T) -> double | SELECT log10(10) LIMIT 1 | 
| modulus | Remainder | modulus(number T, number) -> T | SELECT modulus(2, 3) LIMIT 1 | 
| multiply | Multiplication | multiply(number T, number) -> number | SELECT multiply(2, 3) LIMIT 1 | 
| pi | π | pi() -> double | SELECT pi() LIMIT 1 | 
| pow | T power of | pow(number T, number) -> T | SELECT pow(2, 3) LIMIT 1 | 
| power | T power of | power(number T) -> T, power(number T, number) -> T | SELECT power(2, 3) LIMIT 1 | 
| rand | Random number. | rand() -> number, rand(number T) -> T | SELECT rand(5) LIMIT 1 | 
| rint | Discard decimals. | rint(number T) -> T | SELECT rint(1.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| round | Round off | round(number T) -> T | SELECT round(1.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| sign | Symbol | sign(number T) -> T | SELECT sign(1.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| signum | Symbol | signum(number T) -> T | SELECT signum(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| sqrt | Square root | sqrt(number T) -> T | SELECT sqrt(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| subtract | Subtraction | subtract(number T, number) -> T | SELECT subtract(3, 2) LIMIT 1 | 
| / | Division | number / number -> number | SELECT 1 / 100 LIMIT 1 | 
| % | Remainder | number % number -> number | SELECT 1 % 100 LIMIT 1 | 
Trigonometric Functions
| Functions | Purpose | Description | Example Value | 
|---|---|---|---|
| acos | Arc cosine | acos(number T) -> double | SELECT acos(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| asin | Arc sine | asin(number T) -> double | SELECT asin(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| atan | Inverse tangent | atan(number T) -> double | SELECT atan(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| atan2 | T Arc tangent of the result of dividing U | atan2(number T, number U) -> double | SELECT atan2(1, 0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| cos | Cosine | cos(number T) -> double | SELECT cos(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| cosh | hyperbolic cosine | cosh(number T) -> double | SELECT cosh(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| cot | Cotangent | cot(number T) -> double | SELECT cot(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| degrees | Converting radians into degrees | degrees(number T) -> double | SELECT degrees(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| radians | Converting degrees into radians | radians(number T) -> double | SELECT radians(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| sin | Sine | sin(number T) -> double | SELECT sin(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| sinh | hyperbolic sine | sinh(number T) -> double | SELECT sinh(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
| tan | Tangent | tan(number T) -> double | SELECT tan(0.5) LIMIT 1 | 
Temporal Functions
| Function | Purpose | Description | Example Value | 
|---|---|---|---|
| curdate | Specifies the current date. | curdate() -> date | SELECT curdate() LIMIT 1 | 
| date | Date | date(date) -> date | SELECT date() LIMIT 1 | 
| date_format | Obtains the date value based on the format. | date_format(date, string) -> string | SELECT date_format(date, 'Y') LIMIT 1 | 
| day_of_month | Month | day_of_month(date) -> integer | SELECT day_of_month(date) LIMIT 1 | 
| day_of_week | Day of a week | day_of_week(date) -> integer | SELECT day_of_week(date) LIMIT 1 | 
| day_of_year | Number of days in the current year | day_of_year(date) -> integer | SELECT day_of_year(date) LIMIT 1 | 
| hour_of_day | Number of hours on the current day | hour_of_day(date) -> integer | SELECT hour_of_day(date) LIMIT 1 | 
| maketime | Date of Generation | maketime(integer, integer, integer) -> time | SELECT maketime(11, 30, 00) LIMIT 1 | 
| minute_of_hour | Number of minutes in the current hour | minute_of_hour(date) -> integer | SELECT minute_of_hour(date) LIMIT 1 | 
| minute_of_day | Number of minutes on the current day | minute_of_day(date) -> integer | SELECT minute_of_day(date) LIMIT 1 | 
| monthname | Month Name | monthname(date) -> string | SELECT monthname(date) LIMIT 1 | 
| now | Current time. | now() -> time | SELECT now() LIMIT 1 | 
| second_of_minute | Number of seconds | second_of_minute(date) -> integer | SELECT second_of_minute(date) LIMIT 1 | 
| timestamp | Date | timestamp(date) -> date | SELECT timestamp(date) LIMIT 1 | 
| year | Year | year(date) -> integer | SELECT year(date) LIMIT 1 | 
Text Functions
| Function | Purpose | Description | Example Value | 
|---|---|---|---|
| ascii | ASCII value of the first character | ascii(string T) -> integer | SELECT ascii('t') LIMIT 1 | 
| concat_ws | Connection String | concat_ws(separator, string, string) -> string | SELECT concat_ws('-', 'Tutorial', 'is', 'fun!') LIMIT 1 | 
| left | Obtain a character string from left to right. | left(string T, integer) -> T | SELECT left('hello', 2) LIMIT 1 | 
| length | length | length(string) -> integer | SELECT length('hello') LIMIT 1 | 
| locate | Search for a string | locate(string, string) -> integer | SELECT locate('o', 'hello') LIMIT 1 | 
| replace | Replace strings | replace(string T, string, string) -> T | SELECT replace('hello', 'l', 'x') LIMIT 1 | 
| right | Obtain a character string from right to left. | right(string T, integer) -> T | SELECT right('hello', 1) LIMIT 1 | 
| rtrim | Remove the empty character string on the right. | rtrim(string T) -> T | SELECT rtrim('hello ') LIMIT 1 | 
| substring | Obtaining a Substring | substring(string T, integer, integer) -> T | SELECT substring('hello', 2,5) LIMIT 1 | 
| trim | Remove empty character strings on both sides. | trim(string T) -> T | SELECT trim(' hello ') LIMIT 1 | 
| upper | Convert all letters into uppercase letters. | upper(string T) -> T | SELECT upper('helloworld') LIMIT 1 | 
Other
| Function | Purpose | Description | Example Value | 
|---|---|---|---|
| if | if condition | if(boolean, object, object) -> object | SELECT if(false, 0, 1) LIMIT 1 , SELECT if(true, 0, 1) LIMIT 1 | 
| ifnull | If the field is null, the default value is used. | ifnull(object, object) -> object | SELECT ifnull('hello', 1) LIMIT 1 , SELECT ifnull(null, 1) LIMIT 1 | 
| isnull | Indicates whether a field is null. If yes, 1 is returned. If no, 0 is returned. | isnull(object) -> integer | SELECT isnull(null) LIMIT 1 , SELECT isnull(1) LIMIT 1 | 
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