HAVING

Updated on 2024-07-04 GMT+08:00

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Function

This statement is used to embed a subquery in the HAVING clause. The subquery result is used as a part of the HAVING clause.

Syntax

    
       SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT] attr_expr_list FROM table_reference
  GROUP BY groupby_expression
  HAVING aggregate_func(col_name) operator (sub_query);

Keyword

All is used to return repeated rows. By default, all repeated rows are returned. It is followed by asterisks (*) only. Otherwise, an error will occur.
DISTINCT is used to remove the repeated line from the result.

The groupby_expression can contain a single field or multiple fields, and also can call aggregate functions or string functions.
The operator includes the equation and inequation operators, and IN and NOT IN operators.

Precautions

The to-be-queried table must exist. If this statement is used to query a table that does not exist, an error is reported.
The sequence of sub_query and the aggregate function cannot be changed.

Example

To group the student_info table according to the name field, count the records of each group, and return the number of records in which the name fields in the student_info table equal to the name fields in the course_info table if the two tables have the same number of records, run the following statement:

    
       SELECT name FROM student_info
  GROUP BY name
  HAVING count(name) = (SELECT count(*) FROM course_info);

Parent topic: Clauses

Previous topic: WHERE

Next topic: Multi-Layer Nested Subquery

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