使用游标
使用游标可以检索出多行的结果集,应用程序必须声明一个游标并且从游标中抓取每一行数据。
- 声明一个游标:
EXEC SQL DECLARE c CURSOR FOR select * from tb1;;
- 打开游标:
EXEC SQL OPEN c;
- 从游标中抓取一行数据:
EXEC SQL FETCH 1 in c into :a, :str;
- 关闭游标:
EXEC SQL CLOSE c;
在开启GUC参数enable_ecpg_cursor_duplicate_operation(默认开启)的情况下,ECPG连接A兼容数据库时,允许通过如下方式重复打开/关闭游标:
EXEC SQL OPEN c; EXEC SQL OPEN c; EXEC SQL CLOSE c; EXEC SQL CLOSE c;
更多游标的使用细节请参见DECLARE,关于FETCH命令的细节请参见FETCH。
#include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main(void) { exec sql begin declare section; int *a = NULL; char *str = NULL; exec sql end declare section; int count = 0; /* 提前创建好testdb */ exec sql connect to testdb ; exec sql set autocommit to off; exec sql begin; exec sql drop table if exists tb1; exec sql create table tb1(id int, info text); exec sql insert into tb1 (id, info) select generate_series(1, 100000), 'test'; exec sql select count(*) into :a from tb1; printf ("a is %d\n", *a); exec sql commit; // 定义游标 exec sql declare c cursor for select * from tb1; // 打开游标 exec sql open c; exec sql whenever not found do break; while(1) { // 抓取数据 exec sql fetch 1 in c into :a, :str; count++; if (count == 100000) { printf("Fetch res: a is %d, str is %s", *a, str); } } // 关闭游标 exec sql close c; exec sql set autocommit to on; exec sql drop table tb1; exec sql disconnect; ECPGfree_auto_mem(); return 0; }
WHERE CURRENT OF cursor_name
cursor_name:指定游标的名称。
当cursor指向表的某一行时,可以使用此语法更新或删除cursor当前指向的行。使用限制及约束请参考UPDATE章节对此语法介绍。
#include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main(void) { exec sql begin declare section; int va; int vb; exec sql end declare section; int count = 0; /* 提前创建好testdb */ exec sql connect to testdb ; exec sql set autocommit to off; exec sql begin; exec sql drop table if exists t1; exec sql create table t1(c1 int, c2 int); exec sql insert into t1 values(generate_series(1,10000), generate_series(1,10000)); exec sql commit; exec sql declare cur1 cursor for select * from t1 where c1 < 100 for update; /* 打开游标 */ exec sql open cur1; exec sql fetch 1 in cur1 into :va, :vb; printf("c1:%d, c2:%d\n", va, vb); /* 使用where current of删除当前行 */ exec sql delete t1 where current of cur1; exec sql fetch 1 in cur1 into :va, :vb; exec sql fetch 1 in cur1 into :va, :vb; printf("c1:%d, c2:%d\n", va, vb); /* 使用where current of更新当前行 */ exec sql update t1 set c2 = 21 where current of cur1; exec sql select c2 into :vb from t1 where c1 = :va; printf("c1:%d, c2:%d\n", va, vb); /* 关闭游标 */ exec sql close cur1; exec sql set autocommit to on; exec sql drop table t1; exec sql disconnect; ECPGfree_auto_mem(); return 0; }