文档首页/ 虚拟私有云 VPC/ API参考/ 应用示例/ 示例三:配置云服务器高可用的虚拟IP功能
更新时间:2024-10-31 GMT+08:00

示例三:配置云服务器高可用的虚拟IP功能

操作场景

虚拟IP主要用在弹性云服务器的主备切换,达到高可用性的目的。当主服务器发生故障无法对外提供服务时,动态将虚拟IP切换到备服务器,继续对外提供服务。

本章节指导用户通过调用一系列虚拟IP相关API,使应用具备高可用性。

前提条件

  • 已创建VPC和子网,并获取VPC和子网的ID,具体请参见创建VPC和子网
  • 已创建弹性云服务器,具体请参见创建ECS
  • 当您使用Token认证方式完成认证鉴权时,需要获取用户Token并在调用接口时增加“X-Auth-Token”到业务接口请求消息头中。Token认证,具体操作请参考认证鉴权

通过IAM服务获取到的Token有效期为24小时,需要使用同一个Token鉴权时,可以先将Token缓存,避免频繁调用。

操作步骤

  1. 创建虚拟IP。
    1. 发送“POST https://VPC的Endpoint/v2.0/ports”。
    2. 在Request Header中增加“X-Auth-Token”。
    3. 在Request Body中传入参数如下,其中vip所在子网需与ECS同子网。
      {
      	"port": {
      		"network_id": "4779ab1c-7c1a-44b1-a02e-93dfc361b32d",
      		"device_owner": "neutron:VIP_PORT",
      		"name": "vip_port_test"
      	}
      }

      或者如下,可以指定IP创建:

      {
      	"port": {
      		"network_id": "4779ab1c-7c1a-44b1-a02e-93dfc361b32d",
      		"device_owner": "neutron:VIP_PORT",
      		"name": "vip_port_test",
      		"fixed_ips": [
      			{
      				"ip_address": "192.168.0.220"
      			}
      		]
      	}
      }
    4. 查看请求响应结果。
      • 请求成功时,响应参数如下:
        {
        	"port": {
        		"id": "a7d98f3c-b42f-460b-96a1-07601e145961",
        		"name": "port-test",
        		"status": "DOWN",
        		"admin_state_up": true,
        		"fixed_ips": [{
        			"subnet_id": "213cb9d-3122-2ac1-1a29-91ffc1231a12",
        			"ip_address": "192.168.0.220"
        		}],
        		"mac_address": "fa:16:3e:01:f7:90",
        		"network_id": "4779ab1c-7c1a-44b1-a02e-93dfc361b32d",
        		"tenant_id": "db82c9e1415a464ea68048baa8acc6b8",
        		"project_id": "db82c9e1415a464ea68048baa8acc6b8",
        		"device_id": "",
        		"device_owner": "neutron:VIP_PORT",
        		"security_groups": ["d0d58aa9-cda9-414c-9c52-6c3daf8534e6"],
        		"extra_dhcp_opts": [],
        		"allowed_address_pairs": [],
        		"binding:vnic_type": "normal",
        		"binding:vif_details": {},
        		"binding:profile": {},
        		"port_security_enabled": true,
        		"created_at": "2018-09-20T01:45:26",
        		"updated_at": "2018-09-20T01:45:26"
        	}
        }
      • 请求异常时,错误码请参见错误码
  2. 通过云服务器的ID查询网卡信息。
    1. 发送“GET https://VPC的Endpoint/v2.0/ports?device_id={ecs_id}&network_id={network_id}”
    2. 在Request Header中增加“X-Auth-Token”。
    3. 查看请求响应结果。
      • 请求成功时,响应参数如下:
        {
        	"ports": [{
        		"id": "02c72193-efec-42fb-853b-c33f2b802467",
        		"name": "",
        		"status": "ACTIVE",
        		"admin_state_up": true,
        		"fixed_ips": [{
        			"subnet_id": "213cb9d-3122-2ac1-1a29-91ffc1231a12",
        			"ip_address": "192.168.0.75"
        		}],
        		"mac_address": "fa:16:3e:47:5f:c1",
        		"network_id": "4779ab1c-7c1a-44b1-a02e-93dfc361b32d",
        		"tenant_id": "db82c9e1415a464ea68048baa8acc6b8",
        		"project_id": "db82c9e1415a464ea68048baa8acc6b8",
        		"device_id": "ea61f836-b52f-41bf-9d06-685644001d6f",
        		"device_owner": "compute:br-iaas-odin1a",
        		"security_groups": [
        			"e0598d96-9451-4f8a-8de0-b8b4d451d9e7"
        		],
        		"extra_dhcp_opts": [],
        		"allowed_address_pairs": [],
        		"binding:vnic_type": "normal",
        		"binding:vif_details": {
        			"primary_interface": true
        		},
        		"binding:profile": {},
        		"port_security_enabled": true,
        		"created_at": "2020-06-20T08:07:29",
        		"updated_at": "2020-06-20T08:07:29"
        	}]
        }
      • 请求异常时,错误码请参见错误码
  3. 将云服务器与虚拟IP绑定。
    1. 发送“PUT https://VPC的Endpoint/v2.0/ports/{port_id}”。port_id为上面创建的虚拟IP对应的port_id。
    2. 在Request Header中增加“X-Auth-Token”。
    3. 在Request Body中传入参数如下,ip_address为2查询出的云服务器的网卡ip。
      {
      	"port": {
      		"allowed_address_pairs": [{
      			"ip_address": "192.168.0.75"
      		}]
      	}
      }
    4. 查看请求响应结果。
      • 请求成功时,响应参数如下:
        {
        	"port": {
        		"id": "a7d98f3c-b42f-460b-96a1-07601e145961",
        		"name": "port-test",
        		"status": "DOWN",
        		"admin_state_up": true,
        		"fixed_ips": [{
        			"subnet_id": "213cb9d-3122-2ac1-1a29-91ffc1231a12",
        			"ip_address": "192.168.0.220"
        		}],
        		"mac_address": "fa:16:3e:01:f7:90",
        		"network_id": "4779ab1c-7c1a-44b1-a02e-93dfc361b32d",
        		"tenant_id": "db82c9e1415a464ea68048baa8acc6b8",
        		"project_id": "db82c9e1415a464ea68048baa8acc6b8",
        		"device_id": "",
        		"device_owner": "neutron:VIP_PORT",
        		"security_groups": ["d0d58aa9-cda9-414c-9c52-6c3daf8534e6"],
        		"extra_dhcp_opts": [],
        		"allowed_address_pairs": [{
        			"ip_address": "192.168.0.75"
        		}]
        		"binding:vnic_type": "normal",
        		"binding:vif_details": {},
        		"binding:profile": {},
        		"port_security_enabled": true,
        		"created_at": "2018-09-20T01:45:26",
        		"updated_at": "2018-09-20T01:45:26"
        	}
        }
      • 请求异常时,错误码请参见错误码
  4. 关闭云服务器网卡的源/目的检查。
    1. 发送“PUT https://VPC的Endpoint/v2.0/ports/{port_id}”。port_id为2查询到的网卡ID。
    2. 在Request Header中增加“X-Auth-Token”。
    3. 在Request Body中传入参数如下:ip_address为1.1.1.1/0查询出的云服务器的网卡ip。
      {
      	"port": {
      		"allowed_address_pairs": [{
      			"ip_address": "1.1.1.1/0"
      		}]
      	}
      }
    4. 查看请求响应结果。
      • 请求成功时,响应参数如下:
        {
        	"port": {
        		"id": "02c72193-efec-42fb-853b-c33f2b802467",
        		"name": "",
        		"status": "ACTIVE",
        		"admin_state_up": true,
        		"fixed_ips": [{
        			"subnet_id": "213cb9d-3122-2ac1-1a29-91ffc1231a12",
        			"ip_address": "192.168.0.75"
        		}],
        		"mac_address": "fa:16:3e:47:5f:c1",
        		"network_id": "4779ab1c-7c1a-44b1-a02e-93dfc361b32d",
        		"tenant_id": "db82c9e1415a464ea68048baa8acc6b8",
        		"project_id": "db82c9e1415a464ea68048baa8acc6b8",
        		"device_id": "ea61f836-b52f-41bf-9d06-685644001d6f",
        		"device_owner": "compute:br-iaas-odin1a",
        		"security_groups": ["e0598d96-9451-4f8a-8de0-b8b4d451d9e7"],
        		"extra_dhcp_opts": [],
        		"allowed_address_pairs": [{
        			"ip_address": "1.1.1.1/0"
        		}],
        		"binding:vnic_type": "normal",
        		"binding:vif_details": {
        			"primary_interface": true
        		},
        		"binding:profile": {},
        		"port_security_enabled": true,
        		"created_at": "2020-06-20T08:07:29",
        		"updated_at": "2020-06-20T08:07:29"
        	}
        }
      • 请求异常时,错误码请参见错误码