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更新时间：2023-09-13 GMT+08:00
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Python客户端使用说明

本文以Linux CentOS环境为例，介绍Python版本的RabbitMQ客户端连接指导，包括RabbitMQ客户端安装，以及生产、消费消息。

使用前请参考收集连接信息收集RabbitMQ所需的连接信息。

准备环境

  • Python

    一般系统预装了Python。在命令行输入python，得到如下回显，说明Python已安装。

    [root@ecs-test python]# python3
Python 3.7.1 (default, Jul  5 2020, 14:37:24) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

    如果未安装Python，请使用以下命令安装：

    yum install python

  • Python版的RabbitMQ客户端，本文使用pika作为连接RabbitMQ的客户端

    执行以下命令，安装推荐版本的pika：

    pip install pika

    如果无法使用pip命令安装pika，建议改用pip3命令安装pika：

    pip3 install pika

生产消息

以下加粗内容需要替换为实例自有信息，请根据实际情况替换。

  • SSL认证方式 
    import pika
import ssl

# 连接信息
conf = {
    'host': 'ip',
    'port': 5671,
    'queue_name': 'queue-test',
    'username': 'root',
    'password': 'password'
}

context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2)
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(conf['username'], conf['password'])
parameters = pika.ConnectionParameters(conf['host'],
                                       conf['port'],
                                       '/',
                                       credentials,
                                       ssl_options=pika.SSLOptions(context))

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(parameters)
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(conf['queue_name'])
data = bytes('Hello World!', encoding='utf-8')
channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                      routing_key=conf['queue_name'],
                      body=data)

print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")

connection.close()
  • 非SSL认证方式 
    import pika

# 连接信息
conf = {
    'host': 'ip',
    'port': 5672,
    'queue_name': 'queue-test',
    'username': 'root',
    'password': 'password'
}

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(conf['username'], conf['password'])
parameters = pika.ConnectionParameters(conf['host'],
                                       conf['port'],
                                       '/',
                                       credentials)

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(parameters)
channel = connection.channel()

channel.queue_declare(conf['queue_name'])

data = bytes("Hello World!", encoding="utf-8")

channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                      routing_key=conf['queue_name'],
                      body=data)

print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")

connection.close()

消费消息

以下加粗内容需要替换为实例自有信息，请根据实际情况替换。

  • SSL认证方式 
    import pika
import ssl

# 连接信息
conf = {
    'host': 'ip',
    'port': 5671,
    'queue_name': 'queue-test',
    'username': 'root',
    'password': 'password'
}

context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2)
credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(conf['username'], conf['password'])
parameters = pika.ConnectionParameters(conf['host'],
                                       conf['port'],
                                       '/',
                                       credentials,
                                       ssl_options=pika.SSLOptions(context))

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(parameters)
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(conf['queue_name'])


def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] Received %r" % body.decode('utf-8'))


channel.basic_consume(queue=conf['queue_name'], on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)

print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()
  • 非SSL认证方式 
    import pika

# 连接信息
conf = {
    'host': 'ip',
    'port': 5672,
    'queue_name': 'queue-test',
    'username': 'root',
    'password': 'password'
}

credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(conf['username'], conf['password'])
parameters = pika.ConnectionParameters(conf['host'],
                                       conf['port'],
                                       '/',
                                       credentials)

connection = pika.BlockingConnection(parameters)
channel = connection.channel()
channel.queue_declare(conf['queue_name'])


def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
    print(" [x] Received %r" % body.decode('utf-8'))


channel.basic_consume(queue=conf['queue_name'], on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)

print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
channel.start_consuming()