Importing Data to HDFS Using sqoop-shell
Scenario
Taking Importing Data from Oracle to HBase as an example, this section introduces how to use the sqoop-shell tool to create and start Loader jobs in the interaction mode and batch mode.
Prerequisites
The Loader client has been installed and configured. For details, see Running a Loader Job by Using Commands.
Example for the Interaction Mode
- Log in to the node where the Loader client is installed as the user who installs the client.
- Run the following command to go to the conf directory of the sqoop-shell tool. For example, if the Loader client installation directory is /opt/client/Loader/, run the following command:
cd /opt/client/Loader/loader-tools-1.99.3/sqoop-shell/conf
- Run the following command to configure authentication information:
vi client.properties
server.url=10.0.0.1:21351 # simple or kerberos authentication.type=simple # true or false use.keytab=true authentication.user= authentication.password= client.principal=oracle/hadoop@<system domain name> # keytab file client.keytab.file=./conf/login/oracle.keytab
Log in to FusionInsight Manager and choose System > Permission > Domain and Mutual Trust. The value of Local Domain is the current system domain name.
Table 1 Configuration parameters Configuration parameters
Description
Example Value
server.url
Floating IP address and port (21351) for Loader.
For compatibility, multiple IP addresses and ports can be configured and need to be separated by commas (,). The first IP address and port must be those of Loader (21351). The others can be configured based on service requirements.
10.0.0.1:21351
authentication.type
Login authentication mode.
- kerberos indicates that the security mode is used and Kerberos authentication is performed. Kerberos authentication provides two authentication modes: the password mode and the keytab file mode.
- simple indicates that the normal mode is used and Kerberos authentication is not performed.
kerberos
authentication.user
User for login when the normal mode or password authentication is used.
In the keytab login mode, this parameter does not need to be set.
bar
authentication.password
User password for login when the password authentication mode is used.
In the normal mode or keytab login mode, this parameter does not need to be set.
The password needs to be encrypted. The encryption method is described as follows:
- Go to the directory where encrypt_tool is located. For example, if the Loader client installation directory is /opt/hadoopclient/Loader, run the following command:
cd /opt/hadoopclient/Loader/loader-tools-1.99.3
- Run the following command to encrypt the non-encrypted password. Commands containing authentication passwords pose security risks. Disable the command recording function (history) before running such commands to prevent information leakage.
./encrypt_tool Unencrypted password
The obtained encrypted password is used as the value of authentication.password.
NOTE:If a non-encrypted password contains special characters, the special characters must be escaped. For example, the dollar sign ($) is a special character and can be escaped using single quotation marks ('). If a non-encrypted password contains single quotation marks, use double quotation marks to escape the single quotation marks. If a non-encrypted password contains double quotation marks, use backslashes (\) to escape the double quotation marks. For details, see the shell escape character rules.
-
use.keytab
Whether to use the keytab mode to log in.
- true indicates using the keytab file to log in.
- false indicates using the password to log in.
true
client.principal
User principal for accessing the Loader service when the keytab authentication mode is used.
In the normal mode or password login mode, this parameter does not need to be set.
loader/hadoop
client.keytab.file
Directory where the used keytab file is located when the keytab authentication mode is used.
In the normal mode or password login mode, this parameter does not need to be set.
/opt/client/conf/loader.keytab
- Run the following command to go to the interaction mode:
source /opt/client/bigdata_env
cd /opt/client/Loader/loader-tools-1.99.3/sqoop-shell
./sqoop2-shell
The preceding commands obtain authentication information by reading the configuration file.
Alternatively, you can also use the password or Kerberos authentication.
Run the following command to authenticate login using the password mode:
./sqoop2-shell -uk false -u username -p encryptedPassword
Commands containing authentication passwords pose security risks. Disable the command recording function (history) before running such commands to prevent information leakage.
Run the following command to authenticate login using the Kerberos mode:
./sqoop2-shell -uk true -k user.keytab -s userPrincipal
Welcome to sqoop client Use the username and password authentication mode Authentication success. Sqoop Shell: Type 'help' or '\h' for help. sqoop:000>
- Run the following command to view the corresponding ID of the current connector:
show connector
The following information is displayed:
| Id | Name | Version | Class | +----+----------------------------+----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+ | 1 | generic-jdbc-connector | 2.0.7-SNAPSHOT | org.apache.sqoop.connector.jdbc.GenericJdbcConnector | | 2 | ftp-connector | 2.0.5-SNAPSHOT | org.apache.sqoop.connector.ftp.FtpConnector | | 3 | hdfs-connector | 2.0.5-SNAPSHOT | org.apache.sqoop.connector.hdfs.HdfsConnector | | 4 | oracle-connector | 2.0.1-SNAPSHOT | org.apache.sqoop.connector.oracle.OracleConnector | | 5 | mysql-fastpath-connector | 2.0.1-SNAPSHOT | org.apache.sqoop.connector.mysql.MySqlConnector | | 6 | sftp-connector | 2.0.6-SNAPSHOT | org.apache.sqoop.connector.sftp.SftpConnector | | 7 | oracle-partition-connector | 2.0.6-SNAPSHOT | org.apache.sqoop.connector.oracle.partition.OraclePartitionConnector | +----+----------------------------+----------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
The preceding information indicates that the Oracle connector ID is 4.
- Run the following command to create connectors and enter the specific connector information as prompted:
create connection -c connector ID
For example, if the connector ID is 4, run the following command:
create connection -c 4
sqoop:000> create connection -c 4 Creating connection for connector with id 4 Please fill following values to create new connection object Name: oracle14 Oracle connection configuration JDBC connection string: jdbc:oracle:thin:@189.120.84.106:1521:orcl Username: oracledba Password: ********** JDBC connection properties: There are currently 0 values in the map: entry# New connection was successfully created with validation status FINE and persistent id 3 sqoop:000>
The preceding information indicates that the connection ID is 3.
- Based on the connection ID, run the following command to create jobs:
create job -x connection ID -t import --trans absolute path of job-config/oracle-hbase.json
For example, if the connection ID is 3, run the following command:
create job -x 3 -t import --trans /opt/hadoopclient/Loader/loader-tools-1.99.3/loader-tool/job-config/oracle-hbase.json
The following information is displayed:
sqoop:000> create job -x 3 -t import --trans /opt/hadoopclient/Loader/loader-tools-1.99.3/loader-tool/job-config/oracle-to-hbase.json Creating job for connection with id 3 Please fill following values to create new job object Name: run Database target Table name: test Columns: Conditions: Data split method: 0 : ROWID 1 : PARTITION Choose: Table Partitions: Data split allocation method: 0 : ROUNDROBIN 1 : SEQUENTIAL 2 : RANDOM Choose: JDBC fetch size: Output configuration Storage type: 0 : HDFS 1 : HBASE_BULKLOAD 2 : HBASE_PUTLIST 3 : HIVE 4 : SPARK Choose: 1 HBase instance: HBase Clear data before import : false Throttling resources Extractors: 10 Extractor size: New job was successfully created with validation status FINE and persistent id 7 sqoop:000>
The preceding information indicates that the job ID is 7.
- Run the following command to start the job:
start job -j job ID -s
For example, if the job ID is 7, run the following command:
start job -j 7 -s
Displaying the information indicates that the job is started successfully.
Submission details Job ID: 7 Server URL: https://10.0.0.0:21351/loader/ Created by: admintest Creation date: 2019-12-04 16:37:34 CST Lastly updated by: admintest 2019-12-04 16:37:34 CST: BOOTING - Progress is not available 2019-12-04 16:37:42 CST: BOOTING - 0.00 % 2019-12-04 16:37:42 CST: BOOTING - 0.00 % 2019-12-04 16:37:57 CST: RUNNING - 0.00 % 2019-12-04 16:38:12 CST: RUNNING - 45.00 % 2019-12-04 16:38:12 CST: RUNNING - 45.00 % 2019-12-04 16:38:27 CST: SUCCEEDED
Example for the Batch Mode
- Log in to the node where the Loader client is installed as the user who installs the client.
- Run the following command to go to the conf directory of the sqoop-shell tool. For example, if the Loader client installation directory is /opt/client/Loader/, run the following command:
cd /opt/client/Loader/loader-tools-1.99.3/sqoop-shell/conf
- Run the following command to configure authentication information:
vi client.properties
server.url=10.0.0.1:21351 # simple or kerberos authentication.type=simple # true or false use.keytab=true authentication.user= authentication.password= client.principal=hdfs/hadoop.@<system domain name>@<system domain name> # keytab file client.keytab.file=./conf/login/hdfs.keytab
- Run the following command to go to the directory where the sqoop2-shell script is located and create a text file in the directory, such as batchCommand.sh:
cd /opt/client/Loader/loader-tools-1.99.3/sqoop-shell
vi batchCommand.sh
An example of batchCommand.sh is displayed as follows:
View parameters create connection -c 4 --help // Create a connector create connection -c 4 -name oracle-connection --connector-connection-oracleServerIp 10.0.0.1 --connector-connection-oracleServerPort 22 --connector-connection-oracleUser root --connector-connection-oraclePassword xxxxx Create a job create job -t import -x 3 --connector-file-inputPath /opt/tempfile --connector-file-fileFilter * --framework-output-outputDirectory /user/loader/1 --framework-output-storageType HBase --framework-throttling-extractorSize 120 --framework-output-fileType TEXT_FILE --connector-file-splitType FILE -name test Start a job start job -j 7 -s
xxxxx is the password for the connector.
- Run the following command and the sqoop-shell tool will run the preceding commands in sequence:
./sqoop2-shell batchCommand.sh
The commands above authenticate login by reading configuration files. Alternatively, you can attach the authentication information to the command, that is, use the password mode or Kerberos mode to authenticate login.
Run the following command to authenticate login using the password mode:
./sqoop2-shell -uk false -u username -p encryptedPassword batchCommand.sh
Run the following command to authenticate login using the Kerberos mode:
./sqoop2-shell -uk true -k user.keytab -s userPrincipal batchCommand.sh
Displaying the SUCCEEDED information indicates that the job is started successfully.
Welcome to sqoop client Use the username and password authentication mode Authentication success. sqoop:000> create connection -c 4 --help usage: Show connection viparameters: --connector-connection-oraclePassword <arg> --connector-connection-oracleServerIp <arg> --connector-connection-oracleServerPort <arg> --connector-connection-oracleUser <arg> --framework-security-maxConnections <arg> --name <arg> ===> FINE sqoop:000> create connection -c 4 -name oracle-connection --connector-connection-oracleServerIp 10.0.0.1 --connector-connection-oracleServerPort 22 --connector-connection-oracleUser root --connector-connection-oraclePassword xxxxx Creating connection for connector with id 4 New connection was successfully created with validation status FINE and persistent id 3 ===> FINE sqoop:000> create job -t import -x 3 --connector-file-inputPath /opt/tempfile --connector-file-fileFilter * --framework-output-outputDirectory /user/loader/1 --framework-output-storageType HDFS --framework-throttling-extractorSize 120 --framework-output-fileType TEXT_FILE --connector-file-splitType FILE -name test Creating job for connection with id 3 New job was successfully created with validation status FINE and persistent id 7 ===> FINE Submission details Job ID: 7 Server URL: https://10.0.0.0:21351/loader/ Created by: admintest Creation date: 2019-12-04 16:37:34 CST Lastly updated by: admintest 2019-12-04 16:37:34 CST: BOOTING - Progress is not available 2019-12-04 16:37:42 CST: BOOTING - 0.00 % 2019-12-04 16:37:42 CST: BOOTING - 0.00 % 2019-12-04 16:37:57 CST: RUNNING - 0.00 % 2019-12-04 16:38:12 CST: RUNNING - 45.00 % 2019-12-04 16:38:12 CST: RUNNING - 45.00 % 2019-12-04 16:38:27 CST: SUCCEEDED - In the batch mode, the -c parameter can be used to attach a command. sqoop-shell can execute only the attached command at a time.
Run the following command to create a connection:
./sqoop2-shell -c "create connection -c 4 -name oracle-connection --connector-connection-oracleServerIp 10.0.0.1 --connector-connection-oracleServerPort 22 --connector-connection-oracleUser root --connector-connection-oraclePassword xxxxx"
You can also use the password mode or Kerberos mode to attach the authentication information to the command.
Run the following command to authenticate login using the password mode:
./sqoop2-shell -uk false -u username -p encryptedPassword -c "create connection -c 4 -name oracle-connection --connector-connection-oracleerverIp 10.0.0.1 --connector-connection-oracleServerPort 22 --connector-connection-oracleUser root --connector-connection-oraclePassword xxxxx"
Run the following command to authenticate login using the Kerberos mode:
./sqoop2-shell -uk true -k user.keytab -s userPrincipal -c "create connection -c 4 -name oracle-connection --connector-connection-oracleServerIp 10.0.0.1 --connector-connection-oracleServerPort 22 --connector-connection-oracleUser root --connector-connection-oraclePassword xxxxx"
Displaying the FINE information indicates the connection is created successfully.
Welcome to sqoop client Use the username and password authentication mode Authentication success. sqoop:000> create connection -c 4 -name oracle-connection --connector-connection-oracleServerIp 10.0.0.1 --connector-connection-oracleServerPort 22 --connector-connection-oracleUser root --connector-connection-oraclePassword xxxxx Creating connection for connector with id 4 New connection was successfully created with validation status FINE and persistent id 3 ===> FINE
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