Prerequisites

• You have logged in to the DRS console.
• Your account balance is greater than or equal to ¥0.
• The database type you want to migrate meets the database type requirements. For details, see Real-Time Migration.
• The constraints on migrating data in the cloud are met. For details, see Before You Start.

Procedure

1. On the Online Migration Management page, click Create Migration Task.
2. On the Select Scenario page, select Source Database Type and Destination Database Type and click Next.
   

   • In this example, the source database can be On-premises databases, Databases on the current cloud, Self-built databases on ECS, or Databases on other cloud. The destination database can be Databases on the current cloud.
   • You cannot use DRS to migrate from an on-premises database to another on-premises database.

3. On the Create Replication Instance page, configure task details, recipients, description, and the replication instance, and click Next.
   Figure 1 Migration task information
   

   Table 1 Task and recipient description

   Parameter	Description
   Task Name	The task name consists of 4 to 50 characters, starts with a letter, and can contain only letters (case-insensitive), digits, hyphens (-), and underscores (_).
   Send Notifications	This parameter is optional. If it is enabled, DRS will send notifications to a specified recipient by SMS message or email when an exception occurs on a migration task. NOTE: Recipients must confirm the subscription on the SMN console within 48 hours of receiving an SMS message or email. Otherwise, they cannot receive notifications from DRS.
   Synchronization Delay Threshold	During an incremental migration, a synchronization delay indicates a time difference (in seconds) of synchronization between the source and destination database. If the synchronization delay exceeds the threshold you specify, DRS will send alarms to the specified recipients. The value ranges from 1 to 3,600. To avoid repeated alarms caused by the fluctuation of delay, an alarm is sent only after the delay has exceeded the threshold for six minutes. NOTE: In the early stages of an incremental migration, there is more delay because more data is waiting to be synchronized. In this situation, no notifications will be sent. Before setting the delay threshold, you need to enter the recipient's mobile number or email address.
   Description	The description consists of a maximum of 256 characters and cannot contain the following special characters: !=<>'&"

   Figure 2 Replication instance information
   

   Table 2 Replication instance information

   Parameter	Description
   Data Flow	Select To the cloud. The destination database must be a database on the current cloud.
   Source DB Engine	Select MySQL.
   Destination DB Engine	Select MySQL.
   Network Type	Select Public network. Available options: VPC, VPN or Direct Connect, and Public network. By default, the value is Public network. VPC is suitable for migrations of cloud databases. Public network is suitable for migrations from on-premises or external cloud databases to the destination databases bound with an EIP. VPN is suitable for migrations from on-premises self-built databases to cloud databases or between cloud databases across regions. Direct Connect is suitable for migrations from on-premises databases to cloud databases or between cloud databases across regions.
   Destination DB Instance	The RDS DB instance you created.
   Replication Instance Subnet	The subnet where the replication instance resides. You can also click View Subnet to go to the network console to view the subnet where the instance resides. By default, the DRS instance and the destination DB instance are in the same subnet. You need to select the subnet where the DRS instance resides and ensure that there are available IP addresses. To ensure that the replication instance is successfully created, only subnets with DHCP enabled are displayed.
   Destination Database Access	Read-only During migration, the destination database is read-only. After the migration is complete, it restores to the read/write status. This option ensures the integrity and success rate of data migration. Read/Write During migration, the destination database can be queried or modified. Data may be modified when operations are performed or applications are connected. It should be noted that background processes can often generate or modify data, which may result in data conflicts, task faults, and upload failures. Do not select this option if you do not fully understand the risks. If the destination DB instance includes the databases that need to be used by services during migration, set the database to read/write. NOTE: Only MySQL databases support the setting of the destination database access.
   Migration Type	Full: This migration type is suitable for scenarios where service interruption is acceptable. All objects and data in non-system databases are migrated to the destination database at one time. The objects include tables, views, and stored procedures. NOTE: If you perform a full migration, you are advised to stop operations on the source database. Otherwise, data generated in the source database during the migration will not be synchronized to the destination database. Full+Incremental: This migration type allows you to migrate data without interrupting services. After a full migration initializes the destination database, an incremental migration initiates and parses logs to ensure data consistency between the source and destination databases. NOTE: If you select the Full+Incremental migration type, data generated during the full migration will be synchronized to the destination database with zero downtime, ensuring that both the source and destination databases remain accessible.
   Tags	This setting is optional. Adding tags helps you better identify and manage your tasks. Each task can have up to 10 tags. After a task is created, you can view its tag details on the Tags tab. For detailed operations, see Tag Management.

4. On the Configure Source and Destination Databases page, wait until the replication instance is created, and then configure the source and destination database details. You need to click Test Connection in the Source Database and Destination Database areas to check that both the source and destination databases are connected. Then, select the check box before the agreement and click Next.
   • Source database configuration
     Figure 3 Source database information
     

     Table 3 Source database information

     Parameter	Description
     IP Address or Domain Name	The IP address or domain name of the source database.
     Port	The port of the source database. Range: 1 - 65535
     Database Username	The username for accessing the source database.
     Database Password	The password for the database username. The password can be changed after a task is created. If the task is in the Starting, Starting failed, Full migrating, Full migration failed, Incremental migrating, or Incremental migration failed status, in the Migration Information area on the Basic Information page, click Update Password next to the Source Database Password field. In the displayed dialog box, change the password. This action only updates DRS with the changed password.
     SSL Connection	SSL encrypts the connections between the source and destination databases. If SSL is enabled, upload the SSL CA root certificate. SQL Server migration does not support SSL connections. NOTE: The maximum size of a single certificate file that can be uploaded is 500 KB. If the SSL certificate is not used, your data may be at risk.

     

     • The IP address, domain name, username, and password of the source database are encrypted and stored in DRS, and will be cleared after the task is deleted.
     • If the system displays a message indicating that the network connection between the replication instance and the database fails after you click Test Connection, see section "What Should I Do If the Network Connection Between the Replication Instance and Database Is Abnormal?" in the Data Replication Service FAQs.
     • If the replication instance creation is not complete, the Test Connection button is unavailable.
   • Destination database configuration
     Figure 4 Destination database information
     

     Table 4 Destination database information

     Parameter	Description
     DB Instance Name	The RDS DB instance you selected when creating the migration task and cannot be changed.
     Database Username	The username for accessing the destination database.
     Database Password	The password for the database username. You can change the password if necessary. To change the password, perform the following operation after the task is created: If the task is in the Starting, Starting failed, Full migrating, Full migration failed, Incremental migrating, or Incremental migration failed status, in the Migration Information area on the Basic Information page, click Update Password next to the Destination Database Password field. In the displayed dialog box, change the password. This action only updates DRS with the changed password.
     Migrate Definer to User	Yes After the migration, the Definers of all source database objects will be migrated to the destination database user you created. Other users can have the permissions on database objects only after being authorized. For details on authorization, see How Do I Maintain the Original Service User Permission System After Definer Is Forcibly Converted During MySQL Migration? NOTE: For the migration from MySQL to GaussDB(for MySQL) instances, you can only select Yes. After the migration, The Definers of all source database objects will be migrated to the user. No The Definers of all source database objects will not be changed. You need to migrate all accounts and permissions of the source database in the next step.

     

     The database username and password are encrypted and stored in the system and will be cleared after the task is deleted.

5. On the Set Task page, select the accounts and objects to be migrated, and click Next.
   Figure 5 Migration type
   

   Table 5 Migration types and objects

   Parameter	Description
   Take Snapshot	If you perform a full migration, you can take a snapshot for your databases. No This option applies to exports for which no data is written to the source database. If data is modified during a full migration, the exported data is point in time inconsistent. The stability and performance of a migration without a snapshot taken is better than that of a migration with a snapshot taken. Yes A snapshot with consistent data at the point in time is generated during service running. Data changes during migration are not shown in the exported data. NOTE: Snapshot reads use MySQL backup lock to lock global tables and automatically unlock them within 3s after consistent reads are enabled. To prevent full migration failures, you are advised to take a snapshot when the source database is idle and not perform DML or DDL operations during snapshot migration. Only MySQL full migration tasks support snapshot mode. Do not perform DDL operations during migration in snapshot mode. Otherwise, full migration will fail.
   Flow Control	You can choose whether to control the flow. Yes You can limit the bandwidth allocated to data replication at any time or during specific time ranges. The default value is All day. A maximum of three time ranges can be set, and they cannot overlap. The flow rate must be set based on the service scenario and cannot exceed 9999 Mbit/s. Figure 6 Flow control No If migration bandwidth is not limited, read performance for the source database may be impacted. NOTE: Flow control mode takes effect during a full migration only. You can also change the flow control mode after creating a task. For details, see Modifying the Flow Control Mode.
   Migrate Account	During a database migration, accounts need to be migrated separately. There are accounts that can be migrated completely, accounts whose permissions need to be reduced, and accounts that cannot be migrated. You can choose whether to migrate the accounts based on your service requirements. If you select Yes, you can select the accounts to be migrated as required. Yes If you choose to migrate accounts, see section Migrating Accounts in the Data Replication Service User Guide to migrate database users, permissions, and passwords. No During migration, accounts, permissions, and passwords are not migrated.
   Migrate Object	All database objects can be migrated. After the objects are migrated to the destination DB instance, the object names will remain the same as those in the source database and cannot be modified. You can migrate all objects or specified objects based on your service requirements. All: All objects in the source database are migrated to the destination database. Self-defined: Only self-defined objects are migrated to the destination database. If the source database is changed, click in the upper right corner before selecting migration objects to ensure that the objects to be selected are from the changed source database. NOTE: If you choose not to migrate all of the databases, the migration may fail because the objects, such as stored procedures and views, in the database to be migrated may have dependencies on other objects that are not migrated. To ensure a successful migration, you are advised to migrate all of the databases. When you select an object, the spaces before and after the object name are not displayed. If there are two or more consecutive spaces in the middle of the object name, only one space is displayed.

6. On the Check Task page, check the migration task.
   • If any check fails, review the cause and rectify the fault. After the fault is rectified, click Check Again.

     For details about how to handle check failures, see the Checking Whether the Source Database Is Connected section in the Data Replication Service User Guide.

     Figure 7 Task Check
     
   • If the check is complete and the check success rate is 100%, click Next.
     

     You can proceed to the next step only when all check items are successful. If any alarms are generated, view and confirm the alarm details first before proceeding to the next step.

7. Compare source and destination parameters.
   Comparing common parameters and performance parameters helps you evaluate the consistency between source and destination databases without affecting the migration process. It mainly ensures that services are not affected after migration is completed.

   • This process is optional, so you can click Next to skip the comparison.
   • Compare common parameters:

     If the common parameter values in the comparison results are inconsistent, click Change to change the destination database values to be the same as those of the source database.

     Figure 8 Modifying common parameters
     

     Performance parameter values in both the source and destination can be the same or different.

     • If you need to change the performance parameter values that are consistent in the comparison results to different values, locate the target parameter, enter the values in the Change To column, and click Save Change in the upper left corner.
     • If you want to make the performance parameter values of the source and destination database be the same:
       1. Click Use Source Database Value.

          DRS automatically makes the destination database values the same as those of the source database.

          Figure 9 One-click modification
          
          

          You can also manually enter parameter values.

       2. Click Save Change to save your changes.

          The system changes the parameter values based on your settings for the destination database values. After the modification, the list is updated automatically.

          Figure 10 Performance parameters
          

          Some parameters in the destination database require a restart before the changes can take effect. The system will display these as being inconsistent. You will need to restart the destination database after either before the migration starts or after it has completed. To minimize the impact of this restart on your services, it is recommended that you schedule a specific time to restart the destination database after the migration is complete.

          For details about parameter comparison, see Parameters for Comparison in the Data Replication Service User Guide.

       3. Click Next.

8. On the Confirm Task page, specify Start Time, confirm that the configured information is correct and click Submit to submit the task.

   Set Start Time to Start upon task creation or Start at a specified time based on site requirements. The Start at a specified time option is recommended.

   The migration task may affect the performance of the source and destination databases. You are advised to start the task in off-peak hours and reserve two to three days for data verification.

9. After the task is submitted, view and manage it on the Online Migration Management page.
   • You can view the task status. For more information about task status, see Task Status.
   • You can click in the upper-right corner to view the latest task status.