Help Center/ Object Storage Service/ Tools Guide/ obsutil/ Object Commands/ Synchronously Copying Incremental Objects
Updated on 2024-12-11 GMT+08:00
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Synchronously Copying Incremental Objects

Function

This function synchronizes all objects in the specified path in the source bucket with objects in the specified path in the destination bucket to keep data consistency. Incremental synchronization has the following meanings: (1) Increment: Compare the source object with the target object and copy only the source object that has changes. (2) Synchronization: After the command is executed, ensure that the specified path of the source bucket is a subset of the target bucket. That is, any object in the specified path of the source bucket has its corresponding object in the target bucket.

  • Do not change the source objects in the OBS bucket when synchronously copying objects. Otherwise, the synchronization may fail or data may be inconsistent.
  • If the storage class of the object to be copied is cold, you must restore the object to be copied first. Otherwise, the copy fails.
  • To copy objects, you must have the read permission on the objects to be copied and the write permission on the destination bucket.
  • If the client-side cross-region replication function is not enabled, ensure that the source bucket and destination bucket are in the same region.
  • Each object can be synchronously copied only when it does not exist in the destination bucket, its size is different from the namesake one in the destination bucket, or it has the latest modification time.
  • If the source bucket is a parallel file system (supporting POSIX), the destination bucket cannot be an object storage bucket.

When you compare each local file with data in the bucket, a billable HEAD request is generated. For details, see Requests.

Command Line Structure

  • In Windows 
    obsutil sync obs://srcbucket[/key] obs://dstbucket[/dest] [-dryRun] [-crr] [-vlength] [-vmd5] [-j=1] [-p=1] [-threshold=52428800] [-acl=xxx] [-sc=xxx] [-meta=aaa:bbb#ccc:ddd] [-ps=auto] [-include=*.xxx] [-exclude=*.xxx] [-timeRange=time1-time2] [-mf] [-o=xxx] [-cpd=xxx] [-config=xxx] [-e=xxx] [-i=xxx] [-k=xxx] [-t=xxx]
  • In Linux or macOS 
    ./obsutil sync obs://srcbucket[/key] obs://dstbucket[/dest] [-dryRun] [-crr] [-vlength] [-vmd5] [-j=1] [-p=1] [-threshold=52428800] [-acl=xxx] [-sc=xxx] [-meta=aaa:bbb#ccc:ddd] [-ps=auto] [-include=*.xxx] [-exclude=*.xxx] [-timeRange=time1-time2] [-mf] [-o=xxx] [-cpd=xxx] [-config=xxx] [-e=xxx] [-i=xxx] [-k=xxx] [-t=xxx]

The source path and destination path cannot be the same or nested when synchronously copying objects.

Examples

  • Take the Windows OS as an example. Run the obsutil sync obs://bucket-test/temp/ obs://bucket-test2/temp/ command to synchronously copy objects. 
    obsutil sync obs://bucket-test/temp/ obs://bucket-test2/temp 

Start at 2024-09-25 04:48:10.1147483 +0000 UTC

Parallel:      5                   Jobs:          5
Threshold:     50.00MB             PartSize:      auto
CheckpointDir: C:\Users\Administrator\.obsutil_checkpoint

Task id: 104786c8-27c2-48fc-bc6a-5886596fb0e
OutputDir: C:\Users\Administrator\.obsutil_output

[=============================================================] 100.00% 10/s 0s
Succeed count:   5         Failed count:    0
Metrics [max cost:298 ms, min cost:192 ms, average cost:238.00 ms, average tps:9.71, transfered size: 7.20MB]
Task id: 0476929d-9d23-4dc5-b2f8-0a0493f027c5

Parameter Description

Parameter

Optional or Mandatory

Description

srcbucket

Mandatory

Source bucket name

dstbucket

Mandatory

Destination bucket name

dest

Optional

Name prefix of destination objects.

NOTE:

If the value of this parameter does not end with a slash (/), the obsutil tool automatically adds a slash (/) at the end of the configured value as the name prefix of destination objects.

key

Optional

Name prefix of source objects

The rules are as follows:

  • If this parameter is left blank, objects whose name prefix is the value of dest in the destination bucket are the same as all objects in the source bucket.
  • If this parameter is configured, objects whose name prefix is the value of dest in the destination bucket are the same as objects whose name prefix is this configured value in the source bucket.
NOTE:
  • If the value of this parameter does not end with a slash (/), the obsutil tool automatically adds a slash (/) at the end of the configured value as the name prefix of source objects.
  • For details about how to use this parameter, see Synchronous Copy.

dryRun

Optional (additional parameter)

Conducts a dry run.

crr

Optional (additional parameter)

Enables the client-side cross-region replication function. In this mode, data is directly copied to the destination bucket from the source bucket through data stream. The buckets can by any two OBS buckets.

NOTE:
  • If this parameter is configured, ensure that the configuration of client-side cross-region replication is updated in the configuration file. For details, see Updating a Configuration File.
  • The configurations of the source bucket and destination bucket are respectively akCrr/skCrr/tokenCrr/endpointCrr and ak/sk/token/endpoint in the configuration file.
NOTICE:

When cross-region replication is enabled, the upload/download bandwidth, CPU, and memory resources of the host where commands are executed will be occupied, which may deteriorate the host performance.

vlength

Optional (additional parameter)

Verifies whether the object size in the destination bucket is the same as that in the source bucket after the copy task completes.

NOTE:

This parameter must be used together with crr.

vmd5

Optional (additional parameter)

Verifies whether the MD5 value of the destination bucket is the same as that of the source bucket after the copy task completes.

NOTE:
  • This parameter must be used together with crr.
  • Objects in the source bucket must contain metadata x-obs-meta-md5chksum, or MD5 verification will be skipped.

    After the MD5 verification is successful, this parameter value is used for metadata x-obs-meta-md5chksum of the destination object, for later MD5 verification during download or copy.

CAUTION:

If your object needs encryption, do not use this parameter.

p

Optional (additional parameter)

Indicates the maximum number of concurrent multipart copy tasks when copying an object. The default value is the value of defaultParallels in the configuration file.

threshold

Optional (additional parameter)

Indicates the threshold for enabling multipart copy, in bytes. The default value is the value of defaultBigfileThreshold in the configuration file.

NOTE:
  • If the size of the object to be copied is smaller than the threshold, copy the object directly. If not, a multipart copy is required.
  • If you copy an object directly, no part record is generated, and resumable transmission is not supported.
  • This parameter value can contain a unit, for example, 1MB (indicating 1048576 bytes).

acl

Optional (additional parameter)

Access control policies for destination objects that can be specified when copying objects. Possible values are:

  • private
  • public-read
  • public-read-write
  • bucket-owner-full-control
NOTE:

The preceding four values indicate private read and write, public read, public read and write, and bucket owner full control.

sc

Optional (additional parameter)

Storage classes of the destination objects that can be specified when copying objects. Possible values are:

  • standard: Standard storage class. It features low access latency and high throughput, and is applicable to storing frequently accessed data (multiple accesses per month) or data that is smaller than 1 MB.
  • warm: Infrequent Access storage class. It is ideal for storing infrequently accessed (less than 12 times a year) data, but when needed, the access has to be fast.
  • cold: Archive storage class. It provides secure, durable, and inexpensive storage for rarely-accessed (once a year) data.

meta

Optional (additional parameter)

Metadata of destination objects that can be specified when copying objects. This parameter should be configured in the following format: key1:value1#key2:value2#key3:value3.

NOTE:

The format example above indicates that the destination objects contain three groups of custom metadata: key1:value1, key2:value2, and key3:value3.

fs

Optional (additional parameter)

Specifies whether the method of listing parallel file systems is applied. If you are listing parallel file systems, you are recommended to add this parameter.

CAUTION:
  • With this method, the listing time required varies largely depending on the directory structures.
  • After this parameter is enabled, marker and limit will be ignored. Then, the buckets or parallel file systems (including directories) will be calculated.
  • This parameter is only supported by obsutil 5.5.12 and later.

ps

Optional (additional parameter)

Indicates the size of each part in a multipart copy task, in bytes. The value ranges from 100KB to 5GB. The default value is the value of defaultPartSize in the configuration file.

NOTE:
  • This parameter value can contain a unit, for example, 1MB (indicating 1048576 bytes).
  • The parameter can be set to auto. In this case, obsutil automatically sets the part size for each multipart task based on the source object size.

cpd

Optional (additional parameter)

Indicates the folder where the part records reside. The default value is .obsutil_checkpoint, the subfolder in the home directory of the user who executes obsutil commands.

NOTE:

A part record is generated during a multipart copy and saved to the copy subfolder. After the copy succeeds, its part record is deleted automatically. If the copy fails or is suspended, the system attempts to resume the task according to its part record when you perform the copy the next time.

j

Optional for copying objects in batches (additional parameter)

Indicates the maximum number of concurrent tasks for copying objects synchronously. The default value is the value of defaultJobs in the configuration file.

NOTE:

The value is ensured to be greater than or equal to 1.

exclude

Optional for copying objects in batches (additional parameter)

Indicates the matching patterns of source objects that are excluded, for example: *.txt.

NOTE:
  • The asterisk (*) represents any group of characters, and the question mark (?) represents any single character. For instance, abc*.txt indicates any file whose name starts with abc and ends with .txt.
  • You can use \* to represent * and \? to represent ?.
  • If the name of the object to be copied matches the value of this parameter, the object is skipped.
NOTICE:
  • You are advised to use quotation marks for the matching pattern to prevent special characters from being escaped by the OS and leading to unexpected results. Use single quotation marks for Linux or macOS and quotation marks for Windows.
  • The matching pattern applies to the absolute path of an object, including the object name prefix and object name starting from the root directory. For example, if the path of an object in the bucket is obs://bucket/src1/src2/test.txt, then the absolute path of the object is src1/src2/test.txt.
  • This matching pattern applies only to objects whose names do not end with a slash (/).
  • Multiple exclude parameters can be specified, for example, -exclude=*.xxx -exclude=*.xxx.

include

Optional for copying objects in batches (additional parameter)

Indicates the matching patterns of source objects that are included, for example: *.jpg.

NOTE:
  • The asterisk (*) represents any group of characters, and the question mark (?) represents any single character.
  • You can use \* to represent * and \? to represent ?.
  • Only after identifying that the name of the file to be copied does not match the value of exclude, the system checks whether the file name matches the value of this parameter. If yes, the file is copied. If not, the file is skipped.
NOTICE:
  • You are advised to use quotation marks for the matching pattern to prevent special characters from being escaped by the OS and leading to unexpected results. Use single quotation marks for Linux or macOS and quotation marks for Windows.
  • The matching pattern applies to the absolute path of an object, including the object name prefix and object name starting from the root directory. For example, if the path of an object in the bucket is obs://bucket/src1/src2/test.txt, then the absolute path of the object is src1/src2/test.txt.
  • This matching pattern applies only to objects whose names do not end with a slash (/).
  • Multiple include parameters can be specified, for example, -include=*.xxx -include=*.xxx.

timeRange

Optional (additional parameter)

Indicates the time range matching pattern when synchronously copying objects. Only objects whose latest modification time is within the configured time range are copied.

This pattern has a lower priority than the object matching patterns (exclude/include). That is, the time range matching pattern is executed after the configured object matching patterns.

NOTE:
  • The matching time range is represented in time1-time2, where time1 must be earlier than or the same as time2. The time format is yyyyMMddHHmmss.
  • Automatic formatting is supported. For example, yyyyMMdd is equivalent to yyyyMMdd000000, and yyyyMM is equivalent to yyyyMM01000000.
  • If this parameter is set to *-time2, all files whose latest modification time is earlier than time2 are matched. If it is set to time1-*, all files whose latest modification time is later than time1 are matched.
NOTICE:
  • Time in the matching pattern is the UTC time.
  • This matching pattern applies only to objects whose names do not end with a slash (/).

mf

Optional (additional parameter)

Indicates that the name matching pattern (include or exclude) and the time matching pattern (timeRange) also take effect on objects whose names end with a slash (/).

o

Optional (additional parameter)

Indicates the folder where operation result lists reside. After the command is executed, result lists (possibly including success, failure, and warning files) are generated in the folder. The default value is .obsutil_output, the subfolder in the home directory of the user who executes obsutil commands.

NOTE:
  • The naming rule for result lists is as follows: sync_{succeed | failed | warning}_report_time_TaskId.txt

    By default, the maximum size of a single result list is 30 MB and the maximum number of result lists that can be retained is 1024. You can set the maximum size and number by configuring recordMaxLogSize and recordBackups in the configuration file.

  • If there are multiple folders and files and you need to confirm the detailed error information about a failed task, refer to the failure list sync_failed_report_time_TaskId.txt in the result list folder and the log files in the log path.

config

Optional (additional parameter)

User-defined configuration file for executing the current command. To learn the parameters that can be configured in this file, see Configuration Parameters.

e

Optional (additional parameter)

Specifies the endpoint.

i

Optional (additional parameter)

Specifies the user's AK.

k

Optional (additional parameter)

Specifies the user's SK.

t

Optional (additional parameter)

Specifies the user's security token.

Response

Refer to Response for uploading an object.

Parent topic: Object Commands