A-E

• A

  ABAP Central Services

  ASCS instance includes the Enqueue and Message servers. An SAP NetWeaver system contains only one ASCS instance.

  ASCS

  See ABAP Central Services

• B

  Bring Your Own License

  If you have an existing software license, you can continue to use your license to migrate services to the cloud platform without extra fees.

  Business Warehouse on HANA

  BWoH is an SAP HANA application scenario where SAP HANA provides data analysis.

  BWoH

  See Business Warehouse on HANA

  BYOL

  See Bring Your Own License

• C

  CLI

  See Command Line Interface

  Command Line Interface

  CLI is a means of communication between a program and its user, based solely on textual input and output.

  CRM

  See Customer Relationship Management

  Customer Relationship Management

  To improve core competitiveness, CRM uses information technologies and Internet technologies to coordinate the interaction between enterprises and customers on sales, marketing, and services, thereby improving enterprise management methods and providing personalized customer interactions and services.

• D

  Data Warehouse

  DWH is an integration center that stores a large amount of data. DWH is a core component of business intelligence (BI), which allows carriers to perform intelligent business analysis on users based on the massive user data stored in the data warehouse.

  DEV

  See Development

  Development

  DEV is an SAP application development scenario where development engineers configure and verify the compatibility between application software and SAP applications and continuously optimize the application software.

  Disaster Recovery

  DR backs up data and application software of the production center. If a disaster or fault occurs on a machine in the production center, the remote backup machine takes over services of the faulty one.

  DR

  See Disaster Recovery

  DWH

  See Data Warehouse

• E

  Enqueue Replication Server

  ERS ensures high availability for ASCS instance and protects Message server and Enqueue server on ASCS instance.

  Enqueue Server

  Enqueue server is a special lock mechanism in the SAP system, which prevents a line of data from being simultaneously changed by two processes and ensures consistency in updating databases.

  Enterprise Resource Planning

  ERP is a management platform based on information technology. It integrates information technology and advanced management ideas, and provides systematic management information for enterprise employees and decision makers.

  ERP

  See Enterprise Resource Planning

  ERS

  See Enqueue Replication Server

F-J

• H

  HA

  See High Availability

  HAE

  See High Availability Extension

  HAF

  See Host Auto-Failover

  HANA

  See High-Performance Analytic Appliance

  High Availability

  HA is an SAP HANA function, supporting manual or automatic service switching from a faulty HANA node to other HANA nodes.

  High Availability Extension

  HAE is a software package from SUSE for automatic active-standby failover control.

  High-Performance Analytic Appliance

  HAHA is a high-performance real-time data computing platform based on in-memory computing technologies.

  Host Auto-Failover

  HAF is a specific SAP HANA scenario. When a worker node in the cluster becomes faulty, the SAP HANA system automatically switches services from the faulty node to the standby node for cluster HA.

  HXE

  See SAP HANA, express edition

• I

  IMDB

  See In-Memory Database

  In-Memory Database

  IMDB is a database that stores data in the memory. Reading data from or writing data into the memory is faster than that of the disk, which greatly improves the performance.

K-O

• M

  MASTER

  An SAP HANA master node coordinates global transactions and stores the global metadata of the information about the computing node cluster. A cluster has three master nodes configured, but only one of them is activated.

  Message Server

  Message server is used for communication among Dialog instances and provides information for Dispatcher for load balancing.

• N

  NAS

  See Network Attached Storage

  NAT

  See Network Address Translation

  NetWeaver

  SAP NetWeaver is the integration technology platform of SAP. It is the technical foundation of all SAP applications since SAP Business Suite.

  Network Address Translation

  NAT is a type of network connection in hosted networking that enables you to connect your VMs to an external network when you have only one IP network address and the host computer uses that address.

  Network Attached Storage

  NAS is a file-level computer data storage connected to a computer network providing data access to heterogeneous clients. An NAS server contains storage devices, such as disk arrays, CD/DVD drives, tape drives, or portable storage media. An NAS server provides an embedded operating system to share files across platforms.

  Network File System

  NFS is a distributed file system protocol originally developed by Sun Microsystems in 1984, allowing a user on a client computer to access files over a computer network much like local storage is accessed.

  Network Time Protocol

  NTP defines a time synchronization mechanism and synchronizes the time between a distributed time server and a client.

  NFS

  See Network File System

  NTP

  See Network Time Protocol

  NW

  See NetWeaver

• O

  ODBC

  See Open Database Connectivity

  OLAP

  See Online Analytical Processing

  OLTP

  See Online Transaction Processing

  Online Analytical Processing

  OLAP is a technology that uses multidimensional structures to provide rapid data access for analysis. OLAP source data is generally stored in data warehouses in a relational database.

  Online Transaction Processing

  OLTP is a transaction-oriented processing system, which immediately sends original user data to the computing center for processing and provides the processing result within a short period of time. OLTP is a main application of traditional relational databases. It processes basic and routine transactions, such as banking transactions.

  Open Database Connectivity

  ODBC is a data access application programming interface (API) that supports access to any data source for which an ODBC driver is available. ODBC is aligned with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards for a database call-level interface CLI.

P-T

• P

  PAM

  See Product Availability Matrix

  PRD

  See Production

  Product Availability Matrix

  PAM bundles technical and release planning information on SAP software product versions for quick reference. There you can find information on product versions′ release, availability, and maintenance.

  Production

  PRD is an SAP application production scenario where SAP HANA is formally used in the production environment.

• Q

  QAS

  See Quality Assure

  Quality Assure

  QAS is an SAP application quality assurance scenario where SAP HANA functions, performance, and reliability are fully verified.

• R

  RDP

  See Remote Desktop Protocol

  Recovery Point Objective

  RPO is a service switchover policy, minimizing data loss during DR switchover. The data recovery point is used as the objective to ensure that the data used for DR switchover is the latest backup data.

  Recovery Time Objective

  RTO defines the maximum duration of time within which data must be restored. When a disaster occurs, if you want the system to be available immediately and allow the loss of some data, the RTO is zero. If you allow an hour to recover the data, the RTO is one hour.

  Remote Desktop Protocol

  RDP is a proprietary protocol developed by Microsoft, which provides a user with a graphical interface to connect to another computer over a network connection.

  RPO

  See Recovery Point Objective

  RTO

  See Recovery Time Objective

• S

  SAP HANA, express edition

  SAP HANA, express edition is the R&D version of SAP HANA. It can be installed and run on a laptop or other hosts, such as Elastic Cloud Servers (ECSs) on public cloud. SAP HANA, express edition is free to use for up to 32 GB of memory capacity. Memory capacity beyond 32 GB is available for purchase at the SAP store.

  SBD

  See Shared Block Device

  Scale Out

  Scale-out mode is also called cluster system mode, in which an SAP HANA system contains multiple nodes. In scale-out mode, when the system requires expansion, add more nodes to the system.

  Scale Up

  Scale-up mode is also called single-node system mode, in which an SAP HANA system contains only one valid node. If HA is required, construct such an architecture using two single nodes through System Replication. In the scale-up mode, when the system requires expansion, add CPUs, memory capacity, and hard disks to the node.

  Secure Shell

  SSH is a set of network protocols for securing connections between computers, as well as the utility suite that implements these protocols.

  Shared Block Device

  SBD is a voting disk in the active and standby systems that are used for automatic switchover.

  Single Point Of Failure

  SPOF is a part of a system or network that, if it fails, will stop the entire system or network from working.

  SLAVE

  An SAP HANA cluster can have one or multiple slave nodes configured in a distributed architecture to cache metadata and perform database operations assigned by the master node. A cluster has multiple slave nodes.

  SoH

  See Suite on HANA

  SPOF

  See Single Point Of Failure

  SQL

  See Structured Query Language

  SR

  See System Replication

  SSH

  See Secure Shell

  STANDBY

  An SAP HANA standby node takes over services of a faulty worker node. A cluster can have no or any number of standby nodes, and one standby node by default. In normal cases, software on the node is running, but the node's memory database has no data and cannot process services. The standby node takes over services of a faulty node automatically.

  Structured Query Language

  SQL is a programming language widely used for accessing, querying, updating, and managing data in a relational database.

  Suite on HANA

  SoH is an SAP application scenario where SAP HANA is used as the database of the business suite, for example, ERP software.

  System Replication

  System Replication is a function of SAP HANA. To implement System Replication, you need to create a secondary system, which continuously synchronizes data and transaction logs with the primary system. Due to the mirroring attribute of the primary and secondary systems, once the primary system is faulty, the secondary system takes over services of the primary system.

• T

  Test

  TST is an SAP application test scenario where development engineers test application software and SAP applications to verify the functions of application software after the application software development is complete.

  Training

  TRN is an SAP application training scenario where you provide a training or demonstration after deploying SAP applications.

  TRN

  See Training

  TST

  See Test

U-Z

• V

  Virtual Network Console

  VNC is an open-source software based on UNIX and Linux OSs. It provides powerful remote control capabilities.

  Virtual Network Interface Card

  A vNIC is a NIC virtualized from a physical NIC by the virtualization software. A vNIC works like a physical NIC for a virtual machine.

  VNC

  See Virtual Network Console

  vNIC

  See Virtual Network Interface Card

• W

  WORKER

  An SAP HANA worker node runs and performs database operations.