How Do I Analyze the Root Cause of Incorrect Outputs of a Foundation Model?

The output process of a foundation model is usually a black box, involving billion- or even 100-billion-parameter calculation. Although these parameters work together to generate the output, the specific decision-making mechanism is not transparent

You can guide the model to output the thinking process using prompts or ask the model about its thinking process to help us analyze the root cause of the error. Example:

"I notice that you made the mistake of xxx. Please explain why you came to this conclusion."

Through the explanation of the model, we can infer the cause of the error and adjust the prompts accordingly to avoid similar errors.