Enabling Alarm Notifications

After alarm notification is enabled, you can receive alarm notifications sent by HSS to learn about security risks facing your servers and web pages. Without this function, you have to log in to the management console to view alarms.

Alarm notification settings are effective only for the current region. To receive notifications from another region, switch to that region and configure alarm notification.
Alarm notifications may be mistakenly blocked. If you have enabled notifications but not received any, check whether they have been blocked as spam.
The Simple Message Notification (SMN) service is a paid service. For details about the price, see Product Pricing Details.

Enabling Alarm Notifications

Log in to the management console.
In the upper left corner of the page, select a region, click , and choose Security & Compliance > HSS.

In the navigation pane, choose Installation & Configuration > Alarm Notifications. For more information, see Table 1.

If your servers are managed by enterprise projects, you can select the target enterprise project to configure alarm notifications.

If you select a single enterprise project, the alarm notification information takes effect only in the corresponding enterprise project.
If you select All projects, the alarm notification information takes effect in all enterprise projects.

Figure 1 Alarm configurations

**Table 1** Alarm configurations
Type	Description	Suggestion
Daily alarm notification	HSS scans the accounts, web directories, vulnerabilities, malicious programs, and key configurations in the server system at 00:00 every day, and sends the summarized detection results to the recipients you set in the Message Center or SMN, depending on which one you chose. To view notification items, click View Default Daily Notification Events.	It is recommended that you receive and periodically check all the content in the daily alarm notification to eliminate risks in a timely manner. Daily alarm notifications contain a lot of check items. If you want to send the notifications to recipients set in an SMN topic, you are advised to set the topic protocol to Email.
Real-time alarm notification	When an attacker intrudes a server, alarms are sent to the recipients you set in the Message Center or SMN, depending on which one you chose. To view notification items, click View Default Real-time Notification Events.	It is recommended that you receive all the content in the real-time alarm notification and view them in time. The HSS system monitors the security of servers in real time, detects the attacker's intrusion, and sends real-time alarm notifications for you to quickly handle the problem. Real-time alarm notifications are about urgent issues. If you want to send the notifications to recipients set in an SMN topic, you are advised to set the topic protocol to SMS.
Severity	Select the severities of alarms that you want to be notified of.	All
Masked Events	Select the events that you do not wish to be notified of. Select events to be masked from the drop-down list box.	Determine the events to be masked based on the description in Alarm Notifications.

Select the alarm notification mode.
- Use Message Center settings
  By default, alarm notifications are sent to the contacts under the account. Notification modes include email, SMS, system notification, and group chatbots (WeCom, DingTalk, Feishu, and WeLink). For more information, see Message Center.
  
  To configure the notification mode and recipients, perform the following steps:
  1. Log in to the management console.
  2. Click in the upper right corner to access the Message Center.
    You can view all system notifications on this page.
  3. In the navigation pane on the left, choose Message Receiving Management > SMS & Email Settings.
  4. Choose Message Type > Security > Security event.
  5. Select notification modes as required.
    You can select Email, SMS, System Notification, and Group Chatbot (WeCom, DingTalk, Feishu, and WeLink).
    
    Figure 2 Configuring notification modes
  6. In the Operation column, click Modify Recipient or Modify Robot Recipient to configure recipients.
    - If you selected email or SMS in 4.e, configure message recipients.
    - If you selected group chatbots (WeCom, DingTalk, Feishu, and WeLink) in 4.e, configure robot recipients.
      Only the WeCom, DingTalk, Feishu, and WeLink recipients that have been added on the Recipient Management page are available for selection.
  7. In the Modify Recipient or Modify Robot Recipient dialog box, select recipients and click OK.
    Only the robot recipients that have been added on the Recipient Management page are available for selection. For details about how to add a recipient, see Adding Recipients.
- Use SMN topic settings
  Select an available topic from the drop-down list or click View Topics and create a topic. Alarm notifications are sent to message topic recipients through SMS, chatbots (DingTalk, WeCom, Feishu, and WeLink), and email. For details about message topics, see Simple Message Notification.
  To create a topic and add subscriptions, perform the following steps:
  1. Create a topic.
    For details, see Creating a Topic.
  2. Add one or more subscriptions to the created topic.
    For details, see Adding a Subscription.
  3. After the subscription is added, confirm the subscription as prompted by the received SMS message, email, or other notifications.
    The confirmation message about topic subscription may be regarded as spam. If you do not receive the message, check whether it is intercepted as spam.
  You can create multiple notification topics based on the O&M plan and alarm notification type to receive different types of alarm notifications.
Click Apply. A message will be displayed indicating that the alarm notification is set successfully.

Alarm Notifications

Alarm notifications are classified into daily alarm notifications and real-time alarm notifications. The notification items are as follows:

The service checks risks in your servers in the early morning every day, summarizes and collects detection results, and sends the results to your mobile phone or email box at 10:00 every day.

Type	Item	Description
Assets	Dangerous ports	Check for high-risk open ports and unnecessary ports.
Assets	Agent not installed	Check for servers with no HSS agent installed, and remind you to install the agent on these servers in a timely manner.
Assets	Dangerous ports	Check for high-risk open ports and unnecessary ports.
	Agent not installed	Check for servers with no HSS agent installed, and remind you to install the agent on these servers in a timely manner.
	Protection interrupted	Check for servers whose agent protection is interrupted, and remind you to rectify faults in a timely manner.
Vulnerabilities	Critical vulnerabilities	Detect critical vulnerabilities and fix them in a timely manner.
Unsafe settings	Unsafe configurations	Detect unsafe settings of key applications that will probably be exploited by hackers to intrude servers.
Unsafe settings	Common weak passwords	Detect weak passwords in MySQL, FTP, and system accounts.
Intrusions	Unclassified malware	Check and handle detected malicious programs all in one place, including web shells, Trojans, mining software, worms, and viruses.
	Rootkits	Detect server assets and report alarms for suspicious kernel modules, files, and folders.
	Ransomware	Check for ransomware in media such as web pages, software, emails, and storage media. Ransomware can encrypt and control your data assets, such as documents, emails, databases, source code, images, and compressed files, to leverage victim extortion.
	Web shells	Check whether the files (often PHP and JSP files) detected by HSS in your web directories are web shells. Web shell information includes the Trojan file path, status, first discovery time, and last discovery time. You can choose to ignore warning on trusted files. You can use the manual detection function to detect web shells on servers.
	Reverse shells	Monitor user process behaviors in real time to detect reverse shells caused by invalid connections. Reverse shells can be detected for protocols including TCP, UDP, and ICMP.
	Redis vulnerability exploits	Detect the modifications made by the Redis process on key directories in real time and report alarms.
	Hadoop vulnerability exploits	Detect the modifications made by the Hadoop process on key directories in real time and report alarms.
	MySQL vulnerability exploits	Detect the modifications made by the MySQL process on key directories in real time and report alarms.
	File privilege escalations	Check the file privilege escalations in your system.
	Process privilege escalations	The following process privilege escalation operations can be detected: Root privilege escalation by exploiting SUID program vulnerabilities Root privilege escalation by exploiting kernel vulnerabilities
	Important file changes	Receive alarms when critical system files are modified.
	File/Directory changes	System files and directories are monitored. If a file or directory is modified, an alarm is generated, indicating that the file or directory may be tampered with.
	Abnormal process behaviors	Check the processes on servers, including their IDs, command lines, process paths, and behaviors. Send alarms on unauthorized process operations and intrusions. The following abnormal process behavior can be detected: Abnormal CPU usage Processes accessing malicious IP addresses Abnormal increase in concurrent process connections
	High-risk command executions	Check executed commands in real time and generate alarms if high-risk commands are detected.
	Abnormal shells	Detect actions on abnormal shells, including moving, copying, and deleting shell files, and modifying the access permissions and hard links of the files.
	Suspicious crontab tasks	Check and list auto-started services, scheduled tasks, pre-loaded dynamic libraries, run registry keys, and startup folders. You can get notified immediately when abnormal automatic auto-start items are detected and quickly locate Trojans.
	Container image blocking	If a container contains insecure images specified in suspicious image behaviors, an alarm will be generated and the insecure images will be blocked before a container is started in Docker.
	Brute-force attacks	Check for brute-force attack attempts and successful brute-force attacks. Detect password cracking attacks on accounts and block attacking IP addresses to prevent server intrusion. Trigger an alarm if a user logs in to the server by a brute-force attack.
	Abnormal logins	Check and handle remote logins. If a user's login location is not any common login location you set, an alarm will be triggered.
	Invalid accounts	Scan accounts on servers and list suspicious accounts in a timely manner.
	Vulnerability escapes	The service reports an alarm if it detects container process behavior that matches the behavior of known vulnerabilities (such as Dirty COW, brute-force attack, runC, and shocker).
	File escapes	The service reports an alarm if it detects that a container process accesses a key file directory (for example, /etc/shadow or /etc/crontab). Directories that meet the container directory mapping rules can also trigger such alarms.
	Abnormal container processes	Container services are usually simple. If you are sure that only specific processes run in a container, you can add the processes to the whitelist of a policy, and associate the policy with the container. The service reports an alarm if it detects that a process not in the whitelist is running in the container.
	Abnormal container startups	Check for unsafe parameter settings used during container startup. Certain startup parameters specify container permissions. If their settings are inappropriate, they may be exploited by attackers to intrude containers.
	High-risk system calls	Users can run tasks in kernels by Linux system calls. The service reports an alarm if it detects a high-risk call, such as open_by_handle_at, ptrace, setns, and reboot.
	Sensitive file access	Detect suspicious access behaviors (such as privilege escalation and persistence) on important files.
	Web page tampering prevention for Windows servers	Protect the static web page files on your Windows website servers from malicious modification.
	Web page tampering prevention for Linux servers	Protect the static web page files on your Linux website servers from malicious modification.
	Dynamic WTP	Protect the static web page files on your Windows and Linux website servers from malicious modification.
	Application protection	Protect running applications. You simply need to add probes to applications, without having to modify application files. Currently, only Linux servers are supported, and only Java applications can be connected.
	Virus scan	Generates alarms for detected virus-infected files.
	Suspicious process executions	Detect and report alarms on unauthenticated or unauthorized application processes.
	Suspicious process file access	Detect and report alarms on the unauthenticated or unauthorized application processes accessing specific directories.

When an event occurs, an alarm notification is immediately sent.

Type	Item	Description
Assets	Dangerous ports	Check for high-risk open ports and unnecessary ports.
	Agent not installed	Check for servers with no HSS agent installed, and remind you to install the agent on these servers in a timely manner.
	Protection interrupted	Check for servers whose agent protection is interrupted, and remind you to rectify faults in a timely manner.
Intrusions	Unclassified malware	Check and handle detected malicious programs all in one place, including web shells, Trojans, mining software, worms, and viruses.
	Rootkits	Detect server assets and report alarms for suspicious kernel modules, files, and folders.
	Ransomware	Check for ransomware in media such as web pages, software, emails, and storage media. Ransomware can encrypt and control your data assets, such as documents, emails, databases, source code, images, and compressed files, to leverage victim extortion.
	Web shells	Check whether the files (often PHP and JSP files) detected by HSS in your web directories are web shells. Web shell information includes the Trojan file path, status, first discovery time, and last discovery time. You can choose to ignore warning on trusted files. You can use the manual detection function to detect web shells on servers.
	Reverse shells	Monitor user process behaviors in real time to detect reverse shells caused by invalid connections. Reverse shells can be detected for protocols including TCP, UDP, and ICMP.
	Redis vulnerability exploits	Detect the modifications made by the Redis process on key directories in real time and report alarms.
	Hadoop vulnerability exploits	Detect the modifications made by the Hadoop process on key directories in real time and report alarms.
	MySQL vulnerability exploits	Detect the modifications made by the MySQL process on key directories in real time and report alarms.
	File privilege escalations	Check the file privilege escalations in your system.
	Process privilege escalations	The following process privilege escalation operations can be detected: Root privilege escalation by exploiting SUID program vulnerabilities Root privilege escalation by exploiting kernel vulnerabilities
	Important file changes	Receive alarms when critical system files are modified.
	File/Directory changes	System files and directories are monitored. If a file or directory is modified, an alarm is generated, indicating that the file or directory may be tampered with.
	Abnormal process behaviors	Check the processes on servers, including their IDs, command lines, process paths, and behaviors. Send alarms on unauthorized process operations and intrusions. The following abnormal process behavior can be detected: Abnormal CPU usage Processes accessing malicious IP addresses Abnormal increase in concurrent process connections
	High-risk command executions	Check executed commands in real time and generate alarms if high-risk commands are detected.
	Abnormal shells	Detect actions on abnormal shells, including moving, copying, and deleting shell files, and modifying the access permissions and hard links of the files.
	Suspicious crontab tasks	Check and list auto-started services, scheduled tasks, pre-loaded dynamic libraries, run registry keys, and startup folders. You can get notified immediately when abnormal automatic auto-start items are detected and quickly locate Trojans.
	Container image blocking	If a container contains insecure images specified in suspicious image behaviors, an alarm will be generated and the insecure images will be blocked before a container is started in Docker.
	Abnormal logins	Check and handle remote logins. If a user's login location is not any common login location you set, an alarm will be triggered.
	Invalid accounts	Scan accounts on servers and list suspicious accounts in a timely manner.
	Vulnerability escapes	The service reports an alarm if it detects container process behavior that matches the behavior of known vulnerabilities (such as Dirty COW, brute-force attack, runC, and shocker).
	File escapes	The service reports an alarm if it detects that a container process accesses a key file directory (for example, /etc/shadow or /etc/crontab). Directories that meet the container directory mapping rules can also trigger such alarms.
	Abnormal container processes	Container services are usually simple. If you are sure that only specific processes run in a container, you can add the processes to the whitelist of a policy, and associate the policy with the container. The service reports an alarm if it detects that a process not in the whitelist is running in the container.
	Abnormal container startups	Check for unsafe parameter settings used during container startup. Certain startup parameters specify container permissions. If their settings are inappropriate, they may be exploited by attackers to intrude containers.
	High-risk system calls	Users can run tasks in kernels by Linux system calls. The service reports an alarm if it detects a high-risk call, such as open_by_handle_at, ptrace, setns, and reboot.
	Sensitive file access	Detect suspicious access behaviors (such as privilege escalation and persistence) on important files.
	Web page tampering prevention for Windows servers	Protect the static web page files on your Windows website servers from malicious modification.
	Web page tampering prevention for Linux servers	Protect the static web page files on your Linux website servers from malicious modification.
	Dynamic WTP	Protect the static web page files on your Windows and Linux website servers from malicious modification.
	Application protection	Protect running applications. You simply need to add probes to applications, without having to modify application files. Currently, only Linux servers are supported, and only Java applications can be connected.
	Auto Blocking	Notify users of successful automatic isolation and killing of malicious programs, automatic blocking of ransomware, and automatic blocking of WTP.
	Suspicious process executions	Detect and report alarms on unauthenticated or unauthorized application processes.
	Suspicious process file access	Detect and report alarms on the unauthenticated or unauthorized application processes accessing specific directories.
Login	Success login	Notifications are sent to accounts that have successfully logged in.
Server protection	Ransomware protection disabled	An alarm is reported if ransomware prevention is disabled manually or abnormally.