创建表
本章节主要介绍Doris创建表的SQL基本语法和使用说明。
基本语法
CREATE TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] [database.]table
(
column_definition_list,
[index_definition_list]
)
[engine_type]
[keys_type]
[table_comment]
[partition_info]
distribution_desc
[rollup_list]
[properties]
[extra_properties]
使用示例
- 创建一个名为table1的普通表:
CREATE TABLE example_db.table1
(
k1 TINYINT,
k2 DECIMAL(10, 2) DEFAULT "10.5",
k3 CHAR(10) COMMENT "string column",
k4 INT NOT NULL DEFAULT "1" COMMENT "int column"
)
COMMENT "table comment"
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(k1) BUCKETS 32;
- 创建一个名为table2的分区表。
使用event_day列作为分区列,建立3个分区:p201706、p201707、p201708,取值为:
- p201706:范围为 [最小值, 2017-07-01)
- p201707:范围为 [2017-07-01, 2017-08-01)
- p201708:范围为 [2017-08-01, 2017-09-01)
每个分区使用siteid进行哈希分桶,桶数为10。
创建表命令如下:
CREATE TABLE table2
(
event_day DATE,
siteid INT DEFAULT '10',
citycode SMALLINT,
username VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT '',
pv BIGINT SUM DEFAULT '0'
)
AGGREGATE KEY(event_day, siteid, citycode, username)
PARTITION BY RANGE(event_day)
(
PARTITION p201706 VALUES LESS THAN ('2017-07-01'),
PARTITION p201707 VALUES LESS THAN ('2017-08-01'),
PARTITION p201708 VALUES LESS THAN ('2017-09-01')
)
DISTRIBUTED BY HASH(siteid) BUCKETS 10
PROPERTIES("replication_num" = "1");
- 以上创建表设置replication_num建的都是单副本表,Doris建议采用默认的3副本设置,以保证高可用。
- 可以对Table增加上卷表(Rollup)以提高查询性能。
- 表的列的Null属性默认为true,会对查询性能有一定的影响。
- Doris表必须指定分桶列。
- 查看表内容:
- SHOW TABLES;
+----------------------+ | Tables_in_example_db | +----------------------+ | table1 | | table2 | +----------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
- DESC table1;
+----------+-------------+------+-------+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +----------+-------------+------+-------+---------+-------+ | siteid | int(11) | Yes | true | 10 | | | citycode | smallint(6) | Yes | true | N/A | | | username | varchar(32) | Yes | true | | | | pv | bigint(20) | Yes | false | 0 | SUM | +----------+-------------+------+-------+---------+-------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- DESC table2;
+-----------+-------------+------+-------+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-----------+-------------+------+-------+---------+-------+ | event_day | date | Yes | true | N/A | | | siteid | int(11) | Yes | true | 10 | | | citycode | smallint(6) | Yes | true | N/A | | | username | varchar(32) | Yes | true | | | | pv | bigint(20) | Yes | false | 0 | SUM | +-----------+-------------+------+-------+---------+-------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- SHOW TABLES;