Using CSS to Accelerate Database Query and Analysis

Overview

Elasticsearch is used as a supplement to relational databases, such as MySQL and GaussDB(for MySQL), to improve the full-text search and high-concurrency ad hoc query capabilities of the databases.

This chapter describes how to synchronize data from a MySQL database to CSS to accelerate full-text search and ad hoc query and analysis. The following figure shows the solution process.

Figure 1 Using CSS to accelerate database query and analysis

Service data is stored in the MySQL database.
DRS synchronizes data from MySQL to CSS in real time.
CSS is used for full-text search and data query and analysis.

Prerequisites

A CSS cluster and a MySQL database in security mode have been created, and they are in the same VPC and security group.

Data to be synchronized exists in the MySQL database. This section uses the following table structure and initial data as an example.

Create a student information table in MySQL.

CREATE TABLE `student` (
  `dsc` varchar(100) COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci DEFAULT NULL,
  `age` smallint unsigned DEFAULT NULL,
  `name` varchar(32) COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `id` int unsigned NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_general_ci;

Insert the initial data of three students into the MySQL database.

INSERT INTO student (id,name,age,dsc)
VALUES 
('1','Jack Ma Yun','50','Jack Ma Yun is a business magnate, investor and philanthropist.'),
('2','will smith','22','also known by his stage name the Fresh Prince, is an American actor, rapper, and producer.'),
('3','James Francis Cameron','68','the director of avatar');

Indexes have been created in the CSS cluster and match the table indexes in the MySQL database.

The following is an example of the indexes in the cluster in this chapter:

PUT student
{
  "settings": {
    "number_of_replicas": 0,
    "number_of_shards": 3
	},
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "id": {
        "type": "keyword"
		},
      "name": {
        "type": "short"
		},
      "age": {
        "type": "short"
		},
      "desc": {
        "type": "text"
		}
    }
  }
}

Configure number_of_shards and number_of_replicas as needed.

Procedure

Use DRS to synchronize MySQL data to CSS in real time. For details, see .

In this example, configure the parameters by following the suggestions in Table 1.

**Table 1** Synchronization parameters
Module	Parameter	Suggestion
Create Synchronization Instance > Synchronize Instance Details	Network Type	Select VPC.
	Source DB Instance	Select the RDS for MySQL instance to be synchronized, that is, the MySQL database that stores service data.
	Synchronization Instance Subnet	Select the subnet where the synchronization instance is located. You are advised to select the subnet where the database instance and the CSS cluster are located.
Configure Source and Destination Databases > Destination Database	VPC and Subnet	Select the VPC and subnet of the CSS cluster.
	IP Address or Domain Name	Enter the IP address of the CSS cluster. For details, see Obtaining the IP address of a CSS cluster.
	Database Username and Database Password	Enter the administrator username (admin) and password of the CSS cluster.
	Encryption Certificate	Select the security certificate of the CSS cluster. If SSL Connection is not enabled, you do not need to select any certificate. For details, see Obtaining the security certificate of a CSS cluster.
Set Synchronization Task	Flow Control	Select No.
	Synchronization Object Type	Deselect Table structure, because the indexes matching MySQL tables have been created in the CSS cluster.
	Synchronization Object	Select Tables. Select the database and table name corresponding to CSS. NOTE: Ensure the type name in the configuration item is the same as the index name, that is, _doc.
Process Data	-	Click Next.

After the synchronization task is started, wait until the Status of the task changes from Full synchronization to Incremental, indicating real-time synchronization has started.

Check the synchronization status of the database.
1. Verify full data synchronization.
  Run the following command in Kibana of CSS to check whether full data has been synchronized to CSS:
```
GET student/_search
```
2. Insert new data in the source cluster and check whether the data is synchronized to CSS.
  For example, insert a record whose id is 4 in the source cluster.
```
INSERT INTO student (id,name,age,dsc)
VALUES 
('4','Bill Gates','50','Gates III is an American business magnate, software developer, investor, author, and philanthropist.')
```
  Run the following command in Kibana of CSS to check whether new data is synchronized to CSS:
```
GET student/_search
```
3. Update data in the source cluster and check whether the data is synchronized to CSS.
  For example, in the record whose id is 4, change the value of age from 50 to 55.
```
UPDATE student set age='55' WHERE id=4;
```
  Run the following command in Kibana of CSS to check whether the data is updated in CSS:
```
GET student/_search
```
4. Delete data from the source cluster and check whether the data is deleted synchronously from CSS.
  For example, delete the record whose id is 4.
```
DELETE FROM student WHERE id=4;
```
  Run the following command in Kibana of CSS to check whether the data is deleted synchronously from CSS:
```
GET student/_search
```
Verify the full-text search capability of the database.

For example, run the following command to query the data that contains avatar in dsc in CSS:
```
GET student/_search
{
  "query": {
    "match": {
      "dsc": "avatar"
    }
  }
}
```

Verify the ad hoc query capability of the database.

For example, query philanthropist whose age is greater than 40 in CSS.

GET student/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": [
        {
          "match": {
            "dsc": "philanthropist"
          }
        },
        {
          "range": {
            "age": {
              "gte": 40
            }
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Verify the statistical analysis capability of the database.

For example, use CSS to collect statistics on the age distributions of all users.

GET student/_search
{
  "size": 0, 
  "query": {
    "match_all": {}
  },
  "aggs": {
    "age_count": {
      "terms": {
        "field": "age",
        "size": 10
      }
    }
  }
}

Other Operations

Obtaining the IP address of a CSS cluster
1. In the navigation pane on the left, choose Clusters.
2. In the cluster list, locate a cluster, and obtain the IP address of the CSS cluster from the Private Network Address column. Generally, the IP address format is <host>:<port> or <host>:<port>,<host>:<port>.
  If the cluster has only one node, the IP address and port number of only one node are displayed, for example, 10.62.179.32:9200. If the cluster has multiple nodes, the IP addresses and port numbers of all nodes are displayed, for example, 10.62.179.32:9200,10.62.179.33:9200.
Obtaining the security certificate of a CSS cluster
1. Log in to the CSS management console.
2. In the navigation pane, choose Clusters. The cluster list is displayed.
3. Click the name of a cluster to go to the cluster details page.
4. On the Configuration page, click Download Certificate next to HTTPS Access.