Application Team

An enterprise usually has multiple business departments. Each business department is responsible for the investment, setup, and O&M of their own business systems, so they usually set up their own application teams. The application teams need to work with different teams in cloud transformation. They need to work with the cloud implementation team to assess the business system conditions, migrate business systems, modernize applications, and test and verify the results. They need to work with the cloud architecture team to design the cloud-based application architecture for business systems based on cloud technologies and cloud services. They also need to work with the cloud O&M team to ensure that business systems run securely and stably in the cloud. Members of an application team usually come from business departments. Since business departments have their own application teams, there may be multiple application teams. These application teams report to the CCoE organization indirectly. An application team usually consists of application architects, application development engineers, application test engineers, and application O&M administrators. The following table lists their responsibilities and skill requirements.

**Table 1** Roles and responsibilities of an application team
Role	Responsibility	Skill Requirements	Source
Application architect	Clarify the benefits of cloud-based business systems, such as business continuity and agility. Develop migration strategies (Rehost, Replatform, and Refactor) and migration sequence for business systems. Work with the cloud implementation team to assess the business system conditions and provide information such as resources, application architecture, deployment architecture, and dependencies. Design and manage the cloud-based application architecture for business systems, including the architecture pattern, technology selection, and deployment mode. Ensure the performance, scalability, security, and reliability of applications. Work closely with data architects and cloud architects to ensure that the application architecture is compatible with the data architecture and cloud architecture. Guide the development team in developing and deploying applications.	Have an in-depth understanding of various application architecture patterns and design patterns, such as microservice architecture and event-driven architecture. Be familiar with various development languages and frameworks. Be familiar with DevOps practices and tools. Excel in code design and development. Understand application security best practices. Excel in communication and teamwork.	Business department
Application development engineer	Migrate existing applications to the cloud platform, including code, data, and database migration. Modernize applications, for example, split monolithic applications into microservices or use serverless and event-driven architectures. Refactor existing code to make it more maintainable, scalable, and testable, and optimize it for the cloud environment, for example, using cloud native services and APIs.	Be proficient in at least one mainstream programming language, such as Java, Python, and Go. Be familiar with DevOps practices and tools. Excel in code design and development. Be familiar with mainstream cloud platforms and cloud services. Be able to effectively communicate and work with other teams.	Business department
Application test engineer	Design test cases and develop test plans for cloud-based business systems. The test cases should cover functions, performance, security, and reliability. Based on the test cases and test plans, select appropriate test tools to comprehensively test the cloud-based business systems, including the functions, performance, security, and reliability. Write and maintain automated test scripts. Write test reports and documents.	Have a solid foundation in test theories, and be familiar with software test theories, methods, and processes. Have extensive testing experience and be familiar with various test types, such as function, performance, security, and reliability tests. Be familiar with mainstream cloud platforms and cloud services. Be proficient in using automated test tools and be able to write automated test scripts. Be able to effectively communicate and work with other teams.	Business department
Application O&M administrator	Deploy, monitor, and maintain cloud-based business systems to ensure that they can run securely and stably. Handle runtime errors of applications and optimize application performance. Work with the development team to update and release application versions. Monitor application logs, and analyze and resolve potential problems.	Be familiar with the APM service on the cloud platform and capable of analyzing performance metrics and logs. Master CI/CD tools and container orchestration tools. Be familiar with common application deployment modes (such as containerization and microservice architecture). Be familiar with the O&M management of common middleware (such as Nginx, Redis, and Kafka).	Business department