Data Planning

Firewalls

Firewalls must meet the requirements listed in the Table 1.

**Table 1** Firewalls
Source Device	Source IP Address	Source Port	Target Device	Target IP Address	Destination Port (Listening)	Protocol	Port Description	Listening Port Configurable	Authentication Mode	Encryption Mode
ucsctl executors	IP address of each ucsctl executor	All	All nodes	IP address of each node	22	TCP	SSH	No	Certificate/Username and password	TLS 1.2
All nodes	IP address of each node	All	NTP server	IP address of the NTP server	123	UDP	NTP	No	None	None
All nodes	IP address of each node	All	DNS server	IP address of the DNS server	53	UDP	DNS	No	None	None
All nodes	IP address of each node	All	Self-built APT repositories	IP address of each APT repository	80/443	TCP	HTTP	No	None	None
All nodes	IP address of each node	All	Load balancer or virtual IP address	IP address of the load balancer or virtual IP address bound to the nodes	5443	TCP	kube-apiserver	No	HTTPS and certificate	TLS 1.2
All nodes	IP address of each node	1024-65535	All nodes	IP address of each node	1024-65535	All	None	No	None	None
All nodes	IP address of each node	All	All nodes	IP address of each node	8472	UDP	VXLAN	No	None	None
Nodes that need to access the Ingress	IP address of each node that needs to access the Ingress	All	Network nodes	IP address of each network node	80, 443, or a specified port	TCP	HTTP	No	HTTPS and certificate	TLS 1.2
All nodes	IP address of each node	All	Three master nodes	IP address of each master node	5444	TCP	kube-apiserver	No	HTTPS and certificate	TLS 1.2
ucsctl executors	IP address of each ucsctl executor	All	Huawei Cloud Object Storage Service (OBS)	IP address of the OBS endpoint	443	TCP	HTTP	No	HTTPS and certificate	TLS 1.2
Three master nodes	IP address of each master node	All	UCS	124.70.21.61 proxyurl.ucs.myhuaweicloud.com	30123	TCP	gRPC	No	HTTPS and certificate	TLS 1.2
Three master nodes	IP address of each master node	All	Identity and Access Management (IAM)	Domain name used by external systems to access IAM	443	TCP	HTTP	No	HTTPS and certificate	TLS 1.2
All nodes	IP address of each node	All	SoftWare Repository for Container (SWR)	IP address of the SWR endpoint	443	TCP	HTTP	No	HTTPS and certificate	TLS 1.2
All nodes	IP address of each node	All	Official Ubuntu repositories/Proxy repositories in China	IP address of each repository	80/443	TCP	HTTP	No	None	None
Monitoring nodes	IP address of each monitoring node	All	Application Operations Management (AOM)	IP address mapping a domain name	443	TCP	HTTP	No	HTTPS and certificate	TLS 1.2
Monitoring nodes	IP address of each monitoring node	All	Log Tank Service (LTS)	IP address mapping a domain name	443	TCP	HTTP	No	HTTPS and certificate	TLS 1.2

Resource Specifications

UCS on-premises clusters are installed in HA mode to meet DR requirements for commercial use. The following tables list resource specifications.

**Table 2** Resource specifications for basic container platform capabilities
Node Type	Quantity	CPU (Cores)	Memory (GiB)	System Disk (GiB)	High-Performance Disk (GiB)	Data Disk (GiB)	Remarks
Cluster manage nodes	3	8	16	100	50	300	A virtual IP address is required for HA.
Cluster compute nodes	As required	2	4	40	-	100	You can increase the number of nodes as required.

**Table 3** Resource specifications for Container Intelligent Analysis (CIA) nodes
Node Type	CPU (Cores)	Memory (GiB)
prometheus node	Requests: 1 Limits: 4	Requests: 2 Limits: 12
log-agent node	Requests: 0.5 Limits: 3	Requests: 1.5 Limits: 2.5

**Table 4** Resource specifications for Operator Service Center (OSC) compute nodes
Node Type	Quantity	CPU (Cores)	Memory (GiB)	System Disk (GiB)	High-Performance Disk (GiB)	Data Disk (GiB)
operator-chef	1	Requests: 0.5 Limits: 2	Requests: 0.5 Limits: 2	N/A	N/A	10 (for storing logs)
helm-operator	1	Requests: 0.3 Limits: 1.5	Requests: 0.3 Limits: 1.5	N/A	N/A	10 (for storing logs)
ops-operator	1	Requests: 0.3 Limits: 1.5	Requests: 0.3 Limits: 1.5	N/A	N/A	10 (for storing logs)

External Dependencies

**Table 5** External dependencies
Dependency	Function
DNS server	The DNS server can resolve the domain names of services such as OBS, SWR, IAM, and DNS. For details about the domain names, see Regions and Endpoints. If a node is accessed over a public network, the node can automatically identify the default DNS settings. You only need to configure a public upstream DNS server in advance. If a node is accessed over a private network, the node cannot identify the default DNS settings. You need to configure the DNS resolution for VPC endpoints in advance. For details, see Preparations. If you have not set up a DNS server, set up it by referring to DNS.
APT or Yum repository	An APT or Yum repository provides dependency packages for installing components such as NTP on nodes (servers) added to on-premises clusters. NOTICE: APT repositories apply to nodes running Ubuntu, and Yum repositories apply to nodes running Huawei Cloud EulerOS or Red Hat.
NTP server	(Optional) An NTP server is used for time synchronization between nodes in a cluster. An external NTP server is recommended.

Disk Volumes

**Table 6** Disk volumes
Node Type	Disk Mount Point	Available Size (GiB)	Used For
Cluster manage nodes	/var/lib/containerd	50	Directory for storing containerd images
	/run/containerd	30	Directory for storing containerd
	/var/paas/run	50	Directory for storing etcd data (SSDs are recommended.)
	/var/paas/sys/log	20	Directory for storing logs
	/mnt/paas	40	Directory where volumes are mounted when containers are running.
	/tmp	20	Directory for storing temporary files
Cluster compute nodes	/var/lib/containerd	100	Directory for storing containerd images
	/run/containerd	50	Directory for storing containerd
	/mnt/paas	50	Directory where volumes are mounted when containers are running.
	/tmp	20	Directory for storing temporary files

Load Balancing

If master nodes in an on-premises cluster are deployed in HA mode for DR, a unified IP address is required for the access from cluster compute nodes and other external services. There are two ways to provide access: virtual IP address and load balancer.

IP addresses

An idle IP address must be planned as a virtual IP address that can be shared by the three master nodes. The virtual IP address is randomly bound to a master node. When the node becomes abnormal, the virtual IP address is automatically switched to another node to ensure HA.

**Table 7** IP addresses
IP Type	IP Address	Used For
Virtual IP address	10.10.11.10 (example)	An IP address used for HA. Plan the IP address based on site requirements.

Load balancers

If you have an external load balancer, on-premises clusters can connect to it for HA. Configurations are as follows:

Listeners: 3 TCP listeners with three different ports (80, 443, and 5443)
Backend server groups: 3 TCP backend server groups with three different ports (corresponding to ports 80, 443, and 5444 of the three master nodes)
Table 8 lists the requirements for the TCP backend server groups associated with the listeners.

**Table 8** Listeners and TCP backend server groups
Listener (Protocol/Port)	Backend Server Group	Backend Server Group Node Mapping and Port
TCP/80	ingress-http	master-01-IP:80	master-02-IP:80	master-03-IP:80
TCP/443	ingress-https	master-01-IP:443	master-02-IP:443	master-03-IP:443
TCP/5443	kube-apiserver	master-01-IP:5444	master-02-IP:5444	master-03-IP:5444

The configuration page varies depending on the external load balancer. Configure the preceding mappings based on site requirements.
Before installing on-premises clusters, configure the mappings between the TCP listeners and TCP backend server groups for the external load balancer and ensure that the external load balancer is available.
The load balancer can route traffic from processes (such as the kubelet process) on all nodes (including master nodes) to three master nodes. In addition, the load balancer can automatically detect and stop routing traffic to unavailable processes, which improves service capabilities and availability. You can also use load balancers provided by other cloud vendors or related hardware devices or use Keepalived and HAProxy to provide HA for master nodes.
Recommended configuration: Enable source IP transparency for the preceding listening ports and disable loop checking. If loop checking cannot be disabled separately, disable source IP transparency. To check whether loop checking exists, perform the following steps:
1. Create an HTTP service on a server that can be accessed over external networks, change default listening port 80 to 88, and add the index.html file for testing.
```
yum install -y httpd
sed -i 's/Listen 80/Listen 88/g' /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
echo "This is a test page" > /var/www/html/index.html
systemctl start httpd
```
  Enter ${IP address of the server}:88 in the address box of a browser. "This is a test page" is displayed.
2. Configure a listening port, for example, 30088, for the load balancer to route traffic to port 88 of the server, and enable source IP transparency.
3. Use the private IP address of the load balancer to access the HTTP service.
```
curl -v ${ELB_IP}:30088
```
  Check whether the HTTP status code is 200. If the status code is not 200, loop checking exists.

Users

**Table 9** Users
User	User Group	User ID	User Group ID	Password	Used For
root	root	0	0	-	Default user used for installing on-premises clusters. You can also specify another user that meets the following requirements: The user password must be the same on all cluster manage nodes. The user has all the permissions of user root. NOTE: After an on-premises cluster is installed, you can change the password or restrict the root permissions.
paas	paas	10000	10000	-	User and user group created during the installation of on-premises clusters and used to run on-premises cluster services. The user name and user group name are in the format of paas:paas, and the user ID and user group ID are in the format of 10000:10000. Ensure that the user name, user group name, user ID, and user group ID are not occupied before the installation. If any of them are occupied, delete the existing one in advance.