# Python客户端使用说明
本文以Linux CentOS环境为例，介绍Python版本的RabbitMQ客户端连接指导，包括RabbitMQ客户端安装，以及生产、消费消息。
使用前请参考[收集连接信息](https://support.huaweicloud.com/devg-rabbitmq/rabbitmq-devg-004.html)收集RabbitMQ所需的连接信息。
![](https://support.huaweicloud.com/devg-rabbitmq/public_sys-resources/note_3.0-zh-cn.png)
本文的连接示例对于RabbitMQ 3.x.x版本与AMQP-0-9-1版本都适用。
#### 准备环境
- Python 一般系统预装了Python，您可以在命令行输入**python** 或者**python3** ，查看Python是否已经安装。**python** 命令只能查询Python 2.x版本，**python** **3**命令只能查询Python 3.x版本，如果无法确认Python版本，请分别输入两个命令查看结果。
  以Python 3.x为例，得到如下回显，说明Python已安装。
  ```
  [root@ecs-test python]# python3
  Python 3.7.1 (default, Jul  5 2020, 14:37:24) 
  [GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-39)] on linux
  Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
  >>>
  ```
  如果未安装Python，请使用以下命令安装：
  **yum install python**
  
- Python版的RabbitMQ客户端，本文使用pika作为连接RabbitMQ的客户端 执行以下命令，安装推荐版本的pika：
  **pip install pika**
  如果无法使用pip命令安装pika，建议改用pip3命令安装pika：
  **pip3 install pika**
  
 
#### 生产消息
![](https://support.huaweicloud.com/devg-rabbitmq/public_sys-resources/note_3.0-zh-cn.png)
以下加粗内容需要替换为实例自有信息，请根据实际情况替换。
- SSL认证方式
  ```
  import pika
  import ssl
  # 连接信息
  conf = {
      'host': 'ip',
      'port': 5671,
      'queue_name': 'queue-test',
      'username': 'root',
      'password': 'password'
  }
  context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2)
  credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(conf['username'], conf['password'])
  parameters = pika.ConnectionParameters(conf['host'],
                                         conf['port'],
                                         '/',
                                         credentials,
                                         ssl_options=pika.SSLOptions(context))
  connection = pika.BlockingConnection(parameters)
  channel = connection.channel()
  channel.queue_declare(conf['queue_name'])
  data = bytes('Hello World!', encoding='utf-8')
  channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                        routing_key=conf['queue_name'],
                        body=data)
  print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")
  connection.close()
  ```
  
- 非SSL认证方式
  ```
  import pika
  # 连接信息
  conf = {
      'host': 'ip',
      'port': 5672,
      'queue_name': 'queue-test',
      'username': 'root',
      'password': 'password'
  }
  credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(conf['username'], conf['password'])
  parameters = pika.ConnectionParameters(conf['host'],
                                         conf['port'],
                                         '/',
                                         credentials)
  connection = pika.BlockingConnection(parameters)
  channel = connection.channel()
  channel.queue_declare(conf['queue_name'])
  data = bytes("Hello World!", encoding="utf-8")
  channel.basic_publish(exchange='',
                        routing_key=conf['queue_name'],
                        body=data)
  print(" [x] Sent 'Hello World!'")
  connection.close()
  ```
  
 
#### 消费消息
![](https://support.huaweicloud.com/devg-rabbitmq/public_sys-resources/note_3.0-zh-cn.png)
以下加粗内容需要替换为实例自有信息，请根据实际情况替换。
- SSL认证方式
  ```
  import pika
  import ssl
  # 连接信息
  conf = {
      'host': 'ip',
      'port': 5671,
      'queue_name': 'queue-test',
      'username': 'root',
      'password': 'password'
  }
  context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLSv1_2)
  credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(conf['username'], conf['password'])
  parameters = pika.ConnectionParameters(conf['host'],
                                         conf['port'],
                                         '/',
                                         credentials,
                                         ssl_options=pika.SSLOptions(context))
  connection = pika.BlockingConnection(parameters)
  channel = connection.channel()
  channel.queue_declare(conf['queue_name'])
  def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
      print(" [x] Received %r" % body.decode('utf-8'))
  channel.basic_consume(queue=conf['queue_name'], on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
  print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
  channel.start_consuming()
  ```
  
- 非SSL认证方式
  ```
  import pika
  # 连接信息
  conf = {
      'host': 'ip',
      'port': 5672,
      'queue_name': 'queue-test',
      'username': 'root',
      'password': 'password'
  }
  credentials = pika.PlainCredentials(conf['username'], conf['password'])
  parameters = pika.ConnectionParameters(conf['host'],
                                         conf['port'],
                                         '/',
                                         credentials)
  connection = pika.BlockingConnection(parameters)
  channel = connection.channel()
  channel.queue_declare(conf['queue_name'])
  def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
      print(" [x] Received %r" % body.decode('utf-8'))
  channel.basic_consume(queue=conf['queue_name'], on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
  print(' [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C')
  channel.start_consuming()
  ```