Scenarios

This section describes how to create a DB instance on the RDS console.

Currently, RDS for PostgreSQL supports the yearly/monthly and pay-per-use billing modes. RDS allows you to tailor your computing resources and storage space to your business needs.

Prerequisites

• You have registered a HUAWEI CLOUD account.
• After registering a HUAWEI CLOUD account, you can create an IAM user or user group on the IAM console and grant it specific operation permissions, to perform refined management on HUAWEI CLOUD. For details, see Creating a User and Granting Permissions.
• Your account balance is greater than or equal to ¥0.

Procedure

1. Log in to the management console.
2. Click in the upper left corner and select a region and a project.
3. Click Service List. Under Database, click Relational Database Service. The RDS console is displayed.
4. On the Instance Management page, click Buy DB Instance.
5. On the displayed page, select a billing mode, configure information about your DB instance. Then, click Next.
   Figure 1 Billing mode and basic information
   

   RDS provides the following billing modes:

   Yearly/Monthly

   If you select this billing mode, skip 6 and go to 7.

   Pay-per-use

   If you select this billing mode, go to 6.

   Table 1 Basic information

   Parameter	Description
   Region	The region your RDS resources will be located. You can change it on the creation page, or go back to the Instance Management page and change it in the upper left corner. NOTE: Products in different regions cannot communicate with each other through a private network and you cannot change the region of a DB instance after creating the instance. Therefore, exercise caution when selecting a region.
   DB Instance Name	Must start with a letter and consist of 4 to 64 characters. Only letters, digits, hyphens (-), and underscores (_) are allowed. If you intend to create multiple DB instances and read replicas, the length of each DB name will change. If you create multiple DB instances at a time, they will be named with four digits appended to the DB instance name. For example, if you enter instance, the first instance will be named as instance-0001, the second as instance-0002, and so on.
   DB Engine	Set to PostgreSQL.
   DB Engine Version	For details, see DB Engines and Versions. Different DB engine versions are supported in different regions. If you use a PostgreSQL database, select a proper DB engine version based on service requirements. You are advised to select the latest available version because it is more stable, reliable, and secure. PostgreSQL 9.5 will be end of maintenance (EOM) on February 11, 2021. Select a later version.
   DB Instance Type	Primary/Standby: uses the HA architecture with a primary DB instance and a synchronous standby DB instance. It is suitable for production databases of large- and medium-sized enterprises in Internet, Internet of Things (IoT), retail e-commerce sales, logistics, gaming, and other sectors. The standby DB instance improves instance reliability and is invisible to you after being created. An AZ is a physical region where resources use independent power supply and networks. AZs are physically isolated but interconnected through an internal network. Some regions support both single AZs and multiple AZs and some only support single AZs. To achieve higher reliability, RDS will automatically deploy your primary and standby instances in different physical servers even if you deploy primary/standby DB instances in the same AZ. If you attempt to create primary/standby DB instances in the same AZ in a Dedicated Computing Cluster (DCC) and there is only one physical server available, the creation will fail. RDS allows you to deploy primary/standby DB instances in an AZ or across AZs. You can determine whether the standby AZ is the same as the primary AZ. If they are the same (default setting), the primary and standby DB instances are deployed in the same AZ. If they are different, the primary and standby DB instances are deployed in different AZs to ensure failover support and high availability. Single: uses the single-node architecture, which is more cost-effective than mainstream primary/standby DB instances. It is suitable for developing and testing of microsites, and small- and medium-sized enterprises, or for learning about RDS.
   Storage Type	Determines the DB instance read/write speed. The higher the maximum throughput is, the higher the DB instance read/write speed can be. Ultra-high I/O: supports a maximum throughput of 350 MB/s. NOTE: If you select DSS for Resource Type, only the storage type that you have selected when buying the DSS service is displayed by default.
   Time Zone	Select a time zone when you are creating a DB instance, and you can change it after the DB instance is created.

   Figure 2 DB instance specifications
   

   Table 2 Instance specifications

   Parameter	Description
   Instance Class	Refers to the CPU and memory of a DB instance. Different instance classes have different numbers of database connections and different maximum IOPS. For details about instance classes, see DB Instance Classes. After a DB instance is created, you can change its CPU and memory. For details, see Changing a DB Instance Class. NOTE: DB instances in a DCC only support the general-enhanced instance class.
   Resource Type	EVS DSS NOTE: This option is displayed only when you buy the DSS service.
   Storage Pool	Displayed only when you select DSS for Resource Type. The storage pool is secure because it is physically isolated from other pools.
   Storage Space (GB)	Contains the file system overhead required for inode, reserved block, and database operation. Can range in size from 40 GB to 4,000 GB and can be scaled up only by a multiple of 10 GB. After a DB instance is created, you can scale up its storage space. For details, see Scaling Up Storage Space.
   Disk Encryption	Disabled: indicates the encryption function is disabled. Enabled: indicates the encryption function is enabled, improving data security but affecting system performance. Key Name: indicates the tenant key. You can create or select a key. NOTE: Once the DB instance is created, you cannot modify the disk encryption status or change the key. The backup data stored in OBS is not encrypted. After an RDS DB instance is created, do not disable or delete the key that is being used. Otherwise, RDS will be unavailable and data cannot be restored. For details about how to create a key, see the "Creating a CMK" section in the Data Encryption Workshop User Guide.

   Table 3 Database Security Service

   Parameter

   Description

   DBSS

   Prevents database attacks, ensuring database security on the cloud. After you subscribe to Database Security Service (DBSS), you cannot buy DB instances in patches. Only DB instances of certain specifications support the purchase of RDS and DBSS together. The DBSS administrator is admin, and the password is the same as that of the RDS root user. After you subscribe to DBSS, log in to the DBSS console, associate an EIP with the DBSS instance and configure security protection.

   Figure 3 Network and database configuration
   

   Table 4 Network

   Parameter	Description
   VPC	A dedicated virtual network in which your RDS DB instances are located. A VPC can isolate networks for different services. You can select an existing VPC or create a VPC. For details on how to create a VPC, see the "Creating a VPC" section in the Virtual Private Cloud User Guide. If no VPC is available, RDS allocates a VPC for you by default. NOTICE: After the DB instance is created, the VPC cannot be changed.
   Subnet	Improves network security by providing dedicated network resources that are logically isolated from other networks. Subnets take effect only within an AZ. The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) function is enabled by default for subnets in which you plan to create RDS DB instances and cannot be disabled. A floating IP address is automatically assigned when you create a DB instance. You can also enter an unused floating IP address in the subnet CIDR block. After the DB instance is created, you can change the floating IP address.
   Security Group	Controls the access that traffic has in and out of a DB instance. By default, the security group associated with the DB instance is authorized. Enhances security by controlling access to RDS from other services. You need to add rules to a security group so that you can connect to your DB instance. If no security group is available, RDS allocates a security group to you by default.

   Table 5 Database configuration

   Parameter	Description
   Password	Configure (default value): Configure the password when you are creating the DB instance. Skip: The system does not set an initial password for you. NOTICE: To log in, you will have to reset a password for the DB instance. After a DB instance is created, you can reset the password. For details, see Resetting the Administrator Password.
   Administrator	The default login name for the database is root.
   Administrator Password	Must consist of 8 to 32 characters and contain at least three types of the following characters: uppercase letters, lowercase letters, digits, and special characters (~!@#%^*-_=+?,). Enter a strong password. Periodically change it to improve security and prevent security risks such as brute force cracking. Keep this password secure. The system cannot retrieve it. After a DB instance is created, you can reset this password. For details, see Resetting the Administrator Password.
   Confirm Password	Must be the same as Administrator Password.
   Parameter Template	Contains engine configuration values that can be applied to one or more DB instances. If you intend to create primary/standby DB instances, they use the same parameter template. You can modify instance parameters as required after the DB instance is created. NOTICE: If you use a custom parameter template when creating a DB instance, the following specification-related parameters in the custom template are not delivered. Instead, the default values are used. maintenance_work_mem shared_buffers max_connections effective_cache_size You can modify the instance parameters as required after the DB instance is created. For details, see section Modifying Parameters in a Parameter Template.
   Enterprise Project	If the DB instance has been associated with an enterprise project, select the target project from the Enterprise Project drop-down list. You can also go to the ProjectMan console to create a project. For details about how to create a project, see the ProjectMan User Guide.

   Table 6 Tags

   Parameter	Description
   Tag	Tags an RDS DB instance. This configuration is optional. Adding tags to RDS DB instances helps you better identify and manage the DB instances. A maximum of 10 tags can be added for each DB instance. After a DB instance is created, you can view its tag details on the Tags page. For detailed operations, see Managing Tags.

   Table 7 Purchase period

   Parameter	Description
   Required Duration	This option is available only for yearly/monthly DB instances. The system will automatically calculate the configuration fee based on the selected required duration. The longer the required duration is, the larger discount you will enjoy.
   Auto-renew	This option is available only for yearly/monthly DB instances and is not selected by default. If you select this option, the auto-renew cycle is determined by the selected required duration.
   Quantity	RDS supports batch creation of DB instances. If you intend to create primary/standby DB instances and set Quantity to 1, a primary DB instance and a synchronous standby DB instance will be created.

   If you have any questions about the price, click Pricing details at the bottom of the page.

   

   The performance of your DB instance depends on its configurations. Hardware configuration items include the instance specifications, storage type, and storage space.

6. Confirm the specifications for pay-per-use DB instances.
   Figure 4 Specifications confirmation
   
   • If you need to modify your settings, click Previous.
   • If you do not need to modify your settings, click Submit.

   Skip 7 and 8 and go to 9.

7. Confirm the order for yearly/monthly DB instances.
   Figure 5 Order confirmation
   
   • If you need to modify your settings, click Previous.
   • If you do not need to modify your settings, click Pay Now.

8. Select a payment method and complete the payment.
   

   This operation applies only to the yearly/monthly billing mode.

9. To view and manage the DB instance, go to the Instance Management page.
   • During the creation process, the DB instance status is Creating.
   • To refresh the DB instance list, click in the upper right corner of the list. When the creation process is complete, the instance status will change to Available.
   • The automated backup policy is enabled by default. After the DB instance is created, you can modify the policy as needed. An automated full backup is immediately triggered after a DB instance is created.
   • After a DB instance is created, you can enter a description for it.
   • The default database port is 5432. After a DB instance is created, you can change the database port.
     

     You are advised to change the database port in a timely manner.

     For details, see Changing the Database Port.

Related Operations

Creating a DB Instance Using an API